κέντρον
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *ḱent-r-om (“pointed tool”), from *ḱent- (“to prick; point”); direct cognate with Albanian çandër (“forked pole”) and probably Old Armenian սանտր (santr), սանդր (sandr, “comb”).
Equivalent to κεντέω (kentéō, “I sting”) + -τρον (-tron).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kén.tron/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈken.tron/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈcen.tron/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈcen.tron/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈcen.dron/
Noun
[edit]κέντρον • (kéntron) n (genitive κέντρου); second declension
- Something with a sharp point: point, spike, spur
- sting, quill, thorn
- Torture device or instrument of motivation: whip, goad
- nail, rivet
- stationary point of a pair of compasses
- center of a circle
- (figuratively, vulgar) penis
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κέντρον tò kéntron |
τὼ κέντρω tṑ kéntrō |
τᾰ̀ κέντρᾰ tà kéntra | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κέντρου toû kéntrou |
τοῖν κέντροιν toîn kéntroin |
τῶν κέντρων tôn kéntrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κέντρῳ tôi kéntrōi |
τοῖν κέντροιν toîn kéntroin |
τοῖς κέντροις toîs kéntrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κέντρον tò kéntron |
τὼ κέντρω tṑ kéntrō |
τᾰ̀ κέντρᾰ tà kéntra | ||||||||||
Vocative | κέντρον kéntron |
κέντρω kéntrō |
κέντρᾰ kéntra | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Related terms
[edit]- κεστός (kestós)
Descendants
[edit]- → Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܩܢܛܪܘܢ (qenṭrōn, qanṭrōn)
- → Georgian: კენტრო (ḳenṭro)
- Greek: κέντρο (kéntro)
- → Latin: centrum (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Armenian: կենդրովն (kendrovn), կենտրովն (kentrovn), կենտրոն (kentron)
- → Sanskrit: केन्द्र (kendra) (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κεντέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 672-3
Further reading
[edit]- “κέντρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κέντρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κέντρον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κέντρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- κέντρον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κέντρον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2759 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- κέντρον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- barb idem, page 62.
- goad idem, page 365.
- incentive idem, page 427.
- incitement idem, page 428.
- pang idem, page 591.
- peg idem, page 602.
- point idem, page 623.
- prick idem, page 640.
- rowel idem, page 723.
- smart idem, page 786.
- spur idem, page 806.
- stimulant idem, page 817.
- stimulus idem, page 817.
- sting idem, page 817.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -τρον
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension
- Ancient Greek vulgarities
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations