שאול

Aramaic

Proper noun

שָׁאוּל • (šāʾūl)

1. (biblical) Saul
2. a male given name

See also

• שְׁאִילָא (šəʾīlā)

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
שׁ־א־ל (š-ʾ-l)

Passive participle of שָׁאַל (sha'ál, “to ask, to borrow”). Proper noun follows from Adjective.

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃa.ˈ(ʔ)ul/

Adjective

שָׁאוּל • (sha'úl) (feminine שְׁאוּלָה, masculine plural שְׁאוּלִים, feminine plural שְׁאוּלוֹת) [pattern: קָטוּל]

1. borrowed
   • Tanach, 2 Kings 6:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וַיְהִי הָאֶחָד מַפִּיל הַקּוֹרָה וְאֶת־הַבַּרְזֶל נָפַל אֶל־הַמָּיִם וַיִּצְעַק וַיֹּאמֶר אֲהָהּ אֲדֹנִי וְהוּא שָׁאוּל׃

     Va-y'hi ha-eḥad mapil ha-qorah v-et ha-barzel nafal el ha-máyim, va-yitzʿaq va-yómer "ahah adoni! v'-hu shaul."

     But as one was felling a beam, the axe-head fell into the water; and he cried, and said: ‘Alas, my master! for it was borrowed.’

Proper noun

שָׁאוּל • (sha'úl) m

1. a male given name, Shaul, equivalent to English Saul

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃe.ˈ(ʔ)ol/, /ʃʔol/

Noun

שְׁאוֹל • (she'ól) m or f

1. The netherworld (where the dead reside)
   • Tanach, 1 Samuel 2:6, with translation of the English Standard Version:

     יְהוָה מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּה מֹורִיד שְׁאֹול וַיָּֽעַל׃

     The LORD kills and brings to life; he brings down to Sheol and raises up.

   • Tanach, Proverbs 9:18, with translation of the New International Version:

     וְֽלֹא־יָדַע כִּֽי־רְפָאִים שָׁם בְּעִמְקֵי שְׁאֹול קְרֻאֶֽיהָ׃

     But little do they know that the dead are there, that her guests are deep in the realm of the dead.

Descendants

• → Aramaic: שׁיוּל (Šyūl)
• → Classical Syriac: ܫܝܽܘܠ (Šyūl), ܫܝܘܿܠ (Šyōl)
• → English: Sheol

Yiddish

Proper noun

שאול • (Shoel) m

1. a male given name, Saul