جنگ

See also: جنګ, خنک, چنگ, خنگ, حنك, جنک, and جنك

Baluchi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگ (jang, “war”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒaŋɡ/ [d͡ʒa̞ŋɡʰ]

Noun

جنگ • (jang)

1. war

Etymology 2

from Proto-Iranian *ǰántī, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰánti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti (“to slay, strike”). Cognate with Persian زدن (zadan).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒanɐɡ/ [d͡ʒa̞na̞ɡʰ]

Verb

جنگ • (janag) (past stem جت)

1. to hit

   آنٚهیءَ منانٚ په سرگ جته!

   Ànhi’a manàn pa sarag jata!

   He hit me on the head!

Derived terms

• اݔر جنگ (èr janag, “to abase”)
• تیر جنگ (tir janag, “to shoot an arrow”)
• توپک جنگ (tupak janag, “to shoot a gun”)
• چاپ جنگ (càp janag, “to clap”)
• چاپۏل جنگ (càpòl janag, “to slap”)
• لدگ جنگ (ladag janag, “to kick”)
• تۏبی جنگ (tòbi janag, “to dive”)
• داپرا جنگ (dàporà janag, “to stamp”)
• دپ جنگ (dap janag, “to boast”)
• پنا جنگ (panà janag, “to cheat death”)
• دستگ جنگ (dastag janag, “to knock”)
• دل جنگ (del janag, “to vomit”)
• دک جنگ (dak janag, “to solder”)
• دگار جنگ (degàr janag, “to dig”)
• سنده جنگ (senda janag, “to whistle”)
• تؤک جنگ (tauk janag, “to exclaim”)
• ڈنگ جنگ (ďang janag, “to sting”)

Brahui

Etymology

Borrowed from Baluchi جنگ.

Noun

جَنْگ⁩ (jańg)

1. war

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (yng), 𐫋𐫗𐫗𐫃 (jnng /⁠ǰang⁠/, “struggle, fight”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒanɡ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäŋɡ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäŋɡ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäŋɡ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäŋɡ̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒæɲɡʲ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒäŋɡ]

Readings
Classical reading?	jang
Dari reading?	jang
Iranian reading?	jang
Tajik reading?	jang

Noun

Dari	جنگ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ҷанг

جَنْگ • (jang) (plural جنگ‌ها (jang-hâ))

1. war

   جَنْگِ داخِلی ― jang-e dâxeli ― civil war

2. fight
3. (usually informal) dispute, argument

Derived terms

• جنگی (jangi)
• جنگاور (jangâvar)
• جنگجو (jangju)
• جنگیدن (jangidan)
• جنگ کردن (jang kardan)

Descendants

• → Bengali: জঙ্গ (joṅgo)
• → Crimean Tatar: cenk
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: जंग (jaṅg)

  Urdu: جَن٘گ (jaṅg)

  • • → Phalura: جنگ (ǰang)
• → Gujarati: જંગ (jaṅg)
• → Ottoman Turkish: جنك
  • Turkish: cenk (“war”)
  • → Laz: ჯენგი (cengi)
• → Northern Kurdish: ceng
• → Punjabi:

  Shahmukhi script: جنگ (jaṅg)

  Gurmukhi script: ਜੰਗ (jaṅg)

• > Tajik: ҷанг (jang) (inherited)
  • → Yagnobi: ҷанг (jang)
• → Turkmen: jeň

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “ǰang”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 46

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Hindi जंग (jaṅg) or Malay jong.

Noun

جنگ • (jong)

1. junk (type of ship)
2. (figuratively) anthology

Etymology 3

Cognate Mazanderani جونیکا (junikâ, “bullock”).

Noun

جنگ • (jong)

1. young camel

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگ (jang), from Middle Persian 𐫋𐫗𐫗𐫃 (yng /⁠ǰang⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒəŋɡᵊ/, [d͡ʒɐ˨ŋɡə̆]

Noun

جَن٘گ • (jaṉg) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜੰਗ)

1. war

Declension

Declension of جنگ
dir. sg.	جَن٘گ (jaṉg)
dir. pl.	جَن٘گ (jaṉg)
	singular	plural
direct	جَن٘گ (jaṉg)	جَن٘گ (jaṉg)
oblique	جَن٘گ (jaṉg)	جَن٘گاں (jaṉgāṉ)
vocative	جَن٘گا (jaṉgā)	جَن٘گو (jaṉgo)
ablative	جَن٘گوں (jaṉgoṉ)	–
locative	–	جَن٘گِیں (jaṉgīṉ)
instrumental	–	–

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگ (jang).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒəŋɡ/

Noun

جَن٘گ • (jaṅg) f (Hindi spelling जंग)

1. war
2. battle
3. fight

Synonyms

• یُدھ (yudh)

Derived terms

• جَن٘گی (jaṅgī, “warlike, martial”)
• جَن٘گْجُو (jaṅgjū, “warrior, fighter”)
• جَن٘گِ آزادی (jaṅg-i āzādī, “liberation war, war for freedom”)
• جَن٘گِ عَظِیم (jaṅg-i 'azīm, “world war”)
• جَنْگ آوَر (jaṅg āvar, “fighter, warrior, brave”)
• جَن٘گ و جِدال (jaṅg o jidāl, “warfare, armed conflict”)

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit युज् (yuj).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒʊŋɡ/

Noun

جُن٘گ • (juṅg) f (Hindi spelling जुंग)

1. emotion
2. impulse
3. volume (of books)