ܨܠܡܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܨ ܠ ܡ (ṣ l m)
1 term

Etymology 1

From Aramaic צַלְמָא (ṣaləmā); cognate with Hebrew צֶלֶם (tsélem), Akkadian 𒀩 (ṣalmum) and Arabic صَنَم (ṣanam) by dissimilation of /l/ to /n/.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [sˤal.mɑː]

Noun

ܨܲܠܡܵܐ • (ṣalmā) m sg (plural ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmē) or ܨܲܠܡܵܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmāmē), feminine ܨܠܸܡܬܵܐ (ṣlimtā))

1. image, form, figure

   Synonyms: ܝܘܼܩܢܵܐ (yuqnā), ܨܘܼܪܬܵܐ (ṣurtā), ܕܡܘܼܬܵܐ (dmūtā)

2. statue, idol
3. (of a person) face, character

Inflection

Inflection of ܨܲܠܡܵܐ (ṣalmā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܨܲܠܡܝܼ (ṣalmī)		ܨܲܠܡܲܢ (ṣalman)
	construct	ܨܠܲܡ (ṣlam)	2nd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼܟ݂ (ṣalmūḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ṣalmāḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṣalmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܨܲܠܡܵܐ (ṣalmā)	3rd person	ܨܲܠܡܹܗ (ṣalmēh)	ܨܲܠܡܵܗ̇ (ṣalmāh)	ܨܲܠܡܗܘܿܢ (ṣalmhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܨܲܠܡܝܼ̈ (ṣalmī)		ܨܲܠܡܲܢ̈ (ṣalman)
	construct	ܨܲܠܡܲܝ̈ (ṣalmay)	2nd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ṣalmūḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ṣalmāḵ)	ܨܲܠܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṣalmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ṣalmē)	3rd person	ܨܲܠܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ṣalmūh)	ܨܲܠܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṣalmōh)	ܨܲܠܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ṣalmhōn)

Derived terms

• ܣܓ݂ܵܕܲܬ ܨܲܠܡܹ̈ܐ (sḡādat ṣalmē, “idolatry”)
• ܨܲܠܡܸܢ (ṣalmin, “to imagine”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Akkadian 𒀩 (ṣalmu(m)), “black,” possibly in reference to the color of the tree’s bark. Unattested in Classical Syriac.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [sˤalmaː]

Noun

ܨܲܠܡܵܐ • (ṣalmā) m

1. wild cherry (tree and fruit)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Hebrew צֶלֶם (ṣélem).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sˤalmɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [sˤalme(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܨܠܡܐ • (ṣalmā) m (plural ܨܠܡܐ)

1. image, picture
2. form, figure
3. statue, idol

   Synonym: ܐܕܪܝܛܐ

4. face, surface
5. (possibly) person, character

Inflection

    inflection of ܨܠܡܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܨܠܡ	ܨܠܡܝܢ
construct	ܨܠܡ	ܨܠܡܝ
emphatic	ܨܠܡܐ	ܨܠܡܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܨܠܡܝ	ܨܠܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܨܠܡܟ	ܨܠܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܨܠܡܟܝ	ܨܠܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܨܠܡܗ	ܨܠܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܨܠܡܗ	ܨܠܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܨܠܡܢ	ܨܠܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܨܠܡܟܘܢ	ܨܠܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܨܠܡܟܝܢ	ܨܠܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܨܠܡܗܘܢ	ܨܠܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܨܠܡܗܝܢ	ܨܠܡܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ṣlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 302b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 480a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1290a