沢山

See also: 澤山

Japanese

Kanji in this term
沢	山
たく Grade: S (ateji)	さん Grade: 1 (ateji)
kan’on

Alternative spelling
澤山 (kyūjitai)

Etymology 1

First appears in The Tale of the Heike (c. late 12th century).

Origin unknown, kanji spelling appears to be phonetic ateji (当て字)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) たくさ​ん [tàkúsáꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3]) for adjective and noun senses
• (Tokyo) たくさん [tàkúsáń] (Heiban – [0]) for adverb sense
• IPA^(key): [ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝsã̠ɴ]

Adjective

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) ^†-nari

1. (Classical Japanese) many, numerous

Noun

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) 

1. much, many, a lot

Usage notes

• In classical Japanese, used with なる (naru) to modify nouns:

  沢山(たくさん)なる人々(ひとびと) ― takusan naru hitobito ― many people

• In modern Japanese, used with the particle の (no) to modify nouns:

  沢山(たくさん)の人々(ひとびと) ― takusan no hitobito ― many people

Synonyms

• 大(おお)勢(ぜい) (ōzei) (only for people)

Derived terms

• 沢(たく)山(さん)そう (takusansō)

Adverb

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) 

1. much, a great deal, liberally, a lot

Usage notes

• Unlike many other adjectival nouns that have adverbial senses, 沢山 as an adverb omits the particle に (ni) when used before a verb. Compare:

  Correct:  ケーキを静(しず)かに食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake quietly.

  Incorrect:  ケーキを静(しず)か食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka tabemashita. ― We quiet ate cake.

  Incorrect:  ケーキを沢山(たくさん)に食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake manily.

  Correct:  ケーキを沢山(たくさん)食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan tabemashita. ― We ate a lot of cake.

Suffix

沢(たく)山(さん) • (-takusan) 

1. more than enough

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 具(ぐ)沢(だく)山(さん) (gudakusan)
• 小(こ)沢(だく)山(さん) (kodakusan)
• 子(こ)沢(だく)山(さん) (kodakusan)
• 水(みず)沢(だく)山(さん) (mizu-dakusan)
• 盛(もり)沢(だく)山(さん),盛(も)り沢(だく)山(さん) (moridakusan)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
沢	山
さわ Grade: S	やま Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
澤山 (kyūjitai)

First appeared in the Edo period.

Kun-reading of takusan above.

Alternative forms

• 多山

Adjective

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (sawayama) ^{←さはやま (safayama)?†}-nari

1. (joseigo, archaic) many, numerous

Noun

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (sawayama) ^{←さはやま (safayama)?}

1. (joseigo, archaic) much, a lot

Derived terms

• 銀子(いんつう)沢(さわ)山(やま) (intsū sawayama)

Proper noun

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (Sawayama) ^{←さはやま (safayama)?}

1. a placename
2. a surname

Anagrams

• 山(さん)沢(たく) (santaku), 山(やま)沢(さわ) (yamasawa)