山

Character	山
Codepoint	U+5C71

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Stroke order (cursive)

Etymology

Ideogram (指事) – three mountain peaks. In the Oracle Bone Script, they were represented by triangles rather than vertical strokes. Compare 丘, particularly earlier forms.

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

山 (radical 46 山+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 山 (U), four-corner 2277₀)

1. mountain, hill, peak

Coordinate terms

• 丘

Related terms

• 岳

References

• KangXi: page 307, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7869
• Dae Jaweon: page 604, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 759, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5C71

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Cantonese

Hanzi

山 (jyutping saan1, Yale saan1)

Pronunciation

• (Hoisanese) IPA: [san˧]

Noun

山

1. mountain

Derived terms

• 台山話
• 台山

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Hakka

Hanzi

山 (POJ san, Guangdong san¹, Hagfa Pinyim san1)

References

• CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)
• Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.

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Japanese

Kanji

山 (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Noun

山 (hiragana やま, romaji yama)

1. mountain

Readings

• On: さん (san), せん (sen)
• Kun: やま (yama)

also ざん (zan)

Compounds

山伏 (やまぶし, yamabushi): a mountain hermit 山頂 (さんちょう, sanchō): mountain top 火山 (かざん, kazan): volcano 氷山 (ひょうざん, hyōzan): iceberg 大山 (おおやま or たいざん, ooyama or taizan): big mountain 小山 (こやま, koyama): small mountain 山国 (やまぐに, yamaguni): mountainous country 山吹 (やまぶき, yamabuki): Japanese rose

山水 (さんすい, sansui): landscape 山人 (やまびと, yamabito): mountain people 山茶 (さんちゃ, sancha): tea made in the mountains 山岳 (さんがく, sangaku): mountains 山路 (さんろ, sanro): mountain path 山川 (さんせん, sansen): mountains and rivers 山犬 (やまいぬ, yamainu): a mountain dog 花果山 (かかざん, kakazan): flower-fruit mountain

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Korean

Hanja

山
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 산 (revised: san, McCune-Reischauer: san, Yale: san)

• Name (hangeul): 메 (revised: me, McCune-Reischauer: me, Yale: mey)

Compounds

• 山獺 (산달, sandal)

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Mandarin

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Hanzi

山 (pinyin shān (shan1), Wade-Giles shan¹)

Compounds

• 火山
• 山药
• 山歌
• 山门

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Middle Chinese

Han character

山 (*shrɛn)

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Min Nan

Hanzi

山 (POJ soaⁿ, san)

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Vietnamese

Han character

山 (san, sơn)

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Wu

Pronunciation

• (Shanghai) (Taihu Wu): sĘ(52)

山

References

• Eastling.org (东方语言学) - "Dialect Pronunciation and Historical Comparison: Shanghai Wu" by Qian Nairong (钱乃荣)