þræll

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse þræll, from Proto-Germanic *þragilaz, *þrahilaz, *þrēhilaz, cognate with Old High German drigil (“servant”) and Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan, “to run”). From the root *þreh-, *þreg-, *þrag- ‘to run’, from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“pull, drag, race, run”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈθraitl̥]
• Rhymes: -aitl̥

Noun

þræll m (genitive singular þræls, nominative plural þrælar)

1. a slave

Declension

Declension of þræll (masculine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	þræll	þrællinn	þrælar	þrælarnir
accusative	þræl	þrælinn	þræla	þrælana
dative	þræl, þræli	þrælnum	þrælum	þrælunum
genitive	þræls	þrælsins	þræla	þrælanna

Derived terms

• Þrælastríðið

See also

• ambátt
• leysingi

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þragilaz, *þrahilaz, *þrēhilaz, cognate with Old High German drigil (“servant”) and Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan, “to run”). From the root *þreh-, *þreg-, *þrag- ‘to run’, from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“pull, drag, race, run”).

Noun

þræll m (genitive þræls, plural þrælar)

1. slave, thrall

Declension

Declension of þræll (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	þræll	þrællinn	þrælar	þrælarnir
accusative	þræl	þrælinn	þræla	þrælana
dative	þræli	þrælinum	þrælum	þrælunum
genitive	þræls	þrælsins	þræla	þrælanna

Coordinate terms

• ambátt (“female slave, bondwoman, handmaid”)

Derived terms

• þrælka (“enthrall, enslave”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: þræll m
• Faroese: trælur m, trællur m
• Norwegian Nynorsk: træl m; (dialectal) trædl m, trel m
• Old Swedish: þræl
  • Swedish: träl c or m
• Old Danish: thræl
  • Danish: træl c
    • Norwegian Bokmål: trell m
• Old Gutnish: þrel
• → Old English: þrǣl m
  • Middle English: thral, tharll, therll, thrall, thralle, threll, þral, þrall, þralle, þrel, ðral, þreal, þreall (Early Middle English)
    • English: thrall
    • Scots: thirl
• → Old Irish: tráill
  • Irish: tráill
  • Scottish Gaelic: tràill
• → Middle Low German: drelle