Ἑβραῖος

See also: Εβραίος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Hebrew עִבְרִי (ʿiḇrī, “Hebrew”), likely through Aramaic עִבְרַי (ʿiḇray, “Hebrew”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /he.brâi̯.os/ → /eˈβrɛ.os/ → /eˈvre.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /he.brâi̯.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)eˈbrɛ.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈβrɛ.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈvre.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈvre.os/

Adjective

Ἑβραῖος • (Hebraîos) m (feminine Ἑβραίᾱ, neuter Ἑβραῖον); first/second declension

1. Hebrew, Israelite
   • 150 CE – 215 CE, Clement of Alexandria, Protr. 1

Inflection

First and second declension of Ἑβραῖος; Ἑβραίᾱ; Ἑβραῖον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		Ἑβραῖος Hebraîos	Ἑβραίᾱ Hebraíā	Ἑβραῖον Hebraîon		Ἑβραίω Hebraíō	Ἑβραίᾱ Hebraíā	Ἑβραίω Hebraíō		Ἑβραῖοι Hebraîoi	Ἑβραῖαι Hebraîai	Ἑβραῖᾰ Hebraîa
Genitive		Ἑβραίου Hebraíou	Ἑβραίᾱς Hebraíās	Ἑβραίου Hebraíou		Ἑβραίοιν Hebraíoin	Ἑβραίαιν Hebraíain	Ἑβραίοιν Hebraíoin		Ἑβραίων Hebraíōn	Ἑβραίων Hebraíōn	Ἑβραίων Hebraíōn
Dative		Ἑβραίῳ Hebraíōi	Ἑβραίᾳ Hebraíāi	Ἑβραίῳ Hebraíōi		Ἑβραίοιν Hebraíoin	Ἑβραίαιν Hebraíain	Ἑβραίοιν Hebraíoin		Ἑβραίοις Hebraíois	Ἑβραίαις Hebraíais	Ἑβραίοις Hebraíois
Accusative		Ἑβραῖον Hebraîon	Ἑβραίᾱν Hebraíān	Ἑβραῖον Hebraîon		Ἑβραίω Hebraíō	Ἑβραίᾱ Hebraíā	Ἑβραίω Hebraíō		Ἑβραίους Hebraíous	Ἑβραίᾱς Hebraíās	Ἑβραῖᾰ Hebraîa
Vocative		Ἑβραῖε Hebraîe	Ἑβραίᾱ Hebraíā	Ἑβραῖον Hebraîon		Ἑβραίω Hebraíō	Ἑβραίᾱ Hebraíā	Ἑβραίω Hebraíō		Ἑβραῖοι Hebraîoi	Ἑβραῖαι Hebraîai	Ἑβραῖᾰ Hebraîa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		Ἑβραίως Hebraíōs				Ἑβραιότερος Hebraióteros				Ἑβραιότᾰτος Hebraiótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

Ἑβραῖος • (Hebraîos) m (genitive Ἑβραίου); second declension

1. a Hebrew, Israelite
   • 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 11:22

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ Ἑβραῖος; τοῦ Ἑβραίου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Ἑβραῖος ho Hebraîos	τὼ Ἑβραίω tṑ Hebraíō	οἱ Ἑβραῖοι hoi Hebraîoi
Genitive	τοῦ Ἑβραίου toû Hebraíou	τοῖν Ἑβραίοιν toîn Hebraíoin	τῶν Ἑβραίων tôn Hebraíōn
Dative	τῷ Ἑβραίῳ tôi Hebraíōi	τοῖν Ἑβραίοιν toîn Hebraíoin	τοῖς Ἑβραίοις toîs Hebraíois
Accusative	τὸν Ἑβραῖον tòn Hebraîon	τὼ Ἑβραίω tṑ Hebraíō	τοὺς Ἑβραίους toùs Hebraíous
Vocative	Ἑβραῖε Hebraîe	Ἑβραίω Hebraíō	Ἑβραῖοι Hebraîoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• Ἑβραΐζω (Hebraḯzō)
• Ἑβραϊκός (Hebraïkós)
• Ἑβραΐς (Hebraḯs)
• Ἑβραϊστί (Hebraïstí)

 

Descendants

• Dutch: Hebreeër
• English: Hebrew
• French: Hébreu
• German: Hebräer
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌿𐍃 (haibraius)
• Greek: Εβραίος (Evraíos)
  • → Coptic: ϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ (hebreos), ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ (hebraios)
• Italian: ebreo
• Japanese: ヘブライ
• Korean: 히브리 (hibeuri)
• Ladino: Ebreo
• Latin: hebraeus
• Portuguese: Hebreu
• Romanian: evreu
• Russian: еврей (jevrej)
• Spanish: hebreo
• Ukrainian: єврей (jevrej)
• → Old Armenian: եբրայեցի (ebrayecʻi)
  • Armenian: եբրայեցի (ebrayecʻi)

References

• “Ἑβραῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ἑβραῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• Ἑβραῖος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G1445 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,012