Παλαιστίνη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Perhaps from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (pəléšeṯ), Egyptian (pwrꜣsꜣtj), or Akkadian 𒆳𒉺𒆷𒊍𒌓 (^KURpa-la-as-tú /⁠Palastu⁠/), 𒆳𒉿𒇺𒋾 (^KURpi-liš-ti /⁠Pilišti⁠/), 𒆳𒉿𒇺𒋫 (^KURpi-lis-ta /⁠Pilista⁠/), 𒆳𒉿𒇺𒌅 (^KURpi-liš-tu /⁠Pilištu⁠/) being reshaped to directly match παλαιστής (palaistḗs, “wrestler”); compare perhaps Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yiśrāʾēl), sometimes translated as “he wrestles with God”, therefore a Greek exonym to the region, and the similar adaptation of Ἱερουσᾱλήμ (Hierousālḗm, “Jerusalem”) to the word ἱερός (hierós, “holy”). See timeline of the name Palestine on Wikipedia.

(The oldest surviving copy of oldest known map of Palestine: Ptolemy's 4th Asia map, a revision of an atlas by Marinus of Tyre.)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pa.lai̯s.tǐː.nɛː/ → /pa.lɛsˈti.ni/ → /pa.lesˈti.ni/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pa.lai̯s.tǐː.nɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pa.lɛsˈti.ne̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pa.lɛsˈti.ni/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pa.lesˈti.ni/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pa.lesˈti.ni/

Proper noun

Παλαιστῑ́νη • (Palaistī́nē) f (genitive Παλαιστῑ́νης); first declension

1. Palestine, the Land of Israel, Syria Palaestina (a historical region of Western Asia)
   • 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.89.2:

     τῆς δὲ Συρίης τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον καὶ τὸ μέχρι Αἰγύπτου πᾶν Παλαιστίνη καλέεται

     tês dè Suríēs toûto tò khōríon kaì tò mékhri Aigúptou pân Palaistínē kaléetai

     This part of Syria as far as Egypt is all called Palestine.

   • 340 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 2:

     εἰ δ’ ἔστιν ὥσπερ μυθολογοῦσί τινες ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ τοιαύτη λίμνη, εἰς ἣν ἐάν τις ἐμβάλῃ συνδήσας ἄνθρωπον ἢ ὑποζύγιον ἐπιπλεῖν καὶ οὐ καταδύεσθαι κατὰ τοῦ ὕδατος, μαρτύριον ἂν εἴη τι τοῖς εἰρημένοις· λέγουσι γὰρ πικρὰν οὕτως εἶναι τὴν λίμνην καὶ ἁλμυρὰν ὥστε μηδένα ἰχθὺν ἐγγίγνεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ἱμάτια ῥύπτειν, ἐάν τις διασείσῃ βρέξας.

     ei d’ éstin hṓsper muthologoûsí tines en Palaistínēi toiaútē límnē, eis hḕn eán tis embálēi sundḗsas ánthrōpon ḕ hupozúgion epipleîn kaì ou katadúesthai katà toû húdatos, martúrion àn eíē ti toîs eirēménois; légousi gàr pikràn hoútōs eînai tḕn límnēn kaì halmuràn hṓste mēdéna ikhthùn engígnesthai, tà dè himátia rhúptein, eán tis diaseísēi bréxas.

     Again if, as is fabled, there is a lake in Palestine, such that if you bind a man or beast and throw it in it floats and does not sink, this would bear out what we have said. They say that this lake is so bitter and salt that no fish live in it and that if you soak clothes in it and shake them it cleans them.

Inflection

First declension of ἡ Παλαιστῑ́νη; τῆς Παλαιστῑ́νης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Παλαιστῑ́νη hē Palaistī́nē
Genitive	τῆς Παλαιστῑ́νης tês Palaistī́nēs
Dative	τῇ Παλαιστῑ́νῃ tēî Palaistī́nēi
Accusative	τὴν Παλαιστῑ́νην tḕn Palaistī́nēn
Vocative	Παλαιστῑ́νη Palaistī́nē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Παλαιστῑνοί (Palaistīnoí)
• Παλαιστῑνός (Palaistīnós)
• Παλαιστῖνος (Palaistînos)

Descendants

Descendants of Παλαιστίνη

• Greek: Παλαιστίνη (Palaistíni)
• → Arabic: فِلَسْطِين (filasṭīn)
  • Hijazi Arabic: فَلَسْطِين (falasṭīn), فِلِسْطِين (filisṭīn)
  • Moroccan Arabic: فلسطين (filisṭīn)
  • South Levantine Arabic: فلسطين (falasṭīn)
    • → English: Falasteen, Falastin, Filasteen, Filastin, Filistin
    • → Hebrew: פָלַסְטִין (falastín)
  • → Azerbaijani: Fələstin
  • → Classical Persian: فَلَسْطِین (falastīn), فِلِسْطِین (filistīn)
    • Dari: فَلَسْطِین (falastīn)
    • Iranian Persian: فِلِسْطِین (felesteyn)
    • Tajik: Фаластин (Falastin)
    • → Hindustani:

      Hindi: फ़िलिस्तीन (filistīn)

      Urdu: فِلِسْطِین (filistīn)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: فلسطین, فلستین (felestin)
    • Turkish: Filistin
• → Armenian: Պաղեստին (Paġestin)
• → Basque: Palestina
• → Belarusian: Палестына (Paljestyna)
• → Bulgarian: Палестина (Palestina)
• → Classical Syriac: ܦܠܣܛܝܢ (palasṭīn)
• → Czech: Palestina
• → Danish: Palæstina
• → Georgian: პალესტინა (ṗalesṭina)
• → German: Palästina
• → Pennsylvania German: Baaleschdi
• → Irish: An Phalaistín
• → Indonesian: Palestina
• → Latin: Palaestina (see there for further descendants)
• → Macedonian: Палестина (Palestina)
• → Norwegian: Palestina
• → Polish: Palestyna
• → Russian: Палестина (Palestina)
• → Serbo-Croatian: Палестина, Palestina
• → Slovak: Palestína
• → Slovene: Palestina
• → Swedish: Palestina
• → Thai: ปาเลสไตน์ (bpaa-lées-dtaai)
• → Ukrainian: Палестина (Palestyna)
• → Welsh: Palesteina
• → Yiddish: פּאַלעסטינע (palestine)

References

• Παλαιστίνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,019

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek Παλαιστῑ́νη (Palaistī́nē).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa.leˈsti.ni/

Proper noun

η Παλαιστίνη • (i Palaistíni) f

1. Palestine, the State of Palestine (a country in Western Asia)
2. (historical) Palestine (a historical region of Western Asia)

Declension

Declension of Παλαιστίνη

	singular
nominative	Παλαιστίνη (Palaistíni)
genitive	Παλαιστίνης (Palaistínis)
accusative	Παλαιστίνη (Palaistíni)
vocative	Παλαιστίνη (Palaistíni)

Derived terms

• Παλαιστίνια (Palaistínia)
• παλαιστινιακός (palaistiniakós)
• Παλαιστίνιος (Palaistínios)

Further reading

• Παλαιστίνη on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el