βραδύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus (“slow”) (which bears some resemblance in form and meaning to Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”)). Cognates include Lithuanian gurdùs (“slow”), Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Latin gurdus (“dolt, heavy”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bra.dýs/ → /βraˈðys/ → /vraˈðis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.dýs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈdys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈðys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈðys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈðis/

Adjective

βρᾰδῠ́ς • (brădŭ́s) m (feminine βρᾰδεῖᾰ, neuter βραδῠ́); first/third declension

1. slow
2. slow-witted, dull
3. (time) late, tardy

Inflection

First and third declension of βρᾰδῠ́ς; βρᾰδεῖᾰ; βρᾰδῠ́ (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βρᾰδῠ́ς brădŭ́s	βρᾰδεῖᾰ brădeîă	βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́		βρᾰδεῖ brădeî	βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā	βρᾰδεῖ brădeî		βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs	βρᾰδεῖαι brădeîai	βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă
Genitive		βρᾰδέος brădéos	βρᾰδείᾱς brădeíās	βρᾰδέος brădéos		βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin	βρᾰδείαιν brădeíain	βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin		βρᾰδέων brădéōn	βρᾰδειῶν brădeiôn	βρᾰδέων brădéōn
Dative		βρᾰδεῖ brădeî	βρᾰδείᾳ brădeíāi	βρᾰδεῖ brădeî		βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin	βρᾰδείαιν brădeíain	βρᾰδέοιν brădéoin		βρᾰδέσῐ βρᾰδέσῐν brădésĭ(n)	βρᾰδείαις brădeíais	βρᾰδέσῐ βρᾰδέσῐν brădésĭ(n)
Accusative		βρᾰδῠ́ν brădŭ́n	βρᾰδεῖᾰν brădeîăn	βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́		βρᾰδεῖ brădeî	βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā	βρᾰδεῖ brădeî		βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs	βρᾰδείᾱς brădeíās	βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă
Vocative		βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́	βρᾰδεῖᾰ brădeîă	βρᾰδῠ́ brădŭ́		βρᾰδεῖ brădeî	βρᾰδείᾱ brădeíā	βρᾰδεῖ brădeî		βρᾰδεῖς brădeîs	βρᾰδεῖαι brădeîai	βρᾰδέᾰ brădéă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βρᾰδέως brădéōs				βρᾰδῠ́τερος brădŭ́teros				βρᾰδῠ́τᾰτος brădŭ́tătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• τᾰχῠ́ς (tăkhŭ́s)

Derived terms

• βρᾰδῠ́νω (brădŭ́nō)
• βρᾰδῠτής (brădŭtḗs)

Descendants

• → Greek: βραδύς (vradýs) (learned)
• Byzantine Greek: βραδύ (bradú)
  • Greek: βράδυ (vrády)
  • Mariupol Greek: врадъи (vraði), врадъмер (vraðmjer)

Further reading

• “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “βραδύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• βραδύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βραδύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• βραδύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• G1021 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dawdling idem, page 197.
  • deliberate idem, page 207.
  • dilatory idem, page 224.
  • gradual idem, page 369.
  • inactive idem, page 427.
  • indolent idem, page 434.
  • laggard idem, page 473.
  • lagging idem, page 473.
  • late idem, page 478.
  • leisurely idem, page 485.
  • lethargic idem, page 486.
  • lingering idem, page 493.
  • loitering idem, page 498.
  • slack idem, page 782.
  • slow idem, page 785.
  • sluggish idem, page 786.
  • stealthy idem, page 814.
  • tardy idem, page 855.
  • tedious idem, page 859.
  • vacillating idem, page 942.
  • wavering idem, page 968.

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɾaˈðis/
• Hyphenation: βρα‧δύς

Adjective

βραδύς • (vradýs) m (feminine βραδεία, neuter βραδύ)

1. slow

   Synonym: αργός (argós)

   Antonyms: ταχύς (tachýs), γρήγορος (grígoros)

Declension

Declension of βραδύς

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	βραδύς (vradýs)	βραδεία (vradeía)	βραδύ (vradý)		βραδείς (vradeís)	βραδείες (vradeíes)	βραδέα (vradéa)
genitive	βραδέος (vradéos) βραδύ (vradý)	βραδείας (vradeías)	βραδύ (vradý) βραδέος (vradéos)		βραδέων (vradéon)	βραδειών (vradeión)	βραδέων (vradéon)
accusative	βραδύ (vradý)	βραδεία (vradeía)	βραδύ (vradý)		βραδείς (vradeís)	βραδείες (vradeíes)	βραδέα (vradéa)
vocative	βραδύ (vradý)	βραδεία (vradeía)	βραδύ (vradý)		βραδείς (vradeís)	βραδείες (vradeíes)	βραδέα (vradéa)

Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βραδύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βραδύς, etc.)

Degrees of comparison by suffixation

comparative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative βραδύτερος (vradýteros) βραδύτερη (vradýteri) βραδύτερο (vradýtero) βραδύτεροι (vradýteroi) βραδύτερες (vradýteres) βραδύτερα (vradýtera) genitive βραδύτερου (vradýterou) βραδύτερης (vradýteris) βραδύτερου (vradýterou) βραδύτερων (vradýteron) βραδύτερων (vradýteron) βραδύτερων (vradýteron) accusative βραδύτερο (vradýtero) βραδύτερη (vradýteri) βραδύτερο (vradýtero) βραδύτερους (vradýterous) βραδύτερες (vradýteres) βραδύτερα (vradýtera) vocative βραδύτερε (vradýtere) βραδύτερη (vradýteri) βραδύτερο (vradýtero) βραδύτεροι (vradýteroi) βραδύτερες (vradýteres) βραδύτερα (vradýtera) Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms: e.g. ο βραδύτερος (o vradýteros), etc. absolute superlative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative βραδύτατος (vradýtatos) βραδύτατη (vradýtati) βραδύτατο (vradýtato) βραδύτατοι (vradýtatoi) βραδύτατες (vradýtates) βραδύτατα (vradýtata) genitive βραδύτατου (vradýtatou) βραδύτατης (vradýtatis) βραδύτατου (vradýtatou) βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) accusative βραδύτατο (vradýtato) βραδύτατη (vradýtati) βραδύτατο (vradýtato) βραδύτατους (vradýtatous) βραδύτατες (vradýtates) βραδύτατα (vradýtata) vocative βραδύτατε (vradýtate) βραδύτατη (vradýtati) βραδύτατο (vradýtato) βραδύτατοι (vradýtatoi) βραδύτατες (vradýtates) βραδύτατα (vradýtata)

Related terms

• βραδέως (vradéos)
• βράδυ n (vrády)