γαῖα

See also: Γαία and Γαῖα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• αἶα (aîa) — Epic, for the sake of meter

Etymology

Probably related to γῆ (gê, “earth”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡâi̯.a/ → /ˈʝɛ.a/ → /ˈʝe.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡâi̯.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɛ.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝɛ.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝe.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈʝe.a/

Noun

γαῖᾰ • (gaîa) f (genitive γαίᾱς); first declension

1. (poetic) land, country
2. earth (material)
3. earth (element)
4. the Earth (see Γαῖα (Gaîa))

Inflection

First declension of ἡ γαῖᾰ; τῆς γαίᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γαῖᾰ hē gaîa	τὼ γαίᾱ tṑ gaíā	αἱ γαῖαι hai gaîai
Genitive	τῆς γαίᾱς tês gaíās	τοῖν γαίαιν toîn gaíain	τῶν γαιῶν tôn gaiôn
Dative	τῇ γαίᾳ têi gaíāi	τοῖν γαίαιν toîn gaíain	ταῖς γαίαις taîs gaíais
Accusative	τὴν γαῖᾰν tḕn gaîan	τὼ γαίᾱ tṑ gaíā	τᾱ̀ς γαίᾱς tā̀s gaíās
Vocative	γαῖᾰ gaîa	γαίᾱ gaíā	γαῖαι gaîai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of γαῖᾰ; γαίης (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	γαῖᾰ gaîa	γαίᾱ gaíā	γαῖαι gaîai
Genitive	γαίης gaíēs	γαίαιν / γαίαιῐν / γαίῃῐν gaíai(i)n / gaíēiin	γαιᾱ́ων / γαιέ͜ων / γαιῶν gaiā́ōn / gaié͜ōn / gaiôn
Dative	γαίῃ gaíēi	γαίαιν / γαίαιῐν / γαίῃῐν gaíai(i)n / gaíēiin	γαίῃσῐ / γαίῃσῐν / γαίῃς / γαίαις gaíēisi(n) / gaíēis / gaíais
Accusative	γαῖᾰν gaîan	γαίᾱ gaíā	γαίᾱς gaíās
Vocative	γαῖᾰ gaîa	γαίᾱ gaíā	γαῖαι gaîai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• γαιάδας (gaiádas)
• γαίηθεν (gaíēthen)
• γαιήϊος (gaiḗïos)
• γαιήοχος (gaiḗokhos)
• γαιηφάγος (gaiēphágos)
• γαϊκός (gaïkós)
• γαιονόμος (gaionómos)
• γαιοφανής (gaiophanḗs)
• γαιόω (gaióō)
• γαιών (gaiṓn)

Further reading

• “γαῖα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γαῖα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γαῖα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• γαῖα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γαῖα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• γαῖα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • country idem, page 178.
  • domain idem, page 246.
  • earth idem, page 259.
  • gaea (earth regarded as a goddess) idem, page 351.
  • ground idem, page 375.
  • land idem, page 475.
  • mould idem, page 543.
  • soil idem, page 791.