land

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See also: Land, länd, lǟnd, and -land

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English lond, land, from Old English land, from Proto-West Germanic *land, from Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Cognate with Scots laund (“land”), West Frisian lân (“land”), Dutch land (“land, country”), German Land (“land, country, state”), Norwegian and Swedish land (“land, country, shore, territory”), Icelandic land (“land”). Non-Germanic cognates include Old Irish lann (“heath”), Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”), Old Church Slavonic лѧдо (lędo), from Proto-Slavic *lęda (“heath, wasteland”) and Albanian lëndinë (“heath, grassland”).

Noun[edit]

land (countable and uncountable, plural lands)

  1. The part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water.
    Most insects live on land.
  2. Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected.
    There are 50 acres of land in this estate.
  3. A country or region.
    They come from a faraway land.
  4. A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland.
  5. The soil, in respect to its nature or quality for farming.
    wet land    good or bad land for growing potatoes
  6. (often in combination) realm, domain.
    I'm going to Disneyland.
    Maybe that's how it works in TV-land, but not in the real world.
  7. (agriculture) The ground left unploughed between furrows; any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing.
    Synonym: (obsolete except Britain, dialectal) furlong
  8. (Ireland, colloquial) A shock or fright.
    He got an awful land when the police arrived.
  9. (electronics) A conducting area on a board or chip which can be used for connecting wires.
  10. On a compact disc or similar recording medium, an area of the medium which does not have pits.
    • 1935, H. Courtney Bryson, The Gramophone Record, page 72:
      Now, assume that the recording is being done with 100 grooves per inch, and that the record groove is .006 inch wide. This means that the land on either side on any given groove in the absence of sound waves is .004 inch.
  11. (travel) The non-airline portion of an itinerary. Hotel, tours, cruises, etc.
    Our city offices sell a lot more land than our suburban offices.
  12. (obsolete) The ground or floor.
  13. (nautical) The lap of the strakes in a clinker-built boat; the lap of plates in an iron vessel; called also landing[1].
  14. In any surface prepared with indentations, perforations, or grooves, that part of the surface which is not so treated, such as the level part of a millstone between the furrows.
    1. (ballistics) The space between the rifling grooves in a gun.
      • 2008 August 1, Steele, Lisa, “Ballistics”, in Eric York Drogin, editor, Science for Lawyers, American Bar Association, page 16:
        The FBI maintains a database, the General Rifling Characteristics (GRC) file, which is organized by caliber, number of lands and grooves, direction of twist, and width of lands and grooves, to help an examiner figure out the origin of a recovered bullet.
      • 2012 November 15, “One Way to Get Off”, in Elementary, season 1, episode 7, spoken by Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller):
        The human eye is a precision instrument. It can detect grooves and lands on a slug more efficiently than any computer.
  15. (Scotland, historical) A group of dwellings or tenements under one roof and having a common entry.
Hyponyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
fright — see fright

Verb[edit]

land (third-person singular simple present lands, present participle landing, simple past and past participle landed)

  1. (intransitive) To descend to a surface, especially from the air.
    The plane is about to land.
  2. (dated) To alight, to descend from a vehicle.
    • 1859, “Rules adopted by the Sixth Avenue Railway, N. Y.”, quoted in Alexander Easton, A Practical Treatise on Street or Horse-Power Railways, page 108:
      10. You will be civil and attentive to passengers, giving proper assistance to ladies and children getting in or out, and never start the car before passengers are fairly received or landed.
  3. (intransitive) To come into rest.
  4. (intransitive) To arrive on land, especially a shore or dock, from a body of water.
  5. (transitive) To bring to land.
    It can be tricky to land a helicopter.
    Use the net to land the fish.
  6. (transitive, informal) To capture or arrest.
    • 1920 June 1, The Electrical Experimenter, New York, page 151, column 3:
      `He told me that he was certain that Coates shot at him. We threw out a drag and landed Coates within an hour.'
  7. (transitive) To acquire; to secure.
    • 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport‎[1]:
      As Di Matteo celebrated and captain John Terry raised the trophy for the fourth time, the Italian increased his claims to become the permanent successor to Andre Villas-Boas by landing a trophy.
  8. (slang, transitive) To succeed in having sexual relations with; to score
    Too ugly to ever land a chick
  9. (transitive) (of a blow) To deliver.
    If you land a knockout blow, you’ll win the match
  10. (intransitive) (of a punch) To connect
    If the punches land, you might lose a few teeth!
  11. (intransitive) To go down well with an audience.
    Some of the comedian's jokes failed to land.
Derived terms[edit]
terms derived from the verb land
Translations[edit]
to arrive at land, especially a shore, or a dock, from a body of water
to deliver — see deliver

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old English hland.

Noun[edit]

land (uncountable)

  1. lant; urine

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1874, Edward H. Knight, American Mechanical Dictionary

Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch land, from Old Dutch lant, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

land (plural lande)

  1. country; nation

Danish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Danish land, from Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, cognate with English land, German Land.

Noun[edit]

land n (singular definite landet, plural indefinite lande)

  1. country (a geographical area that is politically independent)
    Synonyms: stat, nation
  2. (uncountable, chiefly definite singular) country, countryside (rural areas outside the cities with agricultural production)
  3. land (part of Earth that is not covered in water)
  4. (as the last part of compounds) a large area or facility dedicated to a certain type of activity or merchandise
Usage notes[edit]

In compounds: land-, lande-, lands-.

Declension[edit]
Declension of land
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landet lande landene
genitive lands landets landes landenes
Derived terms[edit]
Terms derived from land (“country, nation”)
Terms derived from land (“countryside”)
Terms derived from land (“(dry) land”)
Terms derived from land (“amusement park”)

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

land

  1. imperative of lande

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Dutch lant, from Old Dutch lant, from Proto-West Germanic *land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun[edit]

land n (plural landen, diminutive landje n)

  1. land; country
  2. land (part of Earth not covered by water)
  3. (Netherlands, Antilles) a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the territorial government of an overseas constituent country
    • 2022 December 6, Oscar van Dam; John Samson, “Gerechtshof: lhbt’s mogen trouwen op Aruba en Curaçao [Appellate court: LGBT people allowed to marry in Aruba and Curaçao]”, in Caribisch Netwerk‎[2], retrieved 14 December 2022:
      Het zijn twee verschillende uitspraken die vandaag door het gerechtshof achter elkaar zijn gedaan. Voor Aruba gaat het om het een zaak van Fundacion Orguyo Aruba en twee vrouwen tegen het Land Aruba. Voor Curaçao gaat het om een zaak van Human Rights Caribbean Foundation en twee vrouwen tegen het Land Curaçao.
      Today's rulings are two separate ones handed down by the appellate court back-to-back. For Aruba, it involves a case brought by Fundacion Orguyo Aruba and two women against the government of Aruba. For Curaçao, it involves a case brought by Human Rights Caribbean Foundation and two women against the government of Curaçao.
  4. (history, chiefly in compounds) the territorial government or state authority in a Dutch colony or overseas territory in the West Indies
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Afrikaans: land
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: alanda, landi
  • Negerhollands: land, lant, lan
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: land, lantta
  • → Sranan Tongo: lanti

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

land

  1. first-person singular present indicative of landen
  2. imperative of landen

Elfdalian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Swedish land.

Noun[edit]

land n

  1. country; nation

Declension[edit]

Declension of land
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landeð land landę
accusative land landeð land landę
dative lande landę landum landum(e)
genitive — — — —

Faroese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun[edit]

land n (genitive singular lands, plural lond)

  1. land
  2. coast
  3. country, nation
  4. ground, soil
  5. the state
Declension[edit]
n8 Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landið lond londini
Accusative land landið lond londini
Dative landi landinum londum londunum
Genitive lands landsins landa landanna
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse hland, from Proto-Germanic *hlandą, from Proto-Indo-European *klān- (“liquid, wet ground”). Cognate with Lithuanian klanas (“pool, puddle, slop”).

Noun[edit]

land n (genitive singular lands, uncountable)

  1. (uncountable) urine
Declension[edit]
n8 Singular
Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landið
Accusative land landið
Dative landi landinum
Genitive lands landsins

French[edit]

Noun[edit]

land m (plural lands or länder)

  1. land (region of Germany or Austria)

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

land

  1. Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

land n (genitive singular lands, nominative plural lönd)

  1. (uncountable) land, earth, ground (part of the Earth not under water)
  2. (countable) country
    Japan er fallegt land.
    Japan is a beautiful country.
  3. (uncountable) countryside, country
    Ég bý úti á landi.
    I live in the country.
  4. (uncountable) land, as a mass noun, measurable in quantity
  5. (countable) tracts of land, an estate
    Ég á þetta land og allt sem er á því.
    I own this land and everything on it.

Declension[edit]

declension of land
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landið lönd löndin
accusative land landið lönd löndin
dative landi landinu löndum löndunum
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Derived terms[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

land

  1. Alternative form of lond

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun[edit]

land n (definite singular landet, indefinite plural land, definite plural landa or landene)

  1. country
  2. land
Derived terms[edit]
Terms derived from land

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

land

  1. imperative of lande

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Akin to English land.

Noun[edit]

land n (definite singular landet, indefinite plural land, definite plural landa)

  1. country
    Noreg er eit land i nord.
    Norway is a country in the north.
  2. land
    Det var mangel på land for jordbruk.
    There was a lack of land for agriculture.
  3. coast, dry land
Derived terms[edit]
Terms derived from land

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse hland, from Proto-Germanic *hlandą.

Noun[edit]

land n (definite singular landet, indefinite plural land, definite plural landa)

  1. urine from livestock

References[edit]

Old Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą.

Noun[edit]

land n (genitive lanz, plural land)

  1. land
    • 1241, Codex Holmiensis, prologue:
      Mæth logh skal land byggæs.
      With law shall land be built.

Declension[edit]

Declension of land (Scanian system)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit land landin
accusative land landit land landin
dative landi landinu landum landunum
genitive lanz lanzins landa landanna
The declension is unstable and should be treated as a guide. The case system was gradually being simplified from four to two cases. Even some nominative markers were sporadically kept in the Scanian dialect, although they mostly were replaced with the accusative endings from Old Norse.

Descendants[edit]

Old English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *land, from Proto-Germanic *landą. See there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

land n

  1. land (dry portion of the Earth's surface)
  2. a country
  3. region within a country: district, province
  4. the country, countryside
  5. owned or tilled land, an estate

Usage notes[edit]

  • Using the word land is the most common way to form country names. This can be done in one of two ways:
    • Prefixing the name of a people to the word land. Ex: Franca (“French person”) → Francland (“France”), Swēo (“Swede”) → Swēoland (“Sweden”), and *Unger (“a Hungarian”) → Ungerland (“Hungary”).
    • Prefacing land with the genitive plural form of a people, producing the literal meaning “land of ____ people.” Ex: Egypta land (“Egypt”, literally “land of the Egyptians”), Siġelhearwena land (“Ethiopia”, literally “land of the Ethiopians”).
  • However, country names can also be formed other ways. For instance, words other than land are used: Dene (“a Dane”) → Denemearc (“Denmark”, literally “Dane borderland”). It is also very common to use the name of a people for the country they inhabit: On þām dagum wæs Alexander ġeboren on Crēcum swā swā miċel ȳst cōme ofer ealne middanġeard (“In those days, Alexander was born in Greece [lit. in the Greeks] like a great storm coming over the whole world”), Ymb twā ġēar þæs þe hē cōm of Francum, hē ġefōr (”Two years after he came from France [lit. from the Franks], he died”). In addition, country names are sometimes loaned directly from Latin: Arabia, Isrāēl, Italia, Syria. Finally, some country names are simply idiomatic: Norþweġ (“Norway”, literally “north way”).
  • Unlike most words, land undergoes i-umlaut when combined with the suffix -isċ: inlendisċ (“native”), uplendisċ (“rural”).

Declension[edit]

Declension of land (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative land land
accusative land land
genitive landes landa
dative lande landum
Derived prefix terms
Derived suffix terms
Derived national terms

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Noun[edit]

land ?

  1. Alternative spelling of lann

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
land
also lland after a proclitic 		land
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Norse[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Old Saxon land, Old Frisian land, lond, Old English land, lond, Old Dutch lant, Old High German lant, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land).

Noun[edit]

land n (genitive lands, plural lǫnd)

  1. land

Declension[edit]

  Declension of land (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit lǫnd lǫndin
accusative land landit lǫnd lǫndin
dative landi landinu lǫndum lǫndunum
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • land inGeir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *land. Cognate with Old English land, lond, Old Frisian land, lond, Dutch land, Old High German lant (German Land), Old Norse land (Swedish land), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land). The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Celtic *landā (Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”)).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

land n

  1. land

Declension[edit]

Declension of land (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative land land
accusative land land
genitive landes landō
dative lande landun
instrumental — —


Descendants[edit]

  • Middle Low German: lant

Old Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą.

Noun[edit]

land n

  1. land

Declension[edit]

  Declension of land (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit land landin
accusative land landit land landin
dative landi, lande landinu, landeno landum, landom landumin, landomen
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Descendants[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from German Land, from Middle High German lant, from Old High German lant, from Proto-West Germanic *land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

land m inan

  1. Land (federal state in Austria and Germany)
    Synonym: kraj związkowy
  2. (Poznań) countryside (rural area)
    Synonyms: prowincja, wieś

Declension[edit]

Declension of land
singular plural
nominative land landy
genitive landu landów
dative landowi landom
accusative land landy
instrumental landem landami
locative landzie landach
vocative landzie landy

Further reading[edit]

  • land in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • land in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from German Land.

Noun[edit]

land n (plural landuri)

  1. land (German and Austrian province)

Declension[edit]

Declension of land
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) land landul (niște) landuri landurile
genitive/dative (unui) land landului (unor) landuri landurilor
vocative landule landurilor

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from German Land.

Noun[edit]

land m (plural lands)

  1. one of the federal states of Germany
    • 2020 January 29, “El coronavirus ya se transmite fuera de China y se teme por su afectación al Mobile”, in La Vanguardia‎[3]:
      Alemania confirmó ayer los cuatro primeros casos de coronavirus de Wuhan en su territorio, todos pertenecientes a la misma empresa de componentes de automóvil del land alemán de Baviera.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Swedish land, from Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /land/, [l̪an̪ːd̪], (colloquial) /lan/
  • audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -and

Noun[edit]

land n

  1. a land, a country, a nation, a state
  2. (uncountable) land, ground, earth, territory; as opposed to sea or air
    Land i sikte! ― Land ho!
    Efter kriget tvangs förlorande staterna avträda mycket land.
    After the war, the losing states had to cede much land.
  3. (uncountable) land, countryside, earth, ground suitable for farming; as opposed to towns and cities
    livet på landet ― life in the countryside
    stad och land ― town and country
  4. a garden plot, short for trädgårdsland; small piece of ground for growing vegetables, flowers, etc.

Declension[edit]

Declension of land 1
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet länder länderna
Genitive lands landets länders ländernas
Declension of land 2-3
Uncountable
Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet — —
Genitive lands landets — —
Declension of land 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet land landen
Genitive lands landets lands landens

Synonyms[edit]

  • (country): nation
  • (neither sea nor air): backe, landbacke, mark
  • (ground suitable for farming): mark (owned land in general, for farming or not)

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Zealandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch lant.

Noun[edit]

land n (plural [please provide])

  1. land
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