realm

WOTD – 11 September 2008

English

Wikipedia ^en

Etymology

From Old French reaume, realme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen, Late Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is usually cited.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) enPR: rĕlm, IPA^(key): /rɛlm/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛlm

Noun

realm (plural realms)

1. An abstract sphere of influence, real or imagined.
   • 1907, Tada Kanai, translated by Arthur Lloyd, Seven Buddhist Sermons, "The World and How to Pass Through It"

     Why should we despise anything in the realm of Buddha?

   • 2006, Christian Neef, "Diary of a Collapsing Superpower", Spiegel Magazine, November 22,

     At home in Moscow, Mikhail Sergeyevitch Gorbachev, who had launched a campaign to rejuvenate the Soviet realm  […]

   • 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 23, page 19: 

     In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […]  The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.

2. The domain of a certain abstraction.
   • 1922, Judson Eber Conant,The Church The Schools and Evolution, "Truth Must be Classified Scientifically",

     One thing more which the scientific man does is to accord primacy to that realm of truth which is primary in importance.

3. (formal or law) A territory or state, as ruled by a specific power, and particularly those territories ruled by a king.
   • 1874, Horatio Alger, Brave and Bold, Chapter XXXI,

     And, of this island realm, he and his companion were the undisputed sovereigns.

   • 1913, Leslie Alexander Toke, Catholic Encyclopedia, "St. Dunstan",

     Then seeing his life was threatened he fled the realm and crossed over to Flanders, […]

Synonyms

• (A territory or state): country, land, kingdom
• (A sphere of activity or influence): field, province

Derived terms

terms derived from realm

abstract realm Commonwealth realm custom of the realm Eastern Realm experience realm floristic realm Ice Realm in the realm of shades

Northern Realm realm of banking realm of fantasy realm of the dead realm of possibility Snow Realm Southern Realm Western Realm

Translations

sphere or influence

• Basque: alor, arlo
• Danish: sfære c
• Dutch: sfeer (nl) m, rijk (nl) n, wereld (nl) m
• Finnish: valtapiiri
• Georgian: სფერო (sp’ero)
• Greek: σφαίρα (el) f (sfaíra)
• Hebrew: תחום (he) m (tkhoom)
• Icelandic: ríki (is) n, veldi (is) n

• Indonesian: alam (id)
• Italian: reame m, regno (it) m, dominio {f}, sfera (it) f
• Macedonian: област f (óblast), сфера f (sféra)
• Portuguese: domínio (pt) m, campo (pt) m, reino (pt) m
• Russian: область (ru) f (óblast’), сфера (ru) f (sféra)
• Spanish: esfera (es) f
• Swedish: sfär (sv) c

domain of an abstraction

• Dutch: domein (nl), rijk (nl) n
• Finnish: piiri (fi), alue (fi)

• French: domaine (fr) m
• Macedonian: домен m (dómen)

territory or state

• Armenian: թագավորություն (tʿagavorutʿyun)
• Basque: erresuma, erreinu
• Czech: říše f
• Danish: rige n
• Dutch: rijk (nl) n, koninkrijk (nl) n
• Finnish: valtakunta (fi), kuningaskunta (fi)
• French: royaume (fr) m
• Georgian: სამეფო (samep’o)
• German: Reich (de) n, Königreich (de) n
• Greek: βασίλειο (el) n (vasíleio), κράτος (el) n (krátos)
• Hebrew: ממלכה f (mamlakha)
• Hungarian: birodalom (hu)

• Icelandic: ríki (is) n
• Italian: reame m, regno (it) m
• Japanese: 王国 (ja) (おうこく ōkoku)
• Macedonian: кралство n (králstvo), царство n (cárstvo)
• Mongolian: вант улс (vant uls)
• Old English: rīċe n, cynedōm m
• Portuguese: reino (pt) m
• Russian: королевство (ru) n (korolévstvo), царство (ru) n (čárstvo)
• Spanish: reino (es) m
• Swedish: rike (sv) n
• Telugu: రాజ్యం (te) (rājyaṃ)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Macedonian: ^{(please verify)} Кралство (Kralstvo)
• Albanian: ^{(please verify)} shtet
• Mandarin: ^{(please verify)} 領土, ^{(please verify)} 领土
• Korean: ^{(please verify)} 영역 (yeong-yeok)
• Northern Sami: ^{(please verify)} riika

Anagrams

• lamer, maerl, Maler, marle