de

See also: Appendix:Variations of "de"

Translingual

Etymology

From French de.

Symbol

de

1. (radio slang) from (operator), this is (operator)

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English

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• dee (Northumbria)

Verb

de (third-person singular simple present diz, present participle dein, simple past did, past participle dyun)

1. (Northumbria) To do.

References

• The New Geordie Dictionary, Frank Graham, 1987, →ISBN
• Newcastle 1970s, Scott Dobson and Dick Irwin, [2]
• Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
• A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Article

de

1. (African-American Vernacular, Bermuda, Caribbean, Jamaican) Pronunciation spelling of the.

Etymology 3

Interjection

de

1. A meaningless syllable used when singing a tune or indicating a rhythm.

   "Dum de dum, dum de dum", he hummed as he sauntered down the road.

Anagrams

• -ed, -èd, E.D., ED, Ed, Ed., ed, ed-, ed.

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Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• der (prevocalic)
• dr (Bern)

Article

de

1. (definite) the

Declension

Alemannic German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative/Accusative	de dr (Bern)	d	s ds (Bern)	d
Dative	em	der	em	de

• Masculine nominative/accusative singular de has the form der before a vowel, e.g. der alt Maa ‘the old man’
• Dative plural de has the form den before a vowel, e.g. den alte Fraue ‘(to) the old women’
• Feminine singular d and plural d have the variant di before an adjective, e.g. di jung Mueter ‘the young mother’

Other forms include:

• Nominative masculine: der (preconsonantic & prevocalic)
• Nominative feminine and plural: d- (attached before a word, whose capital remains a capital), d'- (attached before a word, whose capital remains a capital)
• Nominative neuter: das; s'- (attached before a word, whose capital remains a capital)

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Asturian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of, from

Usage notes

• The preposition de contracts to d' before a word beginning with a vowel or h-: d'Asturies (“of Asturias”), d'hermanu (“of a brother”).

Derived terms

• d'
• del

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Bambara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dè]

Particle

de

1. emphatic particle

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Noun

de inan

1. The name of the Latin-script letter D.

Declension

Declension of de (inan, -V)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	de	dea	deak
ergative	dek	deak	deek
dative	deri	deari	deei
genitive	deren	dearen	deen
comitative	derekin	dearekin	deekin
causative	derengatik	dearengatik	deengatik
benefactive	derentzat	dearentzat	deentzat
instrumental	dez	deaz	deez
inessive	detan	dean	deetan
locative	detako	deko	deetako
allative	detara	dera	deetara
terminative	detaraino	deraino	deetaraino
directive	detarantz	derantz	deetarantz
destinative	detarako	derako	deetarako
ablative	detatik	detik	deetatik
partitive	derik	―	―
prolative	detzat	―	―

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta

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Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈde/

Noun

de f (plural des)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter D.

Etymology 2

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /də/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /de/

Preposition

de (before vowel or h d')

1. of, from

Further reading

• “de” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

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Cebuano

Etymology

From Spanish de.

Preposition

de

1. (dated) of, from (only in names with Spanish origins or in phrases with Spanish construct)

   hopia de Cebu

   Cebu's hopia or hopia of/from Cebu

   Isabel biyuda de Cortes

   Maria widow of Cortes

Related terms

• del, dela

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Central Franconian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /də/

Article

de (definite, reduced)

1. (most dialects) feminine nominative and accusative
2. (most dialects) plural nominative and accusative
3. (many dialects) plural dative
4. (some dialects) masculine nominative
5. (some dialects) masculine accusative
6. (few dialects) feminine dative

Usage notes

• (masculine): Three territories must be distinguished: 1.) Ripuarian, in which the accusative takes the form of the nominative; 2.) western Moselle Franconian, in which the nominative takes the form of the accusative; 3.) eastern Moselle Franconian, in which nominative and accusative are distinct.

1.) In Ripuarian, the reduced masculine article in nominative and accusative is de only in a few places, including Bonn; most dialects have der. The full form is always dä.

2.) In western Moselle Franconian, the form is de, but becomes den before vowels, h-, and dental consonants. The full form is dän.

3.) In eastern Moselle Franconian, the reduced masculine article in the nominative is de in many dialects, der in others. The full form is där. The accusative takes den (full form: dän).

• (feminine): Virtually all dialects use de as the reduced feminine article in nominative and accusative. The full form is die. In the dative, de is used in a few dialects of Ripuarian; the general form is der. The full form may be där or dä.
• (plural): Virtually all dialects use de as the reduced plural article in nominative and accusative. The full form is die. In the dative, de is used in most dialects of Ripuarian. In Moselle Franconian the form is the same as the masculine accusative (see above). The full form of the dative plural may be dä, dän, or däne.
• Westernmost Ripuarian has no case distinction whatsoever. Only the nominative forms are relevant for these dialects.

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Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• di (Luserna)

Article

de

1. (Sette Comuni) the; definite article for four declensions:
   1. nominative singular feminine
   2. accusative singular feminine
   3. nominative plural

      De diarn zeint bille un de puuben noch mèeront.

      The girls are silly, and the boys even more so.

   4. accusative plural

See also

Cimbrian definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	dar	de / di	's / z	de / di
Accusative	in	de / di	's / z	de / di
Dative	me	dar	me	in

References

• “de” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

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Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of

Related terms

• dei

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di/, [d̥i]
• Rhymes: -i

Etymology

From Old Danish thē, from Old Norse þeir, from Proto-Germanic *þai.

Article

de pl

1. plural definite article

   de grønne huse

   the green houses

See also

• den (common gender singular)
• det (neuter gender singular)

Pronoun

de (as a personal pronoun, it has the forms dem in the oblique case and deres in the genitive; as a determiner, it is uninflected)

1. (personal pronoun) they (third-person plural)
2. (personal pronoun, nonstandard) they (gender-neutral third-person singular)
3. (determiner) those

   De kager smager ikke godt.

   Those cakes are not delicious.

   • 2000, Mon farven har en anden lyd?: strejftog i 90'ernes musikliv og ungdomskultur i Danmark, Museum Tusculanum Press →ISBN, page 90

     De huse er meget store, både som sommerhuse og som helårshuse for de gamle hvis de flytter tilbage som pensionister uden børnene.

     Those houses are very large, both as summerhouses and all-year-houses for the old people, if they move back, being retired, without their children.

   • 2015, Lynne Graham, Claire Baxter, Den lunefulde kærlighed/Min bedste ven, min elskede, Förlaget Harlequin AB →ISBN

     De borde var normalt forbeholdt VIP'erne og arrangørerne.

     Those tables were usually reserved for the VIP's and the arrangers.

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					common	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	mig	min	mit	mine
	Second	modern / informal	du	dig	din	dit	dine
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine (person)	han	ham	hans
		feminine (person)	hun	hende	hendes
		common(noun)	den		dens
		neuter(noun)	det		dets
		reflexive	–	sig	sin	sit	sine
Plural	First	modern	vi	os	vores
		archaic / formal			vor	vort	vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres
		reflexive	–	sig

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Dutch

Etymology

An unstressed variety of Middle Dutch die. See die for more information.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /də/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: de
• Rhymes: -ə

Article

de

1. the (definite article, masculine and feminine singular, plural)

   De man ― The man (masculine singular)

   De vrouw ― The woman (feminine singular)

   Het boek ― The book (neuter singular)

   De boeken ― The books (neuter plural)

   De oude man en de zee. ― The old man and the sea.

Usage notes

• Placed before masculine and feminine nouns in the singular and plural nouns of all genders, indicating a specific person or thing instead of a general case.

Inflection

Dutch definite article

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	de	de	het	de
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	den	der	den	den
Accusative	den	de	het	de

• There is also the clitic form 's for des. The oblique cases are archaic and found in contemporary Dutch only in fixed idiomatic phrases (e.g., op den duur or des ochtends).

Derived terms

• dezelfde

Descendants

• Afrikaans: die

See also

• dé
• een
• het

Anagrams

• e.d.

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Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin dē, French de, Spanish de.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /de/
• Hyphenation: de

Preposition

de

1. from

   Mi ne aĉetas ion ajn de ĉi tiu vendejo!

   I don't buy anything at all from this store!

2. of, possessed by

   La aŭto de Davido estas nigra.

   David's car is black.

3. done, written or composed by

   Ĉu vi havas esperantan tradukon de Drakulo de Bram Stoker?

   Do you have an Esperanto translation of Dracula by Bram Stoker?

   La viro estis mordita de hundo.

   The man was bitten by a dog.

   Synonyms: far, fare de

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Fala

Etymology

From Old Portuguese de, from Latin dē (“of; from”).

Preposition

de

1. of
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:

     Español falan millós de persoas.

     Millions of people speak Spanish.

Usage notes

Contractions:

• de + o: do
• de + os: dos
• de + a: da
• de + as: das

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Faroese

Noun

de n (genitive singular des, plural de)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter D.

Declension

Declension of de
n4	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	de	deið	de	deini
accusative	de	deið	de	deini
dative	de, dei	denum	deum	deunum
genitive	des	desins	dea	deanna

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) bókstavur; a / fyrra a, á, be, de, edd, e, eff, ge, há, i / fyrra i, í / fyrra í, jodd, ká, ell, emm, enn, o, ó, pe, err, ess, te, u, ú, ve, seinna i, seinna í, seinna a, ø

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French

Etymology 1

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /də/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ə

Preposition

de

1. of (expresses belonging)
   • 1837, Louis Viardot, chapter I, in L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche^{fr.Wikisource}, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra:

     Dans une bourgade de la Manche, dont je ne veux pas me rappeler le nom, vivait, il n’y a pas longtemps, un hidalgo ....

     In a village of La Mancha, whose name I do not want to remember, lived, not long ago, an hidalgo ....

   Paris est la capitale de la France. ― Paris is the capital of France.

2. of (used to express property or association)

   Œuvres de Fermat ― Fermat’s Works

   Elle est la femme de mon ami. ― She is my friend’s wife.

   le voisin de Gabriel ― Gabriel's neighbor

3. from (used to indicate origin)

   Elle vient de France. ― She comes from France.

   Êtes-vous de Suisse ? ― Are you from Switzerland?

   Ce fromage vient d’Espagne. ― This cheese is from Spain.

   C’est de l’ouest de la France. ― It’s from the west of France.

   Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux. ― The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux.

4. of (indicates an amount)

   5 kilos de pommes. ― 5 kilograms of apples.

   Un verre de vin ― A glass of wine

   Une portion de frites ― A portion of fries

5. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word

   Un jus de pomme ― Apple juice

   Un verre de vin ― A glass of wine

   Une boîte de nuit ― A nightclub

   Un chien de garde ― A guarddog

   Une voiture de sport ― A sportscar

   Un stade de football ― A football stadium

6. from (used to indicate the start of a time or range)

   De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre. ― From 9 to 11 I won’t be free.

   Je travaille de huit heures à midi. ― I work from 8 o'clock to noon.

   un groupe de cinq à huit personnes ― a group of [from] five to eight people

7. used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translated into English as a gerund or an infinitive

   J’ai arrêté de fumer. ― I stopped smoking.

   Il continue de m’embêter. ― He keeps annoying me.

   Elle m’a dit de venir. ― She told me to come.

   Nous vous exhortons de venir. ― We urge you to come.

8. by (indicates the amount of change)

   Boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. ― Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illness by 20%.

Usage notes

Before a word beginning with a vowel sound, de elides to d’. Before the article le, it contracts with the article into du, as shown in the example above. Before the article les, it contracts with the article into des.

Le Songe d’une nuit d’été — “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” (Literally, “The Dream of a night of summer”)

La queue du chien — “The dog’s tail”

Index des auteurs — “Index of the authors”

Article

de (interrogative) (negative, negation)

1. (indefinite) some; any (in questions or negatives)

   Je voudrais de la viande. ― I would like some meat.

   Est-ce qu'il y a de la bonne musique ? ― Is there any good music?

   Nous cherchons du lait. ― We're looking for some milk.

2. (negative) (pas de) a, an, any

   Elle a pas de mère. ― She doesn't have a mother.

   Il a pas de crayon. ― He doesn't have a pencil.

   J'ai pas de temps. ― I don't have any time.

Usage notes

In the positive, de is usually used with a definite article, as in the examples. In the negative, without an article.

Derived terms

• (contractions): d’, du, des

Etymology 2

Noun

d^e (plural d^es)

1. Abbreviation of dame.

See also

• d^lle
• s^r

Further reading

• “de” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• ed, éd.

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Galician

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

de

1. of, from

Usage notes

The preposition de contracts to d- before articles, before third-person tonic pronouns, and before the determiners algún and outro.

Derived terms

• da, das, do, dos
• dalgún, dalgunha, dalgunhas, dalgúns
• del, dela, delas, deles
• dun, dunha, dunhas, duns
• doutra, doutras, doutro, doutros

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Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French deux (“two”)

Numeral

de

1. two

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdɛ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -dɛ

Adverb

de (not comparable)

1. how!, very much

   De szép ez a ház! ― Oh, how beautiful that house is!

Synonyms

• be (dated, poetic)
• milyen
• mennyire

Conjunction

de

1. but

   Synonyms: viszont, azonban, ám, ugyanakkor, ellenben

2. (oh) yes!, surely! (used as a positive contradiction to a negative statement)

   Synonym: de igen

   Nem voltál itt! - De ott voltam. ― You weren't here! - Yes I was!

Derived terms

• ámde
• dehogy
• dehát
• deviszont

(Expressions):

• a lélek kész, de a test erőtlen

See also

• csak
• dehát
• és
• mégis

Further reading

• (adverb): de in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
• (conjunction): de in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
• de in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress)

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Hunsrik

Alternative forms

• te (Wiesemann spelling system)

Etymology

From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tə/

Article

de (definite)

1. inflection of där:
   1. unstressed nominative/accusative singular masculine
   2. unstressed dative singular feminine
   3. unstressed dative plural all genders

Declension

Hunsrik definite articles

	nominative		accusative		dative
	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
Masculine	där	de	där	de	dem
Feminine	die		die		där	de
Neuter	das		das		dem
Plural	die		die		den	de

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

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Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from French de and Spanish de.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/, /dɛ/

Preposition

de

1. from (indicating departure, dependency, starting point, origin or derivation)

   Me kompris la frukti de la merkato.

   I bought the fruits from the market.

2. of (with a noun: indicating measurement, quantity, amount, content)

   Me esis un de kin en la konkurso.

   I was one of five in the competition.

   Me prizas tre multe tasego de kafeo ye la matino.

   I really like a big cup of coffee in the morning.

3. of (with an adjective: indicating measurement, dimension)

   Me havas tri boteli plena de aquo.

   I have three bottles of water.

4. with a title of nobility

   Rejio de Anglia

   Queen of England

Antonyms

• ad (“to”)
• til (“until, till”)

Derived terms

• de-
• del (“from the”)

Related terms

• di (“of (indicates possession or association)”)
• da (“by”)

Noun

de (plural de-i)

1. The name of the Latin script letter D/d.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze ^{(Category: io:Latin letter names)}

See also

• ek (“out of, out from”)

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Interlingua

Preposition

de

1. from
2. since
3. of
4. with
5. by means of
6. to
7. for

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Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish di (“of, from”)

Alternative forms

• d’ (used before a vowel sound)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʲɛ/, /dʲə/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /ɡə/

Preposition

de (plus dative, triggers lenition, used only before consonant sounds)

1. from
2. of

Inflection

Inflection of de

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	díom	díomsa
2d person sing.	díot	díotsa
3d sing. masc.	de	desean
3d sing. fem.	di	dise
1st person pl.	dínn	dínne
2d person pl.	díbh	díbhse
3d person pl.	díobh	díobhsan

Derived terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
fara (“along with, beside”)	fairis an	fairis na	fara mo	fara do	farana	faranár	faranar		faranarb	faranarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

See also: Category:Irish phrasal verbs with particle (de)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish de (“of/from him”).

Alternative forms

• dhe, dó, dhó

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʲɛ/

Pronoun

de (emphatic desean)

1. third-person singular masculine of de

Further reading

• "de" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 de, di”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Entries containing “de” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “de” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Italian

Contraction

de

1. Apocopic form of del

   Michael Radford è il regista de "Il postino". ― Michael Radford is the director of "Il Postino".

Usage notes

De is used where del, della, etc, would ordinarily be used, but cannot be because the article is part of the title of a film, book, etc.

See also

• ne

Anagrams

• ed

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Japanese

Romanization

de

1. Rōmaji transcription of で
2. Rōmaji transcription of デ

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Jersey Dutch

Etymology

Cognate to Dutch de (“the”).

Article

de

1. the
   • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:

     De v'lôrene zön

     The prodigal (literally "lost") son

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Ladin

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of, from

Derived terms

• dl
• dla
• di
• dles

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Ladino

Preposition

de (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling די)

1. of
   • 2019, Silvyo OVADYA, “Hanukah Alegre”, in Şalom Gazetesi‎^[3]:

     Alhad la noche vamos a asender la primera kandela de muestras Hanukiyas.

     Sunday night we're going to light the first candle of our Hanukiyas.

2. from

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Lashi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Noun

de

1. wealth

References

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎^[4], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

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Latin

Etymology 1

From Etruscan. Etruscan names of stops were the stop followed by /eː/.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /deː/, [d̪eː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /de/, [d̪ɛ]

Noun

dē f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter D.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

• de in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• de in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• de in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• de in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *de. Also in suffixes -dam, -dum, -de, -dō (e.g. quondam, inde, unde, quandō), dōnec, Ancient Greek δέ (dé), δή (dḗ), English to.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /deː/, [d̪eː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /de/, [d̪ɛ]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Preposition

dē (+ ablative)

1. of, concerning, about
   • 1774, Finnur Jónsson, Historia Ecclesiastica Islandiæ 1:

     De introductione religionis Christianæ in Islandiam.

     Of the introduction of Christianity to Iceland.

   De rebus mathematicis. ― Concerning mathematical things.

2. from, away from, down from, out of; in general to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds.

   Emere de aliquo. ― To buy from someone.

   Aliquid mercari de aliquo. ― To buy something from someone.

   De aliquo quaerere, quid, etc., C ― To search for someone.

   Saepe hoc audivi de patre. ― I have often heard this from father.

   De mausoleo exaudita vox est. ― A voice was heard from the mausoleum.

   Ut sibi liceret discere id de me. ― Just as he himself permitted for me to learn.

   Hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   Brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   De digito anulum detraho. ― From the finger I pull the ring.

   De matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) (literally, “I rip someone away from the embrace of their mother and drag them away.”)

   Nomen suum de tabula sustulit. ― He removed his name from the tablet.

   Ferrum de manibus extorsimus. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) (literally, “We wrench away from hands of iron.”)

   Juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest. ― The utility of a law is able to be produced either from an expert or from books.

   De caelo aliquid demittere. ― To bring down something from the sky.

   1. with petere, of a place

      De vicino terra petita solo. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   2. (Late Latin) of persons

      Peto de te. ― I beg of thee.

3. from, away from, to indicate the place from which someone or something departs or withdraws.

   Animam de corpore mitto. ― I release the spirit from the body.

   Aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   Civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent. ― He persuaded the people to go forth from their territories with all their possessions.

   Decedere de provincia. ― To retire from office.

   De vita decedere. ― To withdraw from life

   Exire de vita. ― to exit out of life.

   (compare excedere e vita)

   De triclinio, de cubiculo exire. ― To go out from the triclinium, from the cubiculum.

   De castris procedere. ― To proceed out of the military camps.

   ...decido de lecto praeceps. ― I fall down from the bed headlong.

   De muro se deicere. ― To throw oneself down from the wall.

   De sella exsilire. ― To jump from the stool.

   Nec ex equo vel de muro etc., hostem destinare. ― To aim at the enemy from neither the horse nor the wall.

   De altera parte tertia Sequanos decedere juberet. ― He ordered the Sequani to withdraw from another third part.

Usage notes

• Dē denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point (it occupies a middle place between ab (“away from”) which denotes a mere external departure, and ex (“out of”) which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with dē are constructed not only with dē, but quite as frequently with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by dē.

Derived terms

• dēex
• dēmum
• dēniquē
• dēterior
• sexāgēnārios dē ponte
• susque dēque

Descendants

• Aragonese: de
• Asturian: de
• Aromanian: di
• Catalan: de
• Corsican: di
• Dalmatian: de
• → Esperanto: de
• Franco-Provençal: de
• French: de
• Friulian: di
• Galician: de
• → Ido: de

• → Interlingua: de
• Italian: di
• Ladin: de
• Ladino: de
• Mozarabic: ذي‎ (de)
• Neapolitan: 'e
• Occitan: de
• Portuguese: de
• Romanian: de
• Romansch: da
• Sicilian: di
• Spanish: de

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Ligurian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Etymology 1

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of
2. from

de + article	Combined form
de + o	do
de + a	da
de + i	di
de + e	de

Etymology 2

de (“of, from”, preposition) + e (“the (fem. plur.)”, article)

Contraction

de

1. of the, from the (followed by a plural feminine noun)

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Low German

Alternative forms

• dee (for the pronoun)
• dei

Etymology

From Middle Low German dê, from Old Saxon thē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deː/, /deɪ/, /dɛɪ̯/

Article

de m or f (neuter dat, plural de)

1. the
   • De Mann gat hen. ― The man walks [lit. goes] there.
   • De Fru geiht hen. ― The woman walks [lit. goes] there.
   • dat Sakramänt der Eihe (Paderbornisch) ― the sacrament of marriage

Usage notes

• Dative and accusative are sometimes called 'object case'. However, most (if not all) dialects have not actually merged these two.
• There is the only plural article and like English 'the' is used for nouns of every gender and class. Indefinite nouns in plural are used without article, again as in English.

Declension

	Sg. m.	Sg. f.	Sg. n.	Pl.
Nom.	de	de	dat	de
Gen.	des	der		der
Dat.	dem den	der de		den
Acc.	den	de	dat	de

Pronoun

de m or f (neuter dat)

1. (relative) which, that
   • de Mann, de dår güng ― the man, which walked there
   • de Mann, den wi hüert häbben ― the man, which we hired
   • de Fru, de wi hüert hębben ― the woman, which we have hired
   • dat Schipp, dat wi sailt hębben ― the ship that we have sailed

Usage notes

• The use as a relative pronoun might not be present in all dialects.

Declension

	Sg. m.	Sg. f.	Sg. n.	Pl.
Nom.	de	de	dat	de
Gen.
Dat.
Acc.	den	de	dat	de

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Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [də]

Pronoun

de

1. unstressed form of du

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

		nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
		str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular		ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (informal)		du	de	dech	—	dir	der	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (formal)		Dir	Der	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech
3rd person singular	m	hien	en	hien	en	him	em	sech
	f	si	se	si	se	hir	er	sech
	n	hatt	et ('t)	hatt	et ('t)	him	em	sech
1st person plural		mir	mer	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)
2nd person plural		dir	der	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech
3rd person plural		si	se	si	se	hinnen	en	sech

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Mandarin

Romanization

de (Zhuyin ˙ㄉㄜ)

1. Pinyin transcription of 地
2. Pinyin transcription of 底
3. Pinyin transcription of 得
4. Pinyin transcription of 的
5. Pinyin transcription of 脦
6. Pinyin transcription of 𠵨
7. Pinyin transcription of の

de

1. Nonstandard spelling of dē.
2. Nonstandard spelling of dé.
3. Nonstandard spelling of dè.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Mauritian Creole

Mauritian Creole cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : de     Ordinal : deziem     Adverbial : ledoub

Etymology

From French deux.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Numeral

de

1. two

Derived terms

• de trwa

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Middle Dutch

Article

de

1. inflection of die:
   1. masculine nominative singular
   2. feminine nominative/accusative singular
   3. nominative/accusative plural

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Middle English

Etymology 1

Pronoun

de

1. Alternative form of þe (“thee”)

Etymology 2

Noun

de

1. Alternative form of dee

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Middle French

Preposition

de

1. of
2. from

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Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of, from

   Pertual ye un paíç localizado ne l sudoeste de la Ouropa. ― Portugal is a country located in the south-west of Europe.

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Mòcheno

Etymology

From Middle High German diu, from Old High German diu, from Proto-Germanic *þō, an alteration of *sō. Cognate with German die, obsolete English tho.

Article

de (singular masculine der, singular neuter s)

1. the, nominative singular feminine definite article
2. the, nominative plural definite article

References

• “de” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

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Northern Kurdish

Postposition

de

1. an element of several circumpositions

Related terms

• di ... de
• li ... de
• ji ... de

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Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dàì.

Adjective

-de

1. tall

Inflection

Adjective concord, tone L
	Modifier	Copulative
1st singular	engimude	ngimude
2nd singular	omude	umude
1st plural	esibade	sibade
2nd plural	elibade	libade
Class 1	omude	mude
Class 2	abade	bade
Class 3	omude	mude
Class 4	emide	mide
Class 5	elide	lide
Class 6	amade	made
Class 7	eside	side
Class 8	ezinde	zinde
Class 9	ende	inde
Class 10	ezinde	zinde
Class 11	olude	lude
Class 14	obude	bude
Class 15	okude	kude
Class 17	okude	kude

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Northern Sami

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈte/

Conjunction

de

1. then, after that
2. then, in that case

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Adverb

de

1. yes

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Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /diː/

Article

de

1. definite article, equivalent to "the", used before adjectives used with plural nouns; also used before adjectives converted to nouns. Usually capitalised as "De" when used in proper nouns.

Related terms

• den
• det

Pronoun

de (accusative dem, genitive deres)

1. they
2. those

See also

    Personal pronouns in Bokmål

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					feminine	masculine	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	meg	mi	min	mitt	mine
	Second	–	du	deg	di	din	ditt	dine
	Third	feminine (person)	hun	henne	hennes
		masculine (person)	han	han/ham	hans
		feminine (noun)	den		dens
		masculine (noun)
		neuter(noun)	det		dets
		reflexive	–	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine
Plural	First	–	vi	oss	vår		vårt	våre
	Second	–	dere	dere	deres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres

References

• “de” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þér, ér and þit, it. From a variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

Pronoun

de (objective case dykk, possessive dykkar)

1. you (second-person plural)

Synonyms

• dokker

See also

    Personal pronouns in Nynorsk

Number	Person	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive / Genetive
				feminine	masculine	neuter	plural
Singular	First	eg, je1	meg	mi	min	mitt	mine
	Second	du	deg	di	din	ditt	dine
	Third (reflexive)	—	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine
	Third (masculine)	han	han, honom1	hans
	Third (feminine)	ho	ho, henne	hennar, hennes1
	Third (neuter)	det		dess2
Plural	First	me, vi	oss	vår		vårt	våre
	Second	de, dokker	dykk, dokker	dykkar, dokkar
	Third	dei	dei, deim1	deira, deires1

¹Obsolete. ³Rare or literary.

Etymology 2

From French de, Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. used in set expressions (such as de jure); translates to "from" and "of"

Etymology 3

Pronoun

de

1. (Midlandsnormalen) form removed with the spelling reform of 1917; superseded by det

Article

de n

1. (Midlandsnormalen) form removed with the spelling reform of 1917; superseded by det

References

• “de” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Occitan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of
2. from

Alternative forms

• d' (before a vowel)

Etymology 2

Noun

de f (plural des)

1. dee (the letter d, D)

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Old French

Etymology

Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of
2. from

Usage notes

• before a vowel, either remains as a separate word or becomes d'

Derived terms

• del (de + le)

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Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʲe/

Preposition

de

1. Alternative form of di (“of, from”)

Pronoun

de

1. third-person singular masculine of di (“of, from”)

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Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin dē

Preposition

de

1. of
2. from

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Old Portuguese

Alternative forms

• d- (elided form when followed by a word which begins with a vowel)
• D- (elided form when followed by a capitalised word which begins with a vowel)

Etymology

From Latin dē (“of; from”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Preposition

de

1. of
   • 13th century C.E., Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , To codex, cantiga 5 (facsimile):

     Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.

     This 19th is how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer the great pains she underwent.

Descendants

• Fala: de
• Galician: de
• Portuguese: de

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Pennsylvania German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /də/

Etymology

Compare German den.

Article

de pl (definite)

1. the

Declension

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	es	die
Accusative	der	die	es	die
Dative	dem	der	em	de

Pronoun

de

1. you

Declension

Declension of de

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative
1st - Singular	ich	mich	mir mer (unstressed)
2nd - Singular	du de (unstressed)	dich	dir der (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Masculine	er	ihn en (unstressed)	ihm em (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Feminine	sie se (unstressed)	sie se (unstressed)	ihre re (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Neuter	es	es	ihm em (unstressed)
1st - Plural	mir mer (unstressed)	uns	uns
2nd - Plural	dihr der (unstressed)	eich	eich
3rd - Plural	sie	sie	ihne ne (unstressed)
2nd - Polite	Sie	Sie	Ihne Ne (unstressed)

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Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Verb

de (auxiliary, Perso-Arabic spelling دےۡ)

1. Past tense marker

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[6], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

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Portuguese

Alternative forms

• d' (archaic, except for fixed terms)

Etymology

From Old Portuguese de (“of”), from Latin dē (“of”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒi/
  • (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /de/
  • (Nordestino) IPA^(key): /di/
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /di/
• Homophone: dê (only when stressed)

Preposition

de

2. of (in relation to)
   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 138:

     O protesto de Hermione foi abafado por uma risadinha alta.

     Hermione's objection was interrupted by a loud little laugh.

   os amigos dele

   his friends

   (literally, “the friends of his”)

   2. of (forms compounds; often untranslated)

      fones de ouvido

      headphones

      (literally, “phones of ear”)

      acampamento de verão

      summer camp

   4. of; about (on the subject of)

      Do que estavam falando?

      What were they talking about?

   6. of; -'s (belonging to)

      a casa de alguém

      someone's house

   8. -'s (made by)

      Você provou o bolo da minha mãe?

      have you tried my mother’s cake?

   10. of (being a part of)

       capa do livro

       cover of the book

   12. of (introduces the month a given day is part of)

       Primeiro de janeiro.

       First of January.

   14. of (introduces the object of an agent noun)

       Hitler foi um exterminador de judeus.

       Hitler was an exterminator of Jews.

   16. of (introduces the name of a place following its hypernym)

       A vila de Iorque.

       The village of York.

4. of; -en (made or consisting of)

   De que é feito?

   What is this made of?

   (literally, “Of what is made this?”)

   2. -long (having the duration of)

      um filme de duas horas

      a two hour-long movie

   4. of (indicates the composition of a given collective or quantitative noun)

      Milhares de pessoas vieram.

      Thousands of people came.

   6. of (characterised by; having the given quality)

      O templo não é mais um local de paz.

      The temple is no longer a place of peace.

6. of (introduces the noun that applies a given adjective or past participle)

   Um balde cheio de água.

   A bucket full of water.

8. from (born in or coming out of)

   De onde você é?

   Where are you from?

10. by means of; by

    Eu sempre vou trabalhar de ônibus.

    I always go to work by bus.

12. as (in the role of)

    Na festa, ele estava de bruxo.

    At the party, he was dressed as a wizard.

14. in (wearing)

    Homens de Preto

    Men in Black

Usage notes

Used in the following contractions:

• da (de + a)
• dacolá (de + acolá)
• dalgures (de + algures)
• dali (de + ali)
• dalém (de + além)
• dantes (de + antes)
• daquela (de + aquela)
• daquelas (de + aquelas)
• daquele (de + aquele)

• daqueles (de + aqueles)
• daqui (de + aqui)
• daquilo (de + aquilo)
• daquém (de + aquém)
• das (de + as)
• daí (de + aí)
• dela (de + ela)
• delas (de + elas)
• dele (de + ele)

• deles (de + eles)
• dentre (de + entre)
• dessa (de + essa)
• dessas (de + essas)
• desse (de + esse)
• desses (de + esses)
• desta (de + esta)
• destas (de + estas)
• deste (de + este)

• destes (de + estes)
• destoutra (de + estoutra)
• destoutro (de + estoutro)
• disso (de + isso)
• disto (de + isto)
• do (de + o)
• donde (de + onde)
• dos (de + os)

• doutra (de + outra)
• doutras (de + outras)
• doutro (de + outro)
• doutros (de + outros)
• dum (de + um)
• duma (de + uma)
• dumas (de + umas)
• duns (de + uns)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:de.

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Romanian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/
• Rhymes: -e

Preposition

de (+accusative)

1. from

   Casa mea nu este departe de aici. ― My house is not far from here.

2. of

   o ceașcă de ceai ― a cup of tea

   un profesor de matematică ― a professor of mathematics

3. by

   o carte scrisă de Marin Preda. ― a book written by Marin Preda

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Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) di
• (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) gi

Etymology

From Latin diēs.

Noun

de m (plural des)

1. (Surmiran) day

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Sardinian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈde/, /ˈðe/

Preposition

de

1. Used to indicate possession, after the thing owned and before the owner; of; ’s
2. from
3. by, of, ’s
4. than
5. Used in superlative forms; in, of
6. about, on, concerning
7. Expresses composition; of, made of, in or more often omitted
8. (followed by an infinitive) to or omitted
9. Used in some expressions in a partitive-like function, often without article.

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Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• dhe

Etymology

From Old Irish di. Cognates include Irish de and Manx jeh.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʲe/

Preposition

de (+ dative, triggers lenition)

1. of
2. off

Inflection

Personal inflection of de
Number	Person	Simple	Emphatic
Singular	1st	dhìom	dhìomsa
	2nd	dhìot	dhìotsa
	3rd m	dheth	dhethsan
	3rd f	dhith	dhithse
Plural	1st	dhinn	dhinne
	2nd	dhibh	dhibhse
	3rd	dhiubh	dhiubhsan

Derived terms

• bhàrr (“down from, from off”)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kъdě, *kъde, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷu-dʰe.

Adverb

de (Cyrillic spelling де)

1. (Kajkavian, regional) where

Pronoun

de (Cyrillic spelling де)

1. (Kajkavian, regional) where

Synonyms

• gdje

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Seychellois Creole

Etymology

From French deux

Numeral

de

1. two

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Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dàì.

Adjective

-de

1. tall

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• (after a pause, 'l', 'm', 'n' and 'ñ') IPA^(key): /de/, [d̪e]
• (elsewhere) IPA^(key): /de/, [ð̞e̞]

• Audio (Latin America)

  (file)

• Audio (Spain)

  (file)

• Homophone: dé

• IPA^(key): /de/, [d̪e]
• Rhymes: -e

Etymology 1

Noun

de f (plural des)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter D.

Etymology 2

Spanish preposition “de” written as a ligature in capitals

Hand-painted preposition “DE” in the wild

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

1. of; ’s; used after the thing owned and before the owner

   Constitución española de 1812

   Spanish constitution of 1812

   la cola del perro

   the dog’s tail

2. from (with the source or provenance of or at)

   Soy de España.

   I’m from Spain.

   agua de manantial ― springwater

3. of (expressing composition, substance)

   una mesa de madera

   a wooden table

4. about (concerning; with regard to)

   Synonyms: sobre, acerca de

   Están hablando del pasado.

   They're talking about the past.

   tratarse de ― to be about; to concern

5. of, from (indicating cause)

   Murió de hambre.

   He died of hunger.

6. of (indicates a quality or characteristic)

   un hombre de fe

   a man of faith

7. from (with the origin, starting point or initial reference of or at)

   Synonym: desde

   el vuelo de Miami a Chicago

   the flight from Miami to Chicago

8. of (indicates the subject or cause of the adjective)

   harto de ― sick of; tired of

9. from (with the separation, exclusion or differentiation of)

   Nos protege del frío.

   It protects us from the cold.

10. than (in certain phrases)

    más de ― more than

    menos de ― less than, fewer than

11. Used to construct compound nouns (with attributive nouns).

    campamento de verano

    summer camp

12. (followed by the infinitive) Indicates a conditional desire.

    De haberlo sabido, no lo habría dicho.

    If I had known, I wouldn't have said it.

13. Indicates a time of day or period of someone's life.

    de día ― during the daytime

    de niño ― as a child; during childhood

14. (after a noun and before a verb) Indicates the purpose of an object.

    Synonym: para

    goma de mascar ― chewing gum

    caña de pescar ― fishing rod

Usage notes

• de combines with el to form del.

Derived terms

• del
• dequeísmo

Related terms

• desde

Further reading

• “de” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English there.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Verb

de

1. (copula) to be.

Particle

de

1. (dated) Alternative form of e.

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Swedish

Alternative forms

• (informal) dom
• (informal, dialectal) di

Etymology

From Old Norse þeir, from Proto-Germanic *þai (with noun ending -r).

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• (Sweden) IPA^(key): /dɔm/, (formal) IPA^(key): /deː/, (dialectal) IPA^(key): /diː/, IPA^(key): /dɪ/
• Homophones: det, D, d (if pronounced /deː/.)
• (Finland) IPA^(key): /diː/
• Rhymes: -eː

Pronoun

de (third-person plural nominative, dative and accusative dem, genitive deras, reflexive sig)

1. they
2. (colloquial, text messaging, Internet) Pronunciation spelling of det.

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					common	neuter	plural
singular	first	—	jag	mig, mej3	min	mitt	mina
	second	—	du	dig, dej3	din	ditt	dina
	third	masculine (person)	han	honom, han2	hans
		feminine (person)	hon	henne	hennes
		gender-neutral (person)1	hen	henom, hen2	hens
		common (noun)	den	den	dess
		neuter (noun)	det	det	dess
		indefinite	man or en4	en	ens
		reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina
plural	first	—	vi	oss	vår, våran2	vårt, vårat2	våra
	second	—	ni	er	er, eran2, ers5	ert, erat2	era
		archaic	I	eder	eder, eders5	edert	edra
	third	—	de, dom3	dem, dom3	deras
		reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina

¹Not universally accepted neologism.

²Informal

³Colloquial pronunciation spelling.

⁴Dialectal, also used lately as a gender-neutral alternative to man.

⁵Formal address

Article

de

1. the, a definite article used in the beginning of noun phrases containing attributive adjectives and nouns in the plural. This article is used together with the definite suffix of the noun to indicate the definiteness of the noun phrase.

   de gröna bilarna ― the green cars

2. (colloquial, text messaging, Internet) Pronunciation spelling of det.

Usage notes

The same type of noun phrases with singular nouns instead use den (common gender) or det (neuter) for this function. Some definite noun phrases with attributive adjectives may skip these preceding articles. This is the case especially for many lexicalized noun phrases and also for many noun phrases working as proper names of organisations, geographical places, TV shows, events and similar.

Brittiska öarna

The British Isles

While the personal pronoun de has an object form and a genitive form, the definite article de is unaffected by the syntactic role of the noun phrase.

Anagrams

• e.d., ed

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Tarantino

Preposition

de

1. of

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From .

Noun

1. day

See also

• (days of the week) ; , , , , , , ^{(Category: tpi:Days of the week)}

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

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Turkish

Adverb

1. as well, too, also

Usage notes

• It's used when the previous word's last vowel is "e", "i", "ö" or "ü". Otherwise (if the word's last vowel is "a", "ı", "o" or "u"); it becomes "da"

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[D#|D]].

Verb

1. say

See also

• (Latin script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze ^{(Category: tr:Latin letter names)}

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Volapük

Preposition

1. of, from

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Welsh

Etymology 1

Contraction of older , from . Cognate with , , , , .

The sense "south" comes from the fact that the south is on the right-hand side of a person facing east.

Adjective

1. right
2. south, southern (abbreviation: )

Noun

1. right
2. south
3. South

Usage notes

• The noun has masculine gender when used with the sense of "south" and feminine gender when used with the sense "right".

Etymology 2

Mutated form of .

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West Frisian

Etymology

Compare Dutch and Low German , English , German .

Determiner

1. the;

Usage notes

After one-syllable prepositions ending in a consonant, the variant is used.

Inflection

• Common singular:
• Neuter singular:
• Plural:

Further reading

• ”, in (in ), 2011

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Xhosa

Etymology

From .

Adjective

1. tall

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Zande

Noun

1. woman

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Zealandic

Etymology

An unstressed variety of .

Determiner

1. the (definite article)

Inflection

• Masculine: ,
• Feminine:
• Neuter:
• Plural:

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Zhuang

Pronoun

1. he; she; it

See also

Standard Zhuang personal pronouns
Person		Singular	Plural
1st	exclusive
	inclusive
2nd
3rd

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Zulu

Etymology

From . The expected reflex would be -le, however it was changed due to analogy with its class 8, 9, and 10 forms (zinde, inde, zinde).

Adjective

1. long
2. tall, high

Verb

1. always

Inflection

This verb needs an [[:Category: verb inflection-table templates|inflection-table template]].

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , ”, in , →ISBN
• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , ”, in , →ISBN

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ǃKung

Noun

1. woman