vi

See also: Appendix:Variations of "vi"

ⅵ U+2175, ⅵ SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL SIX ← ⅴ [U+2174] Number Forms ⅶ → [U+2176]

Translingual

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• VI, vi, Ⅵ, ↅ

Numeral

vi

1. Ⅵ, the Roman numeral six (6)

See also

• Previous: ⅴ (five, 5)
• Next: ⅶ (seven, 7)

Etymology 2

From either an Abbreviation of English Vietnamese or Vietnamese Tiếng Việt

Symbol

vi

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Vietnamese.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Symbol

vi

1. (music) minor submediant triad

English

Alternative forms

• vi, v.i., v.i.

Noun

vi

1. (grammar) Initialism of verb intransitive or intransitive verb (often in dictionaries)

Related terms

• v.t., v.t., vt, vt (= verb transitive, transitive verb)

Anagrams

• IV

Aiwoo

Adverb

vi

1. down below

References

• Ross, M. & Næss, Å. (2007), “An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 46, issue 2. Cited in: "Äiwoo" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• vã

Etymology

Cf. the corresponding ni for noi. Compare Romanian vă. Compare also Italian vi

Pronoun

vi (unstressed/short accusative and reflexive form of voi)

1. (direct object, second-person plural) you (group being addressed)

Related terms

• voi (stressed/long form accusative)

Pronoun

vi

1. (indirect object) (to) you (group being addressed)

Related terms

• vau (stressed/long form dative)

See also

• ni

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *āuyom (compare Welsh wy, Cornish oy), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”).

Noun

vi m

1. egg

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan vi~vin, from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈvi/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈbi/

• Audio (Valencian)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -i

Noun

vi m (plural vins)

1. wine (alcoholic beverage)

Derived terms

• vi blanc
• vi negre
• vi rosat

Related terms

• viner
• vinater

References

• “vi” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “vi”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “vi” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “vi” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Corsican

Etymology

From voi (“you”). Compare Italian vi and Romanian vi.

Pronoun

vi

1. you (plural, both direct or indirect object)

See also

Corsican personal pronouns

		Nominative	Dative	Accusative	Disjunctive
Singular	1st person	eiu	mi		mè
	2nd person	tù	ti		tè
	3rd person m	ellu	li	u, l'	ellu
	3rd person f	ella		a, l'	ella
Plural	1st person	noi	ci		noi
	2nd person	voi	vi		voi
	3rd person m	elli	li	i, l'	elli
	3rd person f	elle		e, l'	elle

References

• https://infcor.adecec.net/

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin vīvus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /βi/

Adjective

vi m (plural vei)

1. alive, living

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vi/, [ʋi]
• Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

vi (first-person plural nominative, accusative os, genitive vores, c vor, n vort, pl vore)

1. we

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					common	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	mig	min	mit	mine
	Second	modern / informal	du	dig	din	dit	dine
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine (person)	han	ham	hans
		feminine (person)	hun	hende	hendes
		common(noun)	den		dens
		neuter(noun)	det		dets
		reflexive	–	sig	sin	sit	sine
Plural	First	modern	vi	os	vores
		archaic / formal			vor	vort	vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres
		reflexive	–	sig

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian voi, French vous and/or Russian вы (vy), plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vi]
• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: vi

Pronoun

vi (accusative vin, possessive via)

1. (second-person plural and formal singular pronoun): you

   Vi batis min. ― You hit me.

2. yourselves

   Vi diras al vi. ― You say to yourselves.

Related terms

• via
• viaj
• vian
• vin

 

See also

• ĝi
• ili
• li
• mi
• ni
• oni
• ŝi
• ci

Ewe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /viː/

Adjective

vi

1. little
2. small

Noun

vi

1. child (a son or daughter)
2. descendant

Ido

Etymology

vu (“you”) +‎ -i (“-s; plural”)

Pronoun

vi pl

1. you (plural)

Related terms

• tu
• vu

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvi/
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: vì

Etymology 1

See voi. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• -vi (enclitic)

Pronoun

vi

1. second-person personal plural object pronoun: you, to you

   (noi) vi amiamo ― we love you

2. second-person reflexive plural: yourselves

   (voi) vi ricordate ― you remember

3. (often not translated) it; about it, of it, on it

Usage notes

• Becomes ve when followed by a third person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).

See also

Italian personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Reflexive	Accusative	Dative	Conjunctive	Disjunctive	Locative	Partitive
Singular	first	—	io	mi, m', -mi			me	me	—
	second	—	tu	ti, t', -ti			te	te
	third	m	lui	si2, s', -si	lo, l', -lo	gli, -gli	glie, se2	lui, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f	lei, Lei1		la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1	le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1		lei, Lei1, sé
Plural	first	—	noi	ci, c', -ci			ce	noi	—
	second	—	voi, Voi4	vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4			ve	voi, Voi4
	third	m	loro, Loro1	si, s', -si	li, Li1, -li, -Li1	gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1	glie, se	loro, Loro1, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f			le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1	Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3	Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Etymology 2

From Latin ibi.

Adverb

vi

1. (formal) there

   Synonym: ci

2. (formal) here

   Synonym: ci

Usage notes

• Stylistically elevated variant of ci, only used in formal contexts.

Etymology 3

Noun

vi f (invariable)

1. Alternative form of vu

Japanese

Romanization

vi

1. Rōmaji transcription of ゔぃ
2. Rōmaji transcription of ゐ゙
3. Rōmaji transcription of ヴィ
4. Rōmaji transcription of ヸ

Latin

Noun

vī f

1. ablative singular of vīs (“force, strength”)
2. dative singular of vīs (rare)

References

• “vi”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Maonan

Noun

vi

1. fire

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋiː/

Pronoun

vi

1. we

   Hvordan kommer vi dit?

   How do we get there?

Etymology 2

Verb

vi

1. imperative of vie

See also

    Personal pronouns in Bokmål

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					feminine	masculine	neuter	plural
Singular	First	–	jeg	meg	mi	min	mitt	mine
	Second	–	du	deg	di	din	ditt	dine
	Third	feminine (person)	hun	henne	hennes
		masculine (person)	han	ham / han	hans
		feminine (noun)	den		dens
		masculine (noun)
		neuter (noun)	det		dets
		reflexive	–	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine
Plural	First	–	vi	oss	vår		vårt	våre
	Second	–	dere		deres
	Third	general	de	dem	deres
		reflexive	–	seg	si	sin	sitt	sine

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Probably with influence from Swedish vi and Danish vi, from Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.

Alternative forms

• me
• oss (dialectal, Trøndelag)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋiː/

Pronoun

vi

1. we

See also

Norwegian Nynorsk personal pronouns

person	first person	second person	reflexive	third person
case	singular			singular masculine	singular feminine	singular neuter
nominative	eg, je1	du		han	ho	det, dat2
accusative	meg	deg	seg	han, honom2	ho, henne2	det, dat2
dative2	meg	deg	seg	honom	henne	di2
genitive	min	din	sin	hans	hennar, hennes1	dess3
case	plural
nominative	me, vi	de, dokker			dei
accusative	oss, okk	dykk, dokker	seg		dei, deim2
dative	oss, okk	dykk, dokker	seg		deim2
genitive	vår, okkar	dykkar, dokkar	sin		deira, deires1

¹Obsolete. ²Landsmål. ³Rare or literary. Cursive forms unofficial today.

Etymology 2

Verb

vi

1. imperative of via

Etymology 3

Verb

vi

1. Eye dialect spelling of vil.

References

• “vi” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• IV, VI, -iv

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin vīdī. Cognate with Galician vin and Spanish vi.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvi/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvi/

• Rhymes: -i
• Homophone: vir (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: vi

Verb

vi

1. first-person singular preterite indicative of ver
   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:

     Não vi o tempo passar.

     I didn't notice the time passing.

Romanian

Pronoun

vi (dative form of voi; form of vă )

1. to you

Usage notes

This word is used when vă (which is dative) is combined with the following accusatives:

• îl (the accusative of el, contracted as vi-l)
• îi (the accusative of ei, contracted as vi-i)
• le (the accusative of ele)
• se (the reflexive accusative of all third-person pronouns)

See also

• li
• ni

Sassarese

Alternative forms

• v' (apocopic)
• -vi, -vvi (enclitic)

Etymology

From Latin ibi (“there; then”), from Proto-Italic *iðei or *ifei with iambic shortening, from the pronominal stem Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Adverb

vi

1. here, there

   Synonym: zi

   • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Ulisse [Ulysses]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 51:

     Raramenti vi fàrani pizoni,
     si sò abbramiddi, pa’ zirchà ricattu.

     Birds seldom glide there, if they are hungry, to look for food.

Pronoun

vi

1. (accusative) you (plural)
   • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Puisia [Poem]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 19:

     […] un’oasi prupizia pa’ pudé
     cu lu pientu annittavvi da li fàuri
     chi vi sò già incighendi.

     A propitious oasis, so I can cleanse you with my tears from the lies that are already blinding you.

     (literally, “A propitious oasis, in order to be able to cleanse you with my tears from the lies that are already blinding you.”)

2. (dative) to you (plural)

   Abà vi diggu la veriddai ― I'll tell you the truth now (literally, “Now to you I tell the truth”)

3. it, to it

   no vi credu ― I don't believe it (literally, “Not to it I believe”)

Related terms

• voi
• vosthru

 

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋîː/

Pronoun

vȋ (Cyrillic spelling ви̑)

1. you (nominative plural of tȋ (“you”))
2. you (vocative plural of tȋ (“you”))
3. (formal) you (formal singular and plural)

Declension

Declension of vi

	singular	plural
nominative	tȋ	vȋ
genitive	tȅbe, te	vȃs
dative	tȅbi, ti	vȁma, vam
accusative	tȅbe, te	vȃs
vocative	ti	vȋ
locative	tȅbi	vȁma
instrumental	tȍbōm	vȁma

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋíː/

Pronoun

vȋ

1. you (masculine plural, more than two)
2. (formal) you (masculine singular)

Inflection

Declension of vi (irregular, suppletive)

singular
	1st person	2nd person	reflexive
nominative	jàz	tí	—
accusative	méne, me	tébe, te	sébe, se
genitive	méne, me	tébe, te	sébe, se
dative	méni, mi	tébi, ti	sébi, si
locative	méni	tébi	sébi
instrumental	menój, máno	tebój, tábo	sebój, sábo
possessive	mój	tvój	svój
dual
	1st person	2nd person	reflexive
nominative	mídva m, médve/mídve f or n	vídva m, védve/vídve f or n	—
accusative	náju	váju	sébe, se
genitive	náju	váju	sébe, se
dative	náma	váma	sébi, si
locative	náju	váju	sébi
instrumental	náma	váma	sebój, sábo
possessive	nájin	vájin	svój
plural
	1st person	2nd person	reflexive
nominative	mí m, mé f or n	ví m, vé f or n	—
accusative	nàs	vàs	sébe, se
genitive	nàs	vàs	sébe, se
dative	nàm	vàm	sébi, si
locative	nàs	vàs	sébi
instrumental	nàmi	vàmi	sebój, sábo
possessive	nàš	vàš	svój

Derived terms

• vīkati

See also

Slovene personal pronouns

			singular	dual	plural
1st person		m	jaz	midva	mi
		f or n		medve, midve	me
2nd person	familiar tikanje	m	ti	vidva	vi
		f or n		vedve, vidve	ve
3rd person		m	on	onadva	oni
		f	ona	onedve, onidve	one
		n	ono	onedve, onidve	ona
Polite forms (not differentiated in dual and plural)					singular
polite vikanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 2rd person plural masculine					vi, Vi
very polite onikanje – instead of 2nd or 3rd person, binds with forms for 3rd person plural masculine (archaic)					oni
hyper polite onokanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular neuter (obsolete)					ono
patriarchal onkanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular masculine (obsolete)					on

Spanish

Alternative forms

• vide (archaic, regional)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbi/ [ˈbi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: vi

Verb

vi

1. first-person singular preterite indicative of ver

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish vīr, from Old East Norse *wīʀ (compare vér), from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /viː/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iː

Pronoun

vi

1. we (first-person personal plural subject pronoun)
   • 1791, Carl Michael Bellman, Fredmans sånger, N:o 21

     Så lunka vi så småningom från Bacchi buller och tumult

     We'll walk away eventually from the noise and tumult of Bacchus

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Type	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive
					common	neuter	plural
singular	first	—	jag	mig, mej3	min	mitt	mina
	second	—	du	dig, dej3	din	ditt	dina
	third	masculine (person)	han	honom, han2, en5	hans
		feminine (person)	hon	henne, na5	hennes
		gender-neutral (person)1	hen	hen, henom7	hens
		common (noun)	den	den	dess
		neuter (noun)	det	det	dess
		indefinite	man or en4	en	ens
		reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina
plural	first	—	vi	oss	vår, våran2	vårt, vårat2	våra
	second	—	ni	er	er, eran2, ers6	ert, erat2	era
		archaic	I	eder	eder, eders6	edert	edra
	third	—	de, dom3	dem, dom3	deras
		reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina

¹Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, and has gained widespread acceptance today.

²Informal

³Colloquial pronunciation spelling.

⁴Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.

⁵Informal, somewhat dialectal

⁶Formal address

⁷Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish hvi, from Old Norse hví, from Proto-Germanic *hwī (“by what, how”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey, locative of *kʷis (“who”). Cognate with Old Danish hvi, Danish hvi, Old West Norse hví, Norwegian Nynorsk kvi, Norwegian Bokmål hvi, Old Saxon hwi, hwiu, Old High German hwiu, Middle High German wiu, German wie (“how”), Old English hwȳ, hvī, Middle English why, English why, more distantly with Latin quī (“what, who, which”).

Alternative forms

• hvi (pre-1906 spelling)

Adverb

vi

1. (archaic or poetic) why
   • 1541, Gustav Vasa Bible, Matthew 9:5

     Men när Jesus sågh theras tanckar, sadhe han, Hwj tencken j ondt j idhor hierta?

     (pre-1906 spelling) Men när Jesus såg deras tankar, sade han, Hvi tänken I ondt i edor hjerta?

     And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts?

   Synonym: varför

Etymology 3

From Old Norse vé, from Proto-Germanic *wīhą, from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to choose, separate out, set aside as holy, consecrate, sacrifice”). Cognate with Latin victima (“offering, sacrifice”).

Noun

vi n

1. sanctuary

Related terms

• viga

References

• vi in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• -iv

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [vi˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [vɪj˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [vɪj˧˧] ~ [jɪj˧˧]

• Audio (Hà Nội)

  (file)

Etymology 1

Noun

(classifier cái) vi

1. (anatomy, especially of sharks) Alternative form of vây (“fin”)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• trầy vi tróc vảy

 

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 微.

Prefix

vi

1. micro-

Derived terms

• vi ba (微波)
• vi khuẩn (微菌)
• vi khí hậu (微氣候)
• vi lượng (微量)
• vi mô (微模)
• vi nhung mao (微絨毛)
• vi phân (微分)
• vi phẫu (微剖)
• vi sinh vật (微生物)
• vi thể (微體)
• vi trùng (微蟲)
• vi tích phân (微積分)
• vi tảo (微藻)
• vi xử lí (微處理)