-ci

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ci"

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ťi.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ t͡sɪ]

Suffix

-ci

(archaic) the infinitive ending

Related terms

-ti
-t

French

Etymology

From ci (“here”), older form of ici. Similar to Latin -ce, but not a direct continuation of it.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Particle

-ci

Used with the demonstrative ce and all its forms in order to specify the meaning “this, these”.
Antonym: -là (“that, those”)

Cette chambre-ci est plus grande que l'autre.
This room is bigger than the other one.

L'autre chambre était plus petite que celle-ci.
The other room was smaller than this one.

Cet homme-ci n'est pas mon mari.
This man is not my husband.

Ces valises-ci ne sont pas les miennes.
These suitcases are not mine.

Derived terms

Hungarian

Etymology

From -c (diminutive suffix) +‎ -i (diminutive suffix).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t͡si]

Suffix

-ci

(diminutive suffix) Used mostly in given names, but also in other words.
‎László + ‎-ci → ‎Laci

‎futball (“football, soccer”) + ‎-ci → ‎foci

Derived terms

Hungarian proper noun clippings suffixed with -ci

Hungarian noun clippings suffixed with -ci

References

^ -ci in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Italian

Pronoun

-ci

enclitic form of ci; appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive reflexive, accusative and dative forms when the object is first plural person
dare (“to give”) → darci (“to give ourselves; to give us; to give for us”)

vendere (“to sell”) → venderci (“to sell ourselves; to sell us; to sell to us”)

servire (“to serve”) → servirci (“to serve ourselves; to serve us; to serve to us”)

Usage notes

The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :

-are → -arci

-ere → -erci

-ire → -irci

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (“to introduce”) → introdurci (“to introduce ourselves; to introduce us; to insert in us”)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -ci.

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkiː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃiː]

Etymology 1

Declined forms of -cus (adjectival suffix).

Suffix

-cī

inflection of -cus:
1. nominative/vocative masculine plural
2. genitive masculine/neuter singular

Etymology 2

A declined form of -cum (nominal suffix).

Suffix

-cī n

genitive singular of -cum

Nupe

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡ʃī/

Suffix

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cat4=productive suffixes
cat3=noun-forming suffixes
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-ci

(added to nouns) Used to form an agent noun
‎ebasan (“divination”) + ‎-ci → ‎ebasanci (“diviner”)

‎nuwangbin (“swimming”) + ‎-ci → ‎nuwangbinci (“swimmer”)

‎dòkò (“horse”) + ‎-ci → ‎dòkòci (“horse-rider”)

‎enunù (“hoeing”) + ‎-ci → ‎enunùci (“farmer”)
(added to a proper noun) Suffix denoting a resident or inhabitant of (the place denoted by the proper noun); used to form a demonym
‎Nupe (“Nupe”) + ‎-ci → ‎Nupeci (“Nupe person”)

‎Pátígi (“Patigi”) + ‎-ci → ‎Pátígici (“Patigi person”)

‎latí (“farm”) + ‎-ci → ‎latíci (“rural person”)
(added to nouns) Used to form plant names from the name of the fruit
‎ègbà (“deleb palm fruit”) + ‎-ci → ‎gbàci (“deleb palm tree”)

‎ekò (“shea nut kernel”) + ‎-ci → ‎kòci (“shea tree”)

‎yìkunnu (“palm fruit”) + ‎-ci → ‎yìkunnuci (“oil palm tree”)

Derived terms

(agent suffix):

(demonymic suffix):

Nupe terms suffixed with -ci (demonymic suffix)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡ʃī/

Suffix

^{The template Template:nup-pos does not use the parameter(s): cat2=adjective-forming suffixes
cat3=productive suffixes
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

-ci

Used to form ordinal numerals
Twabàci (“Seventh”)

Old Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /t͡ɕʲi/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /t͡ɕʲi/

Suffix

-ci

alternative form of -ć

Derived terms

Old Polish terms suffixed with -ci

Polish

Pronunciation

(Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕi/

Suffix

-ci

(Middle Polish, not productive) alternative form of -ć

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ci

Salar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *-ti.

Pronunciation

(Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA^(key): [d͡ʑi]

Suffix

-ci

-ed (past tense participle)
Men zide yumuda, samsaq, soğanlarnı al gelci. ― I bought (literally, “bought and came”) eggs, garlic, scallions, etc. at the market.

Men aña galaci. ― I liked him/her.^[1]

İşgi gün volcı. ― It's been two days.^[2]

References

^ 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985), “-ci”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar]‎^[1], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, pages 35, 103
^ 马伟 [Ma Wei]; 朝克 [Chao Ke] (2014), “-ci”, in 撒拉语366条会话读本 [Salar 366 Conversation Reader]‎^[2], 1^st edition, 社会科学文献出版社 [Social Science Literature Press], →ISBN, page 73

Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “-ci”, in 米娜瓦尔艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 363
Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007), “-ci”, in Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes: Part I: Phonology‎^[3], 1st edition, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 48

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـجی, from Proto-Turkic *-či.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒi/, /ˈd͡ʒi/

Suffix

	preceding vowel
	a / ı	e / i	o / u	ö / ü
default	-cı	-ci	-cu	-cü
assimilated	-çı	-çi	-çu	-çü

-ci

Suffix appended to words to create a noun, denoting a profession, occupation or inclination.

Usage notes

Stress is carried onto the suffix when appended to a word with stress on the last syllable:
büyü /byˈjy/ becomes büyücü /by.jyˈd͡ʒy/
Stress doesn't shift when appended to a word that is stressed elsewhere:
voleybol /voˈlej.boɫ/ becomes voleybolcu /voˈlej.boɫ.d͡ʒu/