-ci

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ci

  1. (archaic) the infinitive ending
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French

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Etymology

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From ci (here), older form of ici. Similar to Latin -ce, but not a direct continuation of it.

Pronunciation

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Particle

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-ci

  1. Used with the demonstrative ce and all its forms in order to specify the meaning “this, these”.
    Antonym: -là (that, those)
    Cette chambre-ci est plus grande que l’autre.
    This room is bigger than the other one.
    L’autre chambre était plus petite que celle-ci.
    The other room was smaller than this one.
    Cet homme-ci n’est pas mon mari.
    This man is not my husband.
    Ces valises-ci ne sont pas les miennes.
    These suitcases are not mine.

Derived terms

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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From -c (diminutive suffix) +‎ -i (diminutive suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ci

  1. (diminutive suffix) Used mostly in given names, but also in other words.
    László + ‎-ci → ‎Laci
    futball (football, soccer) + ‎-ci → ‎foci

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ -ci in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Italian

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Pronoun

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-ci

  1. enclitic form of ci; appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive reflexive, accusative and dative forms when the object is first plural person
    dare (to give)darci (to give ourselves; to give us; to give for us)
    vendere (to sell)venderci (to sell ourselves; to sell us; to sell to us)
    servire (to serve)servirci (to serve ourselves; to serve us; to serve to us)

Usage notes

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The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :

-are-arci
-ere-erci
-ire-irci

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (to introduce)introdurci (to introduce ourselves; to introduce us; to insert in us)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -ci.

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Declined forms of -cus (adjectival suffix).

Suffix

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-cī

  1. inflection of -cus:
    1. nominative/vocative masculine plural
    2. genitive masculine/neuter singular

Etymology 2

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A declined form of -cum (nominal suffix).

Suffix

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-cī n

  1. genitive singular of -cum

Nupe

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ci

  1. (added to nouns) Used to form an agent noun
    ebasan (divination) + ‎-ci → ‎ebasanci (diviner)
    nuwangbin (swimming) + ‎-ci → ‎nuwangbinci (swimmer)
    dòkò (horse) + ‎-ci → ‎dòkòci (horse-rider)
    enunù (hoeing) + ‎-ci → ‎enunùci (farmer)
  2. (added to a proper noun) Suffix denoting a resident or inhabitant of (the place denoted by the proper noun); used to form a demonym
    Nupe (Nupe) + ‎-ci → ‎Nupeci (Nupe person)
    Pátígi (Patigi) + ‎-ci → ‎Pátígici (Patigi person)
    latí (farm) + ‎-ci → ‎latíci (rural person)
  3. (added to nouns) Used to form plant names from the name of the fruit
    ègbà (deleb palm fruit) + ‎-ci → ‎gbàci (deleb palm tree)
    ekò (shea nut kernel) + ‎-ci → ‎kòci (shea tree)
    yìkunnu (palm fruit) + ‎-ci → ‎yìkunnuci (oil palm tree)
Derived terms
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(agent suffix):

(demonymic suffix):

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ci

  1. Used to form ordinal numerals
    Twabàci (Seventh)

Further reading

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  • Alhaji, Gabra Ibrahim A Morphological Analysis of Nouns and Adjectives In The Nupe Language, 2012

Old Polish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /t͡ɕi/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /t͡ɕi/

Suffix

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-ci

  1. Alternative form of

Derived terms

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ci

  1. (Middle Polish, not productive) Alternative form of

Derived terms

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Salar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *-ti.

Pronunciation

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  • (Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [d͡ʑi]

Suffix

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-ci

  1. -ed (past tense participle)
    Men zide yumuda, samsaq, soğanlarnı al gelci.I bought (lit. bought and came) eggs, garlic, scallions, etc. at the market.
    Men aña galaci.I liked him/her.[1]
    İşgi gün vol.It's been two days.[2]

References

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  1. ^ 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985) “-ci”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar]‎[1], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, pages 35, 103
  2. ^ 马伟 [Ma Wei], 朝克 [Chao Ke] (2014) “-ci”, in 撒拉语366条会话读本 [Salar 366 Conversation Reader]‎[2], 1st edition, 社会科学文献出版社 [Social Science Literature Press], →ISBN, page 73
  • Ma, Chengjun, Han, Lianye, Ma, Weisheng (December 2010) “-ci”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 363
  • Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007) “-ci”, in Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes: Part I: Phonology[3], 1st edition, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 48

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـجی, from Proto-Turkic *-či.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒi/, /ˈd͡ʒi/

Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I E / İ O / U Ö / Ü
default -cı -ci -cu -cü
assimilated -çı -çi -çu -çü

-ci

  1. Suffix appended to words to create a noun, denoting a profession, occupation or inclination.

Usage notes

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  • Stress is carried onto the suffix when appended to a word with stress on the last syllable:
    büyü /byˈjy/ becomes büyücü /by.jyˈd͡ʒy/
  • Stress doesn't shift when appended to a word that is stressed elsewhere:
    voleybol /voˈlej.boɫ/ becomes voleybolcu /voˈlej.boɫ.d͡ʒu/

Derived terms

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References

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