glie

French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γλία (glía, “glue”).

Noun

glie f (plural glies)

1. (anatomy) glia

Italian

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡli.e/
• Rhymes: -ie
• Hyphenation: glì‧e

Noun

glie f

1. plural of glia

Etymology 2

Probably from alteration of the vowel in gli by analogy to me, te (alternative forms of the pronouns mi, ti used before third-person direct object clitics). The alternation between me, te and mi, ti developed originally because of a phonological process that turned /e/ into /i/ in certain unstressed syllables; subsequently, this alternation apparently was reinterpreted as a morphophonological rule, resulting in general use of the vowel /e/ for the first pronoun in clitic clusters ending in a third-person accusative or partitive pronoun.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): ^*/ʎe/
• Rhymes: -e
• Hyphenation: glie

Pronoun

glie m sg or f sg or m pl or f pl

1. alternative form of gli (dative pronoun)
2. alternative form of le (dative pronoun)

Usage notes

• Used when followed by a non-reflexive third-person accusative or genitive clitic pronoun (lo, la, li, le, or ne):

  Gliene parlo domani.

  I'll tell you/him/her/them about it tomorrow.

• Unlike me, te, ce, ve, and se which are always separated by a space from the following clitic, glie is written in one word with the following clitic: glielo, gliela, glieli, gliele, gliene.

See also

Italian personal pronouns

		singular						plural
		first	second	second formal / polite5	third			first	second	second formal / polite5	third
				m or f	m	f				m or f	m	f
nominative		io	tu	Lei, Ella8	lui, egli8, ello8, elli3, 8, esso8	lei, ella8, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro
elli3, 8, ellino4, 8, eglino4, 8, essi8	elle3, 8, elleno4, 8, esse8
atonic (clitic)11	accusative / dative-reflexive	mi, m', -mi, me9	ti, t', -ti, te9	―	si6, s', -si, se9			ci, c', -ci, ce9	vi, Vi7, v', V'7, -vi, -Vi7, ve9	―	si, s', -si, se9
	accusative			La, -La, L'	lo, l', -lo, il4	la, l', -la				Le, -Le	li, -li	le, -le
	dative			Le, -Le	glie9					Loro10	loro10, gli2, -gli2, glie9
					gli, -gli	le, -le, gli2, -gli2
	locative	―			ci, c', vi1, v'1			―			ci, c', vi1, v'1
	partitive	ne, n'		ne, n'
tonic12	prepositional-reflexive	―			sé			―			sé
	oblique	me	te	Lei	lui, esso8	lei, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro,
											essi8	elle8, esse8
1	Formal.
2	Informal.
3	Archaic.
4	Obsolete.
5	Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal or polite way of addressing someone (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
6	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
7	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
8	Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli (animate), ello / ella (animate), esso / essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns; outside of very formal or archaizing contexts, all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui, lei, loro.
9	Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
10	Used after verbs.
11	Unstressed forms, stand alone forms are found proclitically (except dative loro / Loro), others enclitically (-mi, -ti, etc.).
12	Disjunctive, emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs, in exclamations, along prepositions (prepositional) and some adverbs (come, quanto, etc.); also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms.

Anagrams

• egli, geli, gilè

Romanian

Etymology

Proto-Slavic *glьjь (“soil”). Compare Serbo-Croatian glej, Russian глей (glej), Polish glej, Slovak glej, Ukrainian ґлей (glej).

Noun

glie f (plural glii)

1. soil, land

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	glie	glia		glii	gliile
genitive-dative	glii	gliei		glii	gliilor
vocative	glie, glio			gliilor