sé

See also: Appendix:Variations of "se"

Bassa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sé]

Noun

sé

1. arrow

References

• Bassa-English Dictionary
• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈse]
• Rhymes: -e

Verb

sé

1. first-person singular present indicative of saber

Champenois

Numeral

sé

1. seven

Fala

Alternative forms

• sedi (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese sede (“thirst”), from Latin sitis (“thirst”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈse/
• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: sé

Noun

sé f (plural sés)

1. (Mañegu) thirst

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese see, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“I sit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of sede.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛ/

Noun

sé f (plural sés)

1. (Roman Catholicism) see; cathedral

   Synonym: catedral

Derived terms

• A Sé
• Santa Sé

Verb

sé

1. second-person singular imperative of ser

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “see”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “see”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sé”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sé”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsjɛː/

Etymology 1

Verb

sé

1. first-person singular present indicative of sjá

Etymology 2

Verb

sé

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of vera
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of vera

Irish

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish sé, from Old Irish é.

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ʃeː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ʃɛ/, /ʃə/

Pronoun

sé (emphatic form seisean, conjunctive)

1. he
2. (referring to a masculine noun) it

See also

Irish personal pronouns

Number	Person (and gender)	Conjunctive (emphatic)	Disjunctive (emphatic)	Possessive determiner
Singular	First	mé (mise)		mo L m' before vowel sounds
	Second	tú (tusa)1	thú (thusa)	do L d' before vowel sounds
	Third masculine	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a L
	Third feminine	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a H
	Third neuter	—	ea	—
Plural	First	muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár E
	Second	sibh (sibhse)1		bhur E
	Third	siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a E

^L Triggers lenition ^E Triggers eclipsis ^H Triggers h-prothesis

¹ Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

Etymology 2

Irish numbers ^(edit)

	60[a], [b], [c]
←  5	6	7  →
Cardinal: sé     Ordinal: séú     Personal: seisear

From Old Irish sé, from Proto-Celtic *swexs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. Compare Scottish Gaelic sia, Manx shey.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃeː/
• Homophone: ’sé

Numeral

sé

1. six

Usage notes

• May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggers lenition of nouns in the singular and h-prothesis of nouns in the plural:

• sé chat ― six cats
• sé troithe ― six feet
• sé héin ― six birds

• When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular; after nouns in the plural, the adjective only lenites after slender consonants::

• sé chapall bhána ― six white horses
• na sé eaglais mhóra ― the six big churches

But:

• sé capaill bhána ― six white horses
• na sé heaglaisí móra ― the six big churches

• When referring to human beings, the personal form seisear is used.

Derived terms

• seisear (used to modify personal nouns)
• séú (ordinal)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
sé	shé after an, tsé	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sé”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN, retrieved 16 June 2024
• Ó Dónaill, Niall, Ua Maoileoin, Pádraig (1991) “sé”, in An Foclóir Beag (in Irish), Dublin: An Gúm, retrieved 16 June 2024
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 sé”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 sé”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 65

Italian

Etymology

From Latin sē. Compare with French soi, Portuguese si, and Spanish sí.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈse/^*
• Rhymes: -e
• Hyphenation: sé

• Audio:

  (file)

Pronoun

sé

1. (disjunctive, emphatic) oneself, himself, herself

Derived terms

• sé stesso
• se stesso

Further reading

• sé in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Ladin

Verb

sé

1. first-person singular present indicative of savei

Pronoun

sé

1. oneself, himself, herself

Musi

Musi cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : sé

Alternative forms

• sikoq

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃeː/

Numeral

sé

1. one

Norman

Etymology 1

From Old French sec, from Latin siccus, from Proto-Indo-European *seyk-.

Adjective

sé m

1. (Jersey) dry

Alternative forms

• saec (Guernsey)

Derived terms

• couême sècque (“dried cow dung”)

Related terms

• s'tchi

Etymology 2

From Old French seir, soir, from Latin sērō (“at a late hour, late”), from sērus (“late”).

Noun

sé m (plural sés)

1. (Jersey) evening

Alternative forms

• saer (Guernsey)

Etymology 3

From Old French sel, from Latin sāl, salem.

Noun

sé m (plural sés)

1. (Jersey) salt

Alternative forms

• saïl (Guernsey)

Related terms

• saler

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *swexs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sʲeː/

Numeral

Old Irish cardinal numbers

<  5	6	7  >
Cardinal : sé     Ordinal : seissed     Personal : seiser

sé

1. six

Descendants

• Irish: sé
• Manx: shey
• Scottish Gaelic: sia

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sé”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Verb

sé

1. inflection of sjá:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. third-person singular present subjunctive
   3. third-person plural present subjunctive
   4. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of vera:
   1. third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present subjunctive

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese see, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“to sit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Doublet of sede. Cognate with Galician sé and Spanish sede.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛ/

• Rhymes: -ɛ
• Homophone: Sé
• Hyphenation: sé

Noun

sé f (plural sés)

1. (Roman Catholicism) see (the cathedral and region under the jurisdiction of a bishop)

Derived terms

• Santa Sé
• Sé

See also

• cátedra
• bispo
• diocese

Rawang

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɛ˥/

Numeral

sé

1. ten.

Synonyms

• tiqsé

Romagnol

Alternative forms

• sè
• sē (Ville Unite)

Etymology

From Latin sīc (“so”).

Adverb

sé

1. yes

   Synonyms: è, ē

2. used to express disagreement
   • 1920, Olindo Guerrini, edited by Zanichelli, Sonetti romagnoli, published 1967:

     Sé! St'al cazazzi d'chert a gli ha da di Coma ch'l'è fatt e' mond, coma ch'l'è fatt? Ch'e' vega là, ch'un staga a dvinté matt, Ch'e' ciapa e' livar e ch'ul cazza ví.

     What are you saying? Have really these nonsense papers to say how the world is made, how it's made? Come on, don't go crazy, take the book and chase it away.

Noun

sé m (plural sì)

1. yes

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈse/ [ˈse]
• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: sé
• Homophones: se, (Latin America) ce

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sé

1. first-person singular present indicative of saber

   No lo sé.

   I do not know.

2. inflection of ser:
   1. second-person singular imperative
   2. second-person singular voseo imperative

   ¡Sé un voluntario!

   Be a volunteer!

Etymology 2

See sí.

Interjection

sé

1. (colloquial, Chile, Mexico) yes

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch zee.

Noun

sé

1. sea

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sei.

Pronoun

sé

1. who

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French sel, from Latin sāl, salem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /se/

Noun

sé ?

1. salt