tú

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tu"

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin tu. Akin to Spanish tú and Portuguese tu.

Pronoun

tú m sg or f sg

1. (informal) Second-person singular nominative pronoun; you

See also

Aragonese personal pronouns

				nominative	disjunctive	dative	accusative
first person	singular			yo	me, m'2
	plural	masculine		nusatros1.1		nos1.6
		feminine		nusatras1.1
second person	singular	familiar		tú	te, t'2
		formal		vusté,1.2 vos
	plural	familiar	masculine	vusatros1.3		vos, tos3
			feminine	vusatras1.3
		formal		vustés,1.2 vos
third person	singular	masculine		él1.4		le1.7	lo,1.8 l'2
		feminine		ella1.5			la
	plural	masculine		els, ellos1.4		les1.7	los1.9
		feminine		ellas1.5			las
	reflexive			—		se, s'2

1. The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
   1. nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
   2. usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
   3. vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
   4. ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
   5. era(s) (Belsetán).
   6. mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
   7. li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
   8. el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
   9. es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
2. The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
3. In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.

References

• “tú”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Chiricahua

Alternative forms

• tó (Chiricahua)

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

tú

1. (Mescalero) water

References

• Marianna Di Paolo, Arthur K. Spears, Languages and Dialects in the U.S.: Focus on Diversity (2014, →ISBN, page 38 (citing Hoijer 1938)

Fala

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/
• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tú

Pronoun

tú m sg or f sg

1. Second person singular nominative pronoun; you

See also

Fala personal pronouns

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
singular	first person		ei	me, -mi		mi
	second person		tú	te, -ti		ti
	third person	m	el	le, -li	uLV, oM	el
		f	ela		a	ela
plural	first person	common	nos	musL nusLV nos, -nusM		nos
		m	noshotrusM			noshotrusM
		f	noshotrasM			noshotrasM
	second person	common	vos	vusLV vos, -vusM		vos
		m	voshotrusM			voshotrusM
		f	voshotrasM			voshotrasM
	third person	m	elis	le, -li	usLV, osM	elis
		f	elas		as	elas
third person reflexive			—	se, -si		sí

Dialects:  ^L Lagarteiru   ^M Mañegu   ^V Valverdeñu

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 274

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʰʉuː(w)]
• in the phrase "ert tú": IPA^(key): [ˈɛɻ̊ʈʉuː]

Pronoun

tú

1. you, thou

   ert tú eingilskmaður/onglendingur? ― are you an Englishman?

   ert tú amerikanari? ― are you an American?

   ert tú føroyingur? ― are you Faroese?

   ert tú týskari? ― are you a German?

   ert tú dani? ― are you a Dane?

   ert tú norðmaður? ― are you a Norwegian?

   ert tú íslendingur? ― are you an Icelander?

   ert tú svii/svíi? ― are you a Swede?

Usage notes

The informal tú form is correct among younger people and non-foreigners. The very formal form is tygum.

Declension

Faroese personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person		eg, jeg	meg, mjeg	mær	mín
	2nd person		tú	teg, tjeg	tær	tín
	3rd person	m	hann		honum	hansara, hans†
		f	hon	hana	henni	hennara, hennar†
		n	tað		tí	tess
plural	1st person		vit	okkum		okkara
	2nd person		tit	tykkum		tykkara
	3rd person	m	teir		teimum, teim†	teirra
		f	tær
		n	tey

Derived terms

• túa

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of tú – see 拄 (“to prop; to support; to lean on; to be propped up; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 拄).

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tú, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ˠuː/

Pronoun

tú (emphatic form tusa, conjunctive)

1. you (singular), thou

Usage notes

• Unlike many European languages, Irish does not distinguish between "familiar" and "polite" second-person pronouns. Tú is used to address any one person, regardless of how well known that person is to the speaker.
• The emphatic form tusa is also used as the vocative: Haigh tusa! — "Hey you!"

Related terms

• thú (disjunctive)

See also

Irish personal pronouns

	person		conjunctive (emphatic)	disjunctive (emphatic)	possessive determiner
singular	first		mé (mise)		mo L m' before vowel sounds
	second		tú (tusa)1	thú (thusa)	do L d' before vowel sounds
	third	m	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a L
		f	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a H
		n	—	ea	—
plural	first		muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár E
	second		sibh (sibhse)1		bhur E
	third		siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a E

^L Triggers lenition   ^E Triggers eclipsis   ^H Triggers h-prothesis

¹ Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun.
For instance, "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “tú”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Kambera

Verb

tú

1. (transitive) to put

References

• Marian Klamer (1998), A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 199

Koho

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuʔ/

Noun

tú

1. time

References

• Paul J. Sidwell, Proto South Bahnaric: A Reconstruction of a Mon-Khmer Language of Indo-China (2000)

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun

tú (Hebrew spelling טו)

1. you (singular)

Mandarin

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Romanization

tú (tu², Zhuyin ㄊㄨˊ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 凃
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啙
3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 圖 / 图, 圗, 図, 图
4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 塗 / 涂
5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 宊
6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屠
7. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峹
8. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嵞
9. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 庩
10. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 徒
11. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怢
12. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悂
13. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 捈
14. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 揬
15. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梌
16. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涂
17. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湥
18. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 潳
19. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瑹
20. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瘏
21. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 稌
22. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 突
23. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 筡
24. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腞
25. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腯
26. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 荼
27. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞
28. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 葖
29. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蒤
30. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跌
31. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跿
32. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 途
33. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酴
34. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈯 / 𨱄
35. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍎
36. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 馟
37. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駼 / 𬳿
38. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵅 / 𱉮
39. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵚 / 𪉍
40. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶟 / 𱊖
41. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷋 / 𱊠
42. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷵 / 𱊩
43. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鼵

Old Gutnish

Numeral

tú (masculine tweir, feminine twár)

1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweir (“two”)

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (compare Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu), Welsh ti).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt̪uː/

Pronoun

tú (genitive taí)

1. you (singular nominative), thou
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5^b28

     Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.

     It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92^a17

     Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

     To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.

Derived terms

• tussu (emphatic)

Descendants

• Irish: tú
• Manx: oo
• Scottish Gaelic: thu

Mutation

Mutation of tú

radical	lenition	nasalization
tú	thú	tú pronounced with /d̪-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Pichinglis

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tú/

Etymology 1

Pichinglis numbers ^(edit)

←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: tú

From English two.

Numeral

tú

1. two

Etymology 2

From English too.

Adverb

tú

1. too

References

• Kofi Yakpo (2019), A grammar of Pichi (Studies in Diversity Linguistics; 23)‎^[2], Berlin: Language Science Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 576

Slovincian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *tu

Slovincian tú

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʉ/
• Rhymes: -ʉ
• Syllabification: tú

Adverb

tú (not comparable)

1. here (at this place)

Further reading

• Lorentz, Friedrich (1912), “tʉ̇́”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎^[3] (in German), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1242

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (whence English thou).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/ [ˈt̪u]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tú
• Homophone: tu

Pronoun

tú

1. (informal) second person pronoun in singular tense; you

   Synonyms: (in and near Argentina) vos, (formal) usted, (archaic) vuestra merced, (obsolete) vusted

Usage notes

• When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first, it must be the last one, and tú must be said after any third person (this applies also for ti and mí):
  • Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.

Derived terms

• tutear (verb)
• tuteo m
• yo que tú
• ¿tú y cuántos más?

Descendants

• Chavacano: tu

See also

• usted (formal communication)

Spanish personal pronouns

				Nominative	Disjunctive	Dative	Accusative	Comitative
First-person	Singular			yo	mí	me		conmigo
	Plural	Masculine1		nosotros		nos		—
		Feminine		nosotras
Second-person	Singular	Tuteo		tú	ti	te		contigo
		Voseo		vos	—
		Formal2	Masculine1	usted		le, se3	lo
			Feminine				la
	Plural	Familiar4	Masculine1	vosotros		os
			Feminine	vosotras
		Formal/general2	Masculine1	ustedes		les, se3	los
			Feminine				las
Third-person	Singular	Masculine1		él		le, se3	lo
		Feminine		ella			la
		Neuter		ello5			lo
	Plural	Masculine1		ellos		les, se3	los
		Feminine		ellas			las
	Reflexive			—	sí	se		consigo

1. Like other masculine words, masculine pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
2. Treated as if it were third person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity.
3. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g. se lo dije instead of *le lo dije).
4. Used primarily in Spain.
5. Used only in rare circumstances.

Further reading

• “tú”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

Tsuut'ina

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Navajo tó

Noun

tú

1. water

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 秀.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tu˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tʊw˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tʊw˦˥]
• Homophone: Tú

Romanization

tú

1. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 秀

Derived terms

• tú tài
• tuấn tú
• ưu tú

Anagrams

• út, Út

Western Apache

Alternative forms

• tóo

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

tú

1. water

ǁAni

Etymology

From Proto-Khoe *tú (“rain; to rain”).

Noun

tú

1. rain

References

• https://starling.rinet.ru/