ē

See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"

ē U+0113, ē LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON Composition: e [U+0065] + ◌̄ [U+0304] ← Ē [U+0112] Latin Extended-A Ĕ → [U+0114]

Translingual

Symbol

ē

1. (phonetics) A common convention for a long vowel e

English

Symbol

ē

1. (lexicography) A dictionary transcription for the FLEECE vowel

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ə]

Letter

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)

1. (obsolete) The fourth letter of the 1901-1947 orthography, written in Latin script.

Japanese

Romanization

ē

1. Rōmaji transcription of ええ
2. Rōmaji transcription of エー

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɛː], IPA^(key): [æː]

Letter

Ē

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)

1. The eighth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called garais ē and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Despite being an independent letter with its own position in the Latvian alphabet, Ē/ē, like all long vowels with macrons, is treated as a simple E/e in alphabetized lists (e.g., in dictionaries).
• The letter Ē/ē (like its short counterpart E/e) represent two sounds, [ɛ] — šaurais e (“narrow e”) — and [æ] — platais e (“broad e”). In principle, [ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowels i, ī, e, ē, the diphthongs ie, ei, and the palatal consonants j, ķ, ģ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, č, dž, and, in the old spelling, ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise, [æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the letter e — [ɛ] or [æ] — must be memorized.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /eː/

Letter

ē (upper case Ē)

1. The ninth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Mandarin

Alternative forms

• e – nonstandard

Romanization

ē (e¹, Zhuyin ㄜ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妸
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妿
3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 娿
4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婀
5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婐
6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屙
7. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峉
8. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 猔
9. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 疤
10. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 痾／疴
11. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈳／钶
12. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 钶
13. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阾

Maori

Letter

ē

1. a lengthened form of the letter e

Min Nan

For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 會 (“to be possible; can”). (This character, ē, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 會.)

For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 裔 (“descendent; posterity; edge; brim; margin; etc.”). (This character, ē, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 裔.)

For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 解 (“skill of acrobatics”). (This character, ē, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 解.)

For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 廈 (“Only used in 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén); also used as its short form.”). (This character, ē, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 廈.)

For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 禍 (“disaster; misfortune; calamity; to bring disaster upon”). (This character, ē, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 禍.)

Niuean

Particle

ē (vocative particle)

1. o, oh, behold

Samoan

Pronoun

ē (singular lē)

1. (plural only) who; that; which

Slovene

Etymology 1

Letter e with macron ◌̄ to signify presence of both pitches.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /ɛ́ː/, IPA^(key): /ɛ̀ː/

Symbol

ē

1. (tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [ɛː] when it can bear either pitch.

Usage notes

Symbol is sometimes used as a letter to denote pitch in a word, but that is mostly limited to foreign or specialized dictionaries.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (sound): IPA^(key): /eː/
• (sound, educated): IPA^(key): /ɛː/

Letter

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)

1. (linguistics) Letter used for transcription of Ancient Greek letter Η / η.

See also

• ë
• é
• è
• e
• ê
• ȩ
• ɛ
• ḙ
• ė
• ẹ
• ə

References

• Toporišič, Jože (2000) Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Obzorja, →ISBN
• Toporišič, Jože (2001), “Slovaropisna pravila”, in Slovenski pravopis (in Slovene), Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, →ISBN, page 174