r

See also: R, г, and Appendix:Variations of "r"

Translingual

Unicode name	LATIN SMALL LETTER R
Codepoint	U+0072
q ← Basic Latin → s

Wikipedia

Etymology 1

Modification of capital letter R by not closing the bottom of the loop but continuing into the leg to save a pen stroke, later shortening the right leg into a simple arc.

Letter

r lower case (upper case R)

1. The eighteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Ss  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter R):  Ŕŕ  Řř  Ṙṙ  Ŗŗ  Ȑȑ  Ȓȓ  Ṛṛ  Ṝṝ  Ṟṟ  Ɍɍ  Ɽɽ  ᵲ  ᶉ  ɼ  ɾ  ᵳ  ʀ  Ｒｒ
• (select symbols) ® ℝ ɻ r̃
• (other scripts) Cyrillic р (r) я (ja), Greek ρ (r, “rho”), Hebrew ר (r, “resh”), Hangeul ㄹ (r, “rieul”)
• dog's letter

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA

  (file)

Symbol

Wikipedia

r

1. (engineering, geometry) radius
2. (IPA) alveolar trill
3. (phonetics) used in several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent an various other rhotic sounds (IPA^(key): /r/).

See also

Other representations of R:

• Letter styles
• 

  Capital and lowercase versions of R, in normal and italic type

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase R in Fraktur

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English

Etymology 1

Old English lower case letter r, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case r of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚱ.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): (non-rhotic) IPA^(key): /ɑ(ɹ)/, (rhotic) IPA^(key): /ɑɹ/, (Ireland) IPA^(key): /ɔɹ/
• (phoneme): (non-rhotic) IPA^(key): /ɹ/ or a lengthening of the previous vowel, (rhotic) IPA^(key): /ɹ/

Audio (UK)

(file)

Audio (US)

(file)

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The eighteenth letter of the English alphabet, called ar and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

Number

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The ordinal number eighteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ar and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

From are, pronounced like the name of the letter r

Verb

r (conjugated form of b)

1. (abbreviation, slang, text messaging, Internet) are (in text messaging and internet conversations)

   How r u — “How are you?”

Translations

text messaging: are

• Italian: 6 (it)

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Azeri

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Azeri alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) hərf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Əə, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Xx, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Qq, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɛr
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ɛr/

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• Previous letter: q
• Next letter: s

See also

• 'r

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Egyptian

Noun

1. mouth
   • Stela of Hekaib, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, AP 78,

     jnk nḏs jkr ḏd m r=f

     I was an excellent individual; one who spoke with his own mouth.

Preposition

1. regarding, with respect to, concerning, according to
2. for, in order to
3. against
4. from, apart from (ablative)
5. (with verbs of motion) to, towards
6. (of time) at, in, on
7. (after an adjective, forming the comparative) than

Usage notes

At the beginning of a sentence, and sometimes before pronouns

jr

Inflection

Adverbial form	jrj
	jr(j)

References

Allen, Middle Egyptian
Faulkner, Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian

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Esperanto

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called ro or ar and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) litero; Aa, Bb, Cc, Ĉĉ, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ĝĝ, Hh, Ĥĥ, Ii, Jj, Ĵĵ, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Ŝŝ, Tt, Uu, Ŭŭ, Vv, Zz

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Italian

Noun

r m, f (invariable)

1. See under R

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Latvian

Wikipedia ^lv

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɾ]

Letter

R

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called er and written in the Latin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

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Malay

Letter

r

1. The eighteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

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Mandarin

Romanization

r (Zhuyin ㄦ˙)

1. Pinyin reading of 兒, 儿

References

• Wenlin Pinyin dictionary
• erhua on Wikipedia.Wikipedia:erhua

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Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ærː/, /æɾː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /r/, /ɾ/, /ʁ/

Letter

r

1. The eighteenth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• IPA^(key): /ʁ/ is the pronunciation of r usually found in southern and southeastern dialects of Norway. Bergen has the dialect best known for this sound. Said to come from Danish and/or German, originally from French.
• Dialects with IPA^(key): /ʁ/ do not have retroflex consonants.

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Audio (BR)

  (file)

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, called erre and written in the Latin script.
   1. This letter may be present at the end of syllables and words.
      • 2003, Lya Wyler (translator), J. K. Rowling (English author), Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix (Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix), Rocco, page 75:

        Não o perdoou por abandonar o serviço em vez de seguir você.

        She didn't forgive him for abandoning his service instead of following you.

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /re/, /er/

Letter

r (lowercase, capital R)

1. The twentieth letter of the Romanian alphabet, written in the Latin script. Representing the phoneme /r/. Preceded by p and followed by s.

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Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• (uppercase) R

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /r/

Letter

r (Cyrillic spelling р)

1. The 23rd letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by p and followed by s.

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Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /r/

Letter

r (upper case R)

1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) bukva; Aa, Ââ, Bb, Cc, Čč, Ʒʒ, Ǯǯ, Dd, Đđ, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ǧǧ, Ǥǥ, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ǩǩ, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ŋŋ, Oo, Õõ, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Vv, Zz, Žž, Åå, Ää, ˊ

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Spanish

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Turkish

Letter

r (lower case, upper case R)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Turkish alphabet, called re and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) harf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz