J

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See also: j [U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J], Appendix:Variations of "j", and ل [U+0644 ARABIC LETTER LAM]‎

J U+004A, J
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
← I
[U+0049] 		Basic Latin K →
[U+004B]
Ｊ U+FF2A, Ｊ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
← Ｉ
[U+FF29] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｋ →
[U+FF2B]

Translingual[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From a modification of the Latin letter I (“i”), from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, “i”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, “iota”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉‎ (y, “yod”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

Letter[edit]

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also[edit]

Symbol[edit]

J

  1. (metrology) The symbol for joule, the unit of work or energy in the International System of Units
  2. jack (playing card)
  3. (linguistics) A wildcard for a palatal consonant
    Synonym: Ɉ
  4. (Voice Quality Symbols) position of the jaw (modified for protruded, offset, etc.)
  5. (clothing) Bra cup size.

Numeral[edit]

J (upper case Roman numeral, lower case j)

  1. Archaic form of I (“1”) used at the end of a number.
    VIIJ ― 8

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of J, in normal and italic type

    Uppercase and lowercase versions of J, in normal and italic type

  • Uppercase and lowercase J in Fraktur

    Uppercase and lowercase J in Fraktur

See also[edit]

Other representations of J:

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Audio (UK)(file)

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j, plural Js or J's)

  1. The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • In some names beginning with "J" of northern or eastern European origin, "J" is pronounced as a "Y", for example in the former country of Jugoslavia, which in English more recently is more commonly spelled as Yugoslavia.
  • In Spanish names and loanwords beginning with "J", the "J" is usually pronounced as an "H", for example in the name Julio.

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

J (plural Js or J's or JJ)

  1. (slang) (plural Js or J's) A marijuana cigarette. (Abbreviation of joint.)
    • 1980 July, Paul Simon (lyrics and music), “Late in the Evening”, in One-Trick Pony:
      I stepped outside to smoke myself a J.
    • 1998, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski, spoken by The Dude (Jeff Bridges):
      Mind if I do a J?
    • 2023, “Modern Day Ripoff”, in Every Loser, performed by Iggy Pop:
      I ran out of blow a long time ago / I can't smoke a J or my guts fly away
  2. In the name of a serial publication: abbreviation of Journal.
    • 1969, The Law Commission, Family Law: Report on Financial Provision in Matrimonial Proceedings (Law Com. No. 25)‎[1], London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, →OCLC, paragraph 29, note 57:
      "Custody or upbringing" is regarded as including access; yet in B. v. B. & F. above no regard was paid to the welfare of the infants which was irrelevant to the particular issue with which the court was concerned—namely whether children were "children of the family". But the effect was to deprive the husband of access and it seems clear that whether or not he was the father, access could have been awarded to him in an application other than under s. 34 of the 1965 Act if the welfare of the children so demanded: [1969] Cam. L.J. [Cambridge Law Journal] 37 […]
  3. (law, postnominal) (plural JJ) Abbreviation of judge or justice.
    • 1992 June 3, Chief Justice Anthony Mason; Justice Michael McHugh, “Mabo v Queensland (No 2)”, in Australasian Legal Information Institute‎[2], High Court of Australia:
      In the result, six members of the Court (Dawson J. dissenting) are in agreement that the common law of this country recognizes a form of native title which, in the cases where it has not been extinguished, reflects the entitlement of the indigenous inhabitants, in accordance with their laws or customs, to their traditional lands and that, subject to the effect of some particular Crown leases, the land entitlement of the Murray Islanders in accordance with their laws or customs is preserved, as native title, under the law of Queensland. The main difference between those members of the Court who constitute the majority is that, subject to the operation of the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth), neither of us nor Brennan J. agrees with the conclusion to be drawn from the judgments of Deane, Toohey and Gaudron JJ. that, at least in the absence of clear and unambiguous statutory provision to the contrary, extinguishment of native title by the Crown by inconsistent grant is wrongful and gives rise to a claim for compensatory damages.
  4. (Britain, road transport) Abbreviation of junction.
    The Highways Agency plan to close J10 of the M5 to refurbish the motorway bridge.
  5. (card games) Abbreviation of jack.
  6. (basketball) Abbreviation of jump shot.
    • 2017 February 18, Mike Gantner, “Durant a big admirer of DeRozan and his work ethic”, in Toronto Sun‎[3]:
      And Durant had a front seat for just how much work DeRozan was putting in during their time together in Rio. "I watched him man," Durant said. "His footwork in the post is flawless. His jump shot in the mid-range is incredible. That is the type of stuff I look at as a basketball guy, his footwork, his mechanics on his J, his handle. At first he was a dunker and he barely dunks now. He’s a finesse player but he can play power forward. I’m a big fan."
  7. (slang, chiefly in the plural) (plural Js or J's) an Air Jordan shoe
    • 2022 December 21, Ghetto Smosh, MY J’S CAN TALK!?!?‎[4], 1:57 from the start:
      Don't pay no mind, Antwon, it's just an angry-ass J...

Related terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

References[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

J

  1. (religion) Abbreviation of Jehovist.

See also[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /jɛ/

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

J (plural J's, diminutive J'tjie)

  1. J

Angami[edit]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Angami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Letter[edit]

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Basque[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (Southern) /xota/, [xo̞.t̪a]
  • IPA(key): (Northern) /jota/, [jo̞.t̪a]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Central Franconian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

  • /j/, /ɣ/ are from West Germanic stem-inital *j; from stem-internal *g; from stem-initial *g in Ripuarian and northernmost Moselle Franconian.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • /j/, [j], (Moselle Franconian also) [ʑ]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes[edit]

  • After back vowels, /ɣ/ (see G) is used instead of /j/ with few exceptions. The difference between these is thus widely allophonic.
Doubling of J and use in the syllable coda
  • Intervocalically after short (front) vowels, j may be doubled to jj.
  • In the syllable coda, j is replaced with ch in the German-based spelling, g in the Dutch-based spelling.

Chinese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Initialism of jer (“penis”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

J

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang, euphemistic) penis (Classifier: 條／条 c)
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) person
    廢J／废J [Cantonese]  ―  fai3 zei1 [Jyutping]  ―  loser
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 陰莖 (“penis; male genitalia”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 玉莖, 陽具, 陽物, 陰體, 人道, 身根
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 陰莖, 陽具, 男根
Mandarin Beijing 雞巴, 卵子, 家伙, 帽兒, 大帽兒, 雀子 †, 小雞兒 †, 小蟲兒 †
Taiwan 雞雞, 屌, 肉棒, 老二, 命根, 命根子, 小弟弟, 小鳥 †, 小雞雞 †
Harbin 雞巴, 雞巴嘚兒, 雞巴頭子, 嘚兒, 牛子, 老二, 二哥, 腿兒, 牛牛兒 †, 小牛子 †, 家雀兒 †
Yantai (Muping) 鴨子, 雞子, 雞巴, 屌, 小鴨兒 †
Jinan 屌, 小雞兒 †, 小雞雞 †
Luoyang 雞巴, 屌, 膀, 雞巴兒 †, 小雞兒雞兒 †
Wanrong 鴨子, 鴨兒 †
Xi'an 㞗, 錘子, 牛牛兒 †
Yinchuan 㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞 †
Lanzhou 㞗, 牛牛子 †
Xining 雞巴, 㞗, 錘子, 雞雞 †
Ürümqi 㞗, 㞗把子, 錘子, 雞雞 †, 㞗㞗 †
Wuhan 鴨蒂, 雞巴, 卵, 雀雀 †, 鴨鴨 †, 雞雞 †
Huanggang 卵, 雞巴
Chengdu 錘子, 雞巴, 雞棍兒, 雞兒, 雀雀兒, 雀雀, 麻雀兒, 毛鰱魚, 老二, 㞗, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 小麻雀兒 †, 小雀雀兒 †
Guiyang 雞巴, 大雞巴, 乾雞巴, 馬雞巴, 卵子, 㞗, 屌, 下二哥, 二哥, 甩甩, 錘錘 dated, 錘子 dated, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 麻雀 †, 小麻雀 †, 雀雀 †
Liuzhou 鳥, 卵, 二老爺, 大頭蟲, 鳥崽 †
Xuzhou 屌, 雞巴, 雞尜尜, 屌頭子, 老二, 二哥, 一家人兒, 打種的 dated, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 尜尜 †, 小老雀兒 †, 老雀兒 †
Yangzhou 雞巴, 屌子, 屌, 卵子, 麻雀子 †
Nanjing 雞巴, 屌, 麻雀, 小麻雀兒 †
Hefei 屌, 雞巴, 尕尕雞 †, 尕雞 †
Nantong 屌兒, 屌
Singapore 小鳥 †
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 㞗
Cantonese Guangzhou 鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓舟, 小便, 祠堂, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 鳩脧 †, 脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
Hong Kong 鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓舟, 弟弟, 細佬, 何B仔, 子孫根, 祠堂, 第三隻腳, 第五肢, 是非根, J slang, 丁 slang, 丁丁 slang, 腸 slang, 腸仔 slang, 嘢 euphemistic, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 脧脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 𡳞, 鵝仔 †
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 鵝仔, 𡳞
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 𡳞, 𡳞仔 †
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 𡳞
Macau 鳩
Guangzhou (Panyu) 鳩, 𨳍
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 鳩
Guangzhou (Conghua) 鳩
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 鳩
Foshan 鳩
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 鳩
Foshan (Shunde) 鳩
Foshan (Sanshui) 鳩, 𨳍
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 鳩
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鳩, 𨳍
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 𨳍
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 鳩脧, 𨳍
Zhuhai (Doumen) 𨳍, 鳩
Jiangmen (Baisha) 雀, 𡳞
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 𡳞, 鳩
Taishan 𡳞, 雀 †, 雀仔 †
Kaiping (Chikan) 𡳞, 𨳍
Enping (Niujiang) 𡳞, 𨳍
Heshan (Yayao) 𨳍
Dongguan 𡳞, 鵝必 †
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 𡳞
Qingyuan 鳩
Fogang 𨳍
Yingde (Hanguang) 鳩
Yangshan 巧
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 巧
Shaoguan 𨳍
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 鳩
Renhua 𡳞子
Lechang 雞巴, 𨳍
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 鳩
Sihui 巧, 鳩, 𨳍
Guangning 巧
Deqing 屌, 𨳍
Huaiji 鳩
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 鳩
Yunfu 𨳍
Xinxing 𨳍
Luoding 𨳍
Yunan (Pingtai) 鳩
Yangjiang 鳩, 𨳍
Xinyi 𨳍
Nanning 𨳍
Hepu (Lianzhou) 鳩脧
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
Singapore (Guangfu) 𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 賓舟
Gan Nanchang 卵, 卵雞子 †, 卵雞 †
Lichuan 卵, 老二
Pingxiang 卵, 卵仔 †, 雞仔 †
Hakka Meixian 𡳞棍, 𡳞仔, 𡳞, 脧, 脧仔 †
Xingning 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 𡳞
Huidong (Daling) 𡳞棍, 脧仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 脧
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 脧
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 𡳞, 脧
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 𨳍
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Wuhua (Huacheng) 脧哩, 脧, 𡳞棍
Wuhua (Changbu) 脧
Wuhua (Mianyang) 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Heyuan (Bendihua) 𡳞
Wengyuan 𡳞子
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 𡳞棍
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 𡳞棍, 脧
Liannan 脧子
Conghua (Lütian) 𨳍
Jiexi 脧
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 𡳞
Changting 𡳞子, 𡳞
Wuping 𡳞
Wuping (Yanqian) 𡳞子
Wuping (Pingyu) 𡳞
Liancheng 𡳞, 脧
Ninghua 脧
Yudu 卵, 卵子 †, 尒卵子 †
Ningdu 卵
Ruijin 卵陀
Shicheng 卵梗
Shangyou (Shexi) 卵
Tonggu (Sandu) 卵子
Ganzhou (Panlong) 卵
Dayu 卵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 𡳞棍
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 𡳞棍
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 𡳞棍
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 脧子
Hong Kong 𡳞, 脧 †
Mengshan (Xihe) 𡳞
Luchuan 脧
Sabah (Bao'an) 𡳞棍, 𡳞
Sabah (Longchuan) 脧仔
Senai (Huiyang) 𡳞棍
Singkawang 脧
Huizhou Jixi 鳥, 老八鳥, 八鳥
Shexian 鳥
Tunxi 雞兒, 鳥兒
Xiuning 鳥, 卵, 雞兒, 雞雞 †, 下身 euphemistic
Yixian 卵
Qimen 屌兒
Wuyuan 菩蒂
Jin Taiyuan 㞗, 雞巴, 雀兒, 雞雞 †, 狗雞兒 †
Pingyao 㞗兒, 秤桿, 狗雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 狗雞雞 †
Xinzhou 㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞, 二掌櫃, 小腹, 雞溜子 †, 雞溜 †, 毛㞗 of an adult
Min Bei Jian'ou 𫵓, 𫵓仔, 𫵓𫵓仔 †
Jian'ou (Dikou) 𫵓
Songxi 𫵓
Zhenghe 𫵓
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 𫵓牯
Jianyang 𫵓
Wuyishan 脧
Pucheng (Shibei) 脧
Min Dong Fuzhou 欛欛, 䐯鳥, 欛欛囝 †, 鳥鳥囝 †, 䐯鳥囝 †
Changle 欛欛囝
Fuqing 䐯, 鳥 †
Yongtai 䐯鳥
Gutian 䐯鳥
Fu'an 䐯鳥
Ningde 䐯
Shouning 䐯鳥
Zhouning 䐯鳥
Fuding 䐯䐯, 䐯鳥
Matsu 欛欛
Min Nan Xiamen 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Xiamen (Tong'an) 𡳞鳥
Quanzhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Jinjiang 𡳞鳥
Anxi 𡳞鳥
Yongchun 𡳞鳥
Zhangzhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Zhangpu 𡳞
Dongshan 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥仔 †
Taipei 𡳞鳥
New Taipei (Sanxia) 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung 𡳞鳥
Yilan 𡳞鳥
Changhua (Lukang) 𡳞鳥
Taichung 𡳞鳥
Taichung (Wuqi) 𡳞鳥
Tainan 𡳞鳥, 戛, 訶
Taitung 𡳞鳥
Hsinchu 𡳞鳥
Kinmen 𡳞鳥
Penghu (Magong) 𡳞鳥
Penang (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 小弟, 咕咕鳥, 咕咕
Singapore (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 弟弟, 小弟, 咕咕鳥 †, childish
Manila (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥
Zhangping (Yongfu) 𡳞, 𡳞公仔 †
Datian 𡳞鳥
Pingnan (Shangdu) 鳩
Chaozhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Raoping 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Shantou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Shantou (Chaoyang) 𡳞鳥
Jieyang 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 鳥 †, 龜鳥 †
Haifeng 𡳞鳥
Bangkok (Teochew) 鳥, 𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 𡳞
Hat Yai (Teochew) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 𡳞
Singapore (Teochew) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Leizhou 𡳞, 鳥, 殼車
Wenchang 頹
Haikou 頹, 鳥 †
Puxian Min Putian 𡳞, 𡳞囝
Putian (Donghai) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Putian (Jiangkou) 𡳞, 𡳞囝
Putian (Nanri) 𡳞, 𡳞囝, 𡳞鳥 †, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou (Fengting) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou (Youyang) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Min Zhong Yong'an 脧
Sanyuan 脧
Shaxian 脧仔
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 𨳍, 麻鳥, 二老弟, 慈姑椗 †
Shehua Fu'an 𡳞仔
Fuding 𡳞仔
Luoyuan 𡳞仔
Sanming 𡳞仔
Shunchang 𡳞仔
Hua'an 𡳞仔
Guixi (Zhangping) 𡳞仔
Cangnan 𡳞仔
Jingning 𡳞
Lishui 𡳞
Longyou 𡳞鳥
Chaozhou 𡳞仔
Fengshun 𡳞仔
Wu Shanghai 卵, 屌屌 †, 屌屌頭 †, 小雞雞 †, 麻鳥 †
Shanghai (Chongming) 卵, 卵子, 卵卵 †, 小尿螺 †
Suzhou 卵, 鳥, 雞雞 †, 小卵 †, 長生果 †
Wuxi 卵
Danyang 卵, 卵子, 屌子, 屌, 雞巴, 雞雞 †, 小雀雀 †, 雀雀 †, 八八 †, 八雞 †
Hangzhou 雀兒, 八屌, 卵脬, 小八屌 †, 麻雀兒 †, 麻油壺兒 †
Ningbo 卵, 卵子, 卵瓜瓜 †, 瓜瓜 †
Wenzhou 頹, 卵脬, 卵脬兒, 臀卵脬, 脬兒 †, 脬脬兒 †, 奶哥鳥兒 †
Jinhua 老八兒, 聊子, 雀, 雞巴, 八兒八兒 †
Xiang Changsha 卵, 雞巴, 掉它, 太鬍子, 雞雞 †, 鳥鳥 †, 鳥 †, 梗梗 †
Loudi 雞巴, 卵, 勺欛腦殼, 雞雞 †, 雞崽唧 †
Shuangfeng 卵子, 雞蓀子 †
Quanzhou 屌把
Note † - of a boy

Verb[edit]

J (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang)

  1. to masturbate; to have sexual fantasy towards another individual
  2. (in general) to fantasize; to fantasize about something

Adjective[edit]

J

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang) pertaining or related to masturbation
    J圖／J图 [Cantonese]  ―  zei1 tou4 [Jyutping]  ―  lewd, sexually-suggestive image

Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 J
alternative forms 積／积 Cantonese

From the letter J of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.

Mandarin gōu
From 鉤／钩 (gōu, “hook”), because the letter J resembles a hook.
Cantonese zik1
Borrowed from English jack.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

J

  1. (card games) jack (Classifier: 隻／只; 張／张)
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 鉤兒 (“jack (playing cards)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Mandarin Beijing 鉤兒
Luoyang 鉤, 十一
Zhengzhou 鉤, 十一
Xi'an 丁子
Ürümqi 丁鉤兒
Wuhan 鉤子, 鉤, 鉤鉤, 孫子
Guiyang 鉤鉤, 鉤, 夾鉤
Liuzhou 歐
Xuzhou 丁鉤兒, 甲鉤兒
Yangzhou 茄鉤, 傑鉤
Nanjing 丁鉤
Cantonese Guangzhou 積
Hong Kong 積
Taishan 積
Wuzhou 積
Yulin 鉤
Gan Nanchang 鉤
Lichuan 鉤子
Pingxiang 鉤子, 鉤
Hakka Yudu 鉤子
Huizhou Jixi 丁鉤
Jin Taiyuan 鉤子
Min Nan Xiamen 丁
Shantou 丁
Wu Shanghai (Chongming) 斜鉤
Suzhou 茄杠

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. The tenth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notes[edit]
  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: I
  • Next letter: K

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo or je and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on Swedish, German and Latin. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the German alphabet.

Symbol[edit]

J

  1. (chemistry) The chemical symbol of iodine.
  2. (card games) A jack, also called Junge.

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈj]
  • (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈjeː]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called jé and written in the Latin script.

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative J J-k
accusative J-t J-ket
dative J-nek J-knek
instrumental J-vel J-kkel
causal-final J-ért J-kért
translative J-vé J-kké
terminative J-ig J-kig
essive-formal J-ként J-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive J-ben J-kben
superessive J-n J-ken
adessive J-nél J-knél
illative J-be J-kbe
sublative J-re J-kre
allative J-hez J-khez
elative J-ből J-kből
delative J-ről J-kről
ablative J-től J-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		J-é J-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		J-éi J-kéi
Possessive forms of J
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. J-m J-im
2nd person sing. J-d J-id
3rd person sing. J-je J-i
1st person plural J-nk J-ink
2nd person plural J-tek J-itek
3rd person plural J-jük J-ik

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Ido[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒe/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Italian[edit]

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name) IPA(key): /i‿lˈlun.ɡa/, /i‿lˈlun.ɡo/, /ˈd͡ʒɛj/, /ˈd͡ʒej/, /ˈjɔd/[1]
  • (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /j/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/ (varies according to the source language of the borrowed term)

Letter[edit]

J f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Usage notes[edit]

  • The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. It is found in loanwords, including Latinisms, where it is a variant of the letter I.
  • Until the early 20th century, however, it was common (though surely not obligatory) to replace I with J when it had the sound /j/ and was both preceded and followed by a vowel; thus cuoiaio was also written cuojajo.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ J in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Latin[edit]

In Latin, the letter J is a modern typographical convention for the consonant form of I. The letter I in ancient times represented either a vowel or a consonant, see I for more information.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

References[edit]

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation[edit]

(file)

Letter[edit]

J

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called jē and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Malay[edit]

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Name of letter) IPA(key): [d͡ʒe]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA(key): [d͡ʒ]
  • (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA(key): [t͡ʃ]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Norwegian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case J, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Norwegian alphabet
Usage notes[edit]

In old inscriptions and texts may be replaced by i. In neo-runic inscriptions from 17-19th centuries is usually replaced with the rune ᛁ (sometimes with a dot ontop, so it looks like the letter İ)

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from English J, a short form of joint

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

J m (definite singular J'en, uncountable)

  1. (slang) a joint (marijuna cigarette)

Nupe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/, [ˈʒɔ.tɐ]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or jî and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Saanich[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Skolt Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Letter[edit]

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. The 11th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by I and followed by K.

Somali[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, called ja and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by T and followed by X.

See also[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet

Swedish[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet

See also[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

J

  1. Archaic form of ni (“you”), alternative letter-case form of j [since 1522][1]
    Synonyms: I, i
    • 1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Swenska Sprätthöken, Comédie, Uti 5. Acter‎[5], page 40:
      [...] och då skall J få bli qwar i Stockholm, til deß måßan wäxer på Er, för Juncker Torbiörn.
      [...] and then You will stay in Stockholm, until the moss grows on you, for Juncker Torbiörn.

References[edit]

  1. ^ I in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tagalog[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Spanish J. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English J.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish J.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: J
  • (letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA(key): /djej/, [d͡ʒɛɪ̯]
  • (letter name, Abecedario): IPA(key): /ˈhota/, [ˈho.tɐ]
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /dj/, [d͡ʒ]
  • (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords): IPA(key): /h/, [h]
  • (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete): IPA(key): /s/, [s]
  • Rhymes: -ej, -ota

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

  1. The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called dyey and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes[edit]
  • This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
  • Some purists of Tagalog replace J in words with DY.

See also[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆ)

  1. (historical) The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called jota and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes[edit]
  • Some Spanish words originally with Spanish J tend to be replaced with H in Tagalog.

Further reading[edit]

Turkish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Uzbek[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (lower case j)

  1. The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by I and followed by L.

Mutation[edit]

  • J cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter J, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒí/

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called jí and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Zulu[edit]

Letter[edit]

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

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