z

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "z"

z U+007A, z
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
← y
[U+0079] 		Basic Latin { →
[U+007B]
ᶻ U+1DBB, ᶻ
MODIFIER LETTER SMALL Z
← ᶺ
[U+1DBA] 		Phonetic Extensions Supplement ᶼ →
[U+1DBC]
𝆎 U+1D18E, 𝆎
MUSICAL SYMBOL Z
← 𝆍
[U+1D18D] 		Musical Symbols 𝆏 →
[U+1D18F]
ｚ U+FF5A, ｚ
FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
← ｙ
[U+FF59] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｛ →
[U+FF5B]

Translingual[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(file)

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth and last letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also[edit]

Symbol[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

z

  1. (metrology) Symbol for the prefix zepto-.
  2. (astronomy) Symbol for the redshift.
  3. (mathematics) Used to denote a real variable when x and y are already in use.
  4. (mathematics) Used to denote the third coordinate in three-dimensional Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems.
  5. (mathematics) Used to denote a complex variable.
  6. (statistics) Used to denote a value of a standard normal random variable.
  7. (chemistry) Symbol for atomic number.
  8. (IPA) a voiced alveolar sibilant.
    (superscript ⟨ᶻ⟩) [z]-fricated release of a plosive, sometimes implying an affricate; [z]-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [z].
    Lushootseed uses this convention for its alphabetic letter ⟨dᶻ⟩.

Derived terms[edit]

Prefix zepto-

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of Z, in normal and italic type

    Uppercase and lowercase versions of Z, in normal and italic type

  • Uppercase and lowercase Z in Fraktur

    Uppercase and lowercase Z in Fraktur

See also[edit]

Other representations of Z:

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter name

Phoneme

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z, plural zs or z's)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the English alphabet, called zed, zee, or izzard and written in the Latin script.
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Abbreviations.

z

  1. (stenoscript) the sound /z/, regardless of spelling.
    Note: plural /s/, /z/ or /əz/ in nouns is instead indicated by an optional dot under last letter; 3sg /s/, /z/ or /əz/ in verbs is not written at all, except for hz 'has', sz 'says', dz 'does'
  2. (stenoscript) the sound /ʃ/, /ʒ/, or the sequence /ziː/.
  3. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of as, was, his, she.

Alemannic German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Article[edit]

z n

  1. Synonym of s: the
    Gfallt der z Huus? ― Do you like the house?

Etymology 2[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z

  1. unstressed form of of zue
    Mir wonen z Züri. ― We live in Zurich.

Etymology 3[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z

  1. unstressed form of of zu
    Das isch z vill. ― This is too much.

Azerbaijani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z lower case (upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Basque[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /s̻eta/, [s̻e̞.t̪a]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Basque alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Cimbrian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 's (Sette Comuni)

Article[edit]

z

  1. (Luserna) the; definite article for two declensions:
    1. nominative singular neuter
    2. accusative singular neuter

See also[edit]

Cimbrian definite articles
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative dar de / di 's / z de / di
Accusative in de / di 's / z de / di
Dative me dar me in

References[edit]

Czech[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Czech z, ze, from Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z [+genitive]

  1. from
    Toto víno pochází z Francie. ― This wine comes from France.
  2. out of
    Pět z deseti doktorů doporučuje tuto zubní pastu. ― Five out of ten doctors recommend this toothpaste.

Usage notes[edit]

  • The more usual form is z, while ze is used before words starting with s, z and certain consonant clusters.
  • In certain contexts (in the meaning "out of the surface" or "down from the surface") the preposition s, which normally requires instrumental case, can be used synonymously requiring the genitive case. This use of the preposition s is dated though and is mainly seen in older literature.
    • spadnout z/s kopce ― to fall down the hill
    • sundat něco ze/se skříně ― to take something off the cupboard

Further reading[edit]

  • z in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • z in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: y

Egyptian[edit]

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

z
Z1

 m

  1. A door bolt of wood or copper [since the Pyramid Texts]
Inflection[edit]
Declension of z (masculine)
singular z
dual zwj
plural zw
Alternative forms[edit]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of z  
z
z
M3
z
t		 M3
z
t Z1		 M3
[Old Kingdom] [New Kingdom] [Late Period] [Late Period]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

 

Noun[edit]

z&A1&Z1

 m

  1. man (male person) [since the Old Kingdom]
  2. someone, anyone
Usage notes[edit]

This word can be placed after a type of person and before a number to indicate that many prisoners of that type were taken.

Inflection[edit]
Declension of z (masculine)
singular z
dual zwj
plural zw
Alternative forms[edit]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of z  
A1
z
z&A1
z
Z1 A1
sA1
sZ1A1
siA1
Aa18A1
z z z z s s sj sꜣ
[Old Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom] [since the 19th Dynasty] [since the 19th Dynasty] [Late Period] [Greco-Roman Period]
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Coptic: ⲥⲁ- (sa-)

Noun[edit]

z

 m

  1. being, creature (used of a snake) [Pyramid Texts]
Inflection[edit]
Declension of z (masculine)
singular z
dual zwj
plural zw

Noun[edit]

z

 m

  1. A type of fish [22nd dynasty]
Inflection[edit]
Declension of z (masculine)
singular z
dual zwj
plural zw

References[edit]

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called zo and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Estonian alphabet, called tsett and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Used only in loanwords.

See also[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on Swedish, German and Latin. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and z for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called tseta or tset and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with ts.

See also[edit]

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name) IPA(key): /zɛd/

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

z

  1. Romanization of 𐌶

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈz]
  • (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈzeː]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called zé and written in the Latin script.

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative z z-k
accusative z-t z-ket
dative z-nek z-knek
instrumental z-vel z-kkel
causal-final z-ért z-kért
translative z-vé z-kké
terminative z-ig z-kig
essive-formal z-ként z-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive z-ben z-kben
superessive z-n z-ken
adessive z-nél z-knél
illative z-be z-kbe
sublative z-re z-kre
allative z-hez z-khez
elative z-ből z-kből
delative z-ről z-kről
ablative z-től z-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		z-é z-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		z-éi z-kéi
Possessive forms of z
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. z-m z-im
2nd person sing. z-d z-id
3rd person sing. z-je z-i
1st person plural z-nk z-ink
2nd person plural z-tek z-itek
3rd person plural z-jük z-ik

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • z in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Ido[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (context pronunciation) IPA(key): /z/
  • (letter name) IPA(key): /ze/

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /z/ (usually unless before a voiced consonant)
  • IPA(key): /s/ (sometimes before a voiced consonant e.g. Mazmur)

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Used only in loanwords from Arabic, English, etc.

See also[edit]

Italian[edit]

Letter[edit]

z f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Italian alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The minuscule form derives from the majuscule Z.

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Classical Latin alphabet, called zēta.

References[edit]

  • z in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “z”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation[edit]

This entry needs audio files. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record some and upload them. (For audio required quickly, visit WT:APR.)

Letter[edit]

Z

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Latvian alphabet, called zē and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Livonian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-eighth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called zet and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ze (used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /z/, (before a voiceless consonant) /s/

Preposition[edit]

z (with genitive)

  1. from, out of

Etymology 3[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom.

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ze (used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /z/, (before a voiceless consonant) /s/

Preposition[edit]

z (with instrumental)

  1. with
    Stej bratš ze sotšu.
    They are brother and sister
    (literally, “brother with sister”)
    .

Malay[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Maltese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /t͡s/, /d͡z/
  • Simple z is almost always /t͡s/. Geminated zz is also predominantly voiceless, but intervocalically it may represent /dd͡z/, notably in the verbal suffix -izza.

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The thirtieth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Norwegian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /set/, /sɛt/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, /ʃ/
  • Audio(file)

Letter[edit]

z

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Not used in Norwegian, only appears in loanwords from e.g. Slavic.
  • Used interchangeably with s in Internet slang and informal writing.

Nupe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Old Polish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz.

Preposition[edit]

z [+genitive]

  1. denotes delative movement; off of
  2. denotes elative movement; out of
  3. denotes duration; since
  4. denotes a change of state; from
  5. denotes the composition of an item; from, out of, of
  6. denotes origin or cause; because of, from
  7. with a noun, denotes manner; by means of, from

Preposition[edit]

z [+accusative]

  1. denotes delative movement; off of

Preposition[edit]

z [+accusative]

  1. denotes delative movement; off of

Particle[edit]

z

  1. approximately, about
Descendants[edit]
  • Polish: z

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n).

Preposition[edit]

z [+instrumental]

  1. denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside
  2. denotes instrumental relation; with, by means of
  3. denotes origin or cause; because of, from
Descendants[edit]
  • Polish: z

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and z for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z, lower case)

  1. The thirtieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called zet and written in the Latin script.
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish z, from Proto-Slavic *jьz.

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ze
  • s (obsolete) [19th c.]

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z [+genitive]

  1. Denotes delative movement; off of
    Jesteś z przodu czy z tyłu? ― Are you at the front or at the back?
  2. Denotes duration; since
  3. Denotes a change of state; from
  4. Denotes origin or cause; because of, from
  5. Denotes elative movement; out of
    Jestem z Polski. ― I'm from Poland.
    jeden z dziesięciu ― one out of ten
  6. Denotes the composition of an item; from, out of, of
    motyka z drewna ― a hoe made of wood

Particle[edit]

z

  1. (colloquial) ish approximately, about
    Synonyms: mniej więcej, około
    Mam z pięć jabłek ― I have five ish apples.

Etymology 3[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish z, from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n).

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ze
  • s (obsolete) [19th c.]

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z [+instrumental]

  1. Denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside
    Antonym: bez
  2. Denotes instrumental relation; with, by means of
    Podróżuje z prędkością światła! ― It's travelling at the speed of light?

Usage notes[edit]

  • The preposition or particle generally changes to ze when the pronunciation of the two consecutive words becomes problematic. Some dictionaries claim that this rule applies to words starting with one of the following consonants: s, z, ś, ź, ż, rz, sz that are followed by another consonant. [1] Examples include:
    Ten pręt jest z żelaza. ― This rod is made of iron.
    Ten pręt jest ze stali. ― This rod is made of steel.
    Pochodzę z Francji. ― I come from France.
    Pochodzę ze Szwecji. ― I come from Sweden.
  • Both z and ze can be used before sobą.

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), z is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1744 times in scientific texts, 1828 times in news, 1527 times in essays, 1920 times in fiction, and 1291 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 8310 times, making it the 7th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Wielki słownik poprawnej polszczyzny. Keyword "z".
  2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “z”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 723, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 2

Further reading[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. (International Standard) The thirtieth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The thirty-first letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ze, zet, zed, or zî and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Sani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

z

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, volumes 26-27 (2003, Department of Linguistics, University of California), page 74
  • Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wan Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing) (has z̊³³)

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • (uppercase) Z

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

  1. (Kajkavian, Chakavian, Croatia) (+ instrumental case) with
    • 1501, Marko Marulić, Judita:
      požgat su pritili sela naša stane,
      žene z dicom htili vest u svoje strane,
      inim dati rane, svih smrtno sikući;
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • 1622, Ivan Gundulić, Suze sina razmetnoga:
      od svjetlosti zrak otvori,
      i ostaše razlučene,
      z bielim danom noćne sjene:
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • 1927, Dragutin Domjanić, Kaj:
      I srce mi greje
      I z menom se smeje
      I v žalosti plače takaj.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
  2. (Kajkavian) (+ genitive case) from, out of
    • 1927, Dragutin Domjanić, Kaj vrt si senja:
      Oblaček po nebu
      Si stiha putuje,
      A z trave još samo
      Šćurica se čuje.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Synonyms[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

  1. The 29th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by v and followed by ž.

Skolt Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The thirty-third letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Slovak[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • zo (see usage notes)

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z

  1. from

Usage notes[edit]

  • The zo form is used when the following word starts with the letter z, ž, s, š and certain consonant clusters.

Further reading[edit]

  • z in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene[edit]

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Etymology 1[edit]

See Translingual section.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script. Preceded by v and followed by ž.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom.

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

z

  1. (with instrumental) with, by means of, using
  2. (with instrumental) (together) with, in the company of
  3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Alternative forms[edit]
  • s (before a voiceless consonant)

Further reading[edit]

  • “z”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (phoneme) /s/, /θ/
  • IPA(key): (letter name, Spain) /ˈθeta/ [ˈθe.t̪a]
  • IPA(key): (letter name, Latin America) /ˈseta/ [ˈse.t̪a]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Spanish alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

Swedish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter name
Phoneme

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called säta or zäta and written in the Latin script.

Turkish[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Turkmen[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (upper case Z)

  1. The thirtieth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Zulu[edit]

Letter[edit]

z (lower case, upper case Z)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=z&oldid=73375063"