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Y

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: y, Ɏ, ¥, 丫, ㄚ, and Appendix:Variations of "y"

Y U+0059, Y
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y
← X
[U+0058] 		Basic Latin Z →
[U+005A]
Character variations
Ｙ U+FF39, Ｙ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y
← Ｘ
[U+FF38] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｚ →
[U+FF3A]
𜳮 U+1CCEE, 𜳮
OUTLINED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y
← 𜳭
[U+1CCED] 		Symbols for Legacy Computing Supplement 𜳯 →
[U+1CCEF]
Languages (42)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Azerbaijani • Basque • Catalan • Central Franconian • Chinese • Dutch • Estonian • Finnish • French • German • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Irish • Italian • Kankanaey • Kashubian • Latin • Lower Sorbian • Malay • Navajo • Nupe • Old English • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Saanich • Silesian • Slovene • Somali • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Turkish • Vietnamese • Welsh • Yoruba • Zulu
Page categories

Translingual

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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A late borrowing from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), first used to write Greek loanwords in Latin, derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲. Doublet of U, V, and F.

Letter

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Y (lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

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Symbol

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Y

  2. (chemistry) Chemical symbol for yttrium.
  3. (metrology) Symbol for prefix yotta-
  4. (genetics) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for any pyrimidine
  5. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for tyrosine
  6. (travel, aviation) The reservation booking designator for the highest level of economy air fare.
  7. (mathematics, computer science) A Fixed-point combinator; especially Haskell Curry's combinator defined as λ f.(λ x.f (x x)) (λx.f (x x))
  8. The symbol in bases higher than thirty-four for the number expressed as 34 in decimal.
  9. (electricity, often attributive) The open figure produced by connecting three coils or circuits with a common connecting junction joining each source, especially in a three-phase system. Sometimes spelled as wye.
    Y winding; Y connection; Y current

Translations

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  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of Y, in normal and italic type
    Uppercase and lowercase versions of Y, in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercase Y in Fraktur
    Uppercase and lowercase Y in Fraktur

See also

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Other representations of Y:

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y, plural Ys or Y's)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, called wye and written in the Latin script.
  2. Used for the Greek letter Υ (Y, “upsilon”).
See also
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Noun

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Y (plural Ys)

  1. A figure or mark in the shape of the letter Y.
  2. A Y-shaped object, such as a railroad fork or a support for a telescope; a wye, a bifurcation.
  3. (lepidopterology) A moth of the genus Plusia, having markings resembling the letter Y.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Abbreviations.

Interjection

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Y

  1. Abbreviation of yes.

Noun

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Y (plural Ys)

  1. Abbreviation of year (In some contexts as YY or YYYY to indicate only the last 2-digits or all 4-digits.)

Etymology 3

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Clippings.

Proper noun

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the Y

  2. (Canada, US) Clipping of YMCA or YWCA.
    • 2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:
      He had sat next to Cindy returning from the Y and smelled the chlorine on her. A sodden Band-Aid had clung by a few lingering bits of stickum to her knee.

Noun

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Y (plural Ys)

  1. (Canada, US, informal) A particular facility run by the YMCA/YWCA.
    • 1963 (date written), John Kennedy Toole, A Confederacy of Dunces, London: Penguin Books, published 1980 (1981 printing), →ISBN:
      Of course, the audience up here at the Bronx “Y” will probably be a little parochial, but if I make good in the lecture, I might one day end up speaking down at the Lex. Ave. “Y” where great thinkers like Norman Mailer and Seymour Krim are always airing their views.
    • 2021 May 17, Jane E. Brody, “A Birthday Milestone: Turning 80!”, in The New York Times‎[1], →ISSN:
      When a 50ish woman at my Y learned that I was about to turn 80, she exclaimed, “80 is the new 60, and you set a great example for the rest of us!”

Etymology 4

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See IJ.

Proper noun

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Y

  1. Obsolete form of IJ: a lake (formerly a bay) adjoining the city of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    • 1813, William Müller, D. P., Topographical and Military Description of Germany and the Surrounding Country, 2nd edition, London: T. Egerton, pages 4–5:
      Amsterdam, Hol. fortif. on the gulf Y and the Amstel river, 27,000 ho. in the town, nearly as many in the suburbs; 210,000 inh. 1000 rp. 50,000 lm. 6000 sailors; well built, many canals, ground very damp and marshy, very clean streets, […]

Afar

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-second and last letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name): IPA(key): /əɪ̯/

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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Y (plural Y's, diminutive Y'tjie)

  1. Y

Azerbaijani

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme) IPA(key): [j]
  • (letter name) IPA(key): [jeː], [jɯː]

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /i ɡreko/, [i ɣ̞re̞.ko̞]

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i greko and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.

See also

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Catalan alphabet, called i grega and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Central Franconian

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Pronunciation

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  • /i/, (German-based also) /y/, /yː/

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the Central Franconian alphabet (German-based), written in the Latin script.
  2. A letter of the Central Franconian alphabet (Dutch-based), written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • Only used rarely in loanwords, respectively after the German or Dutch cognate.

Chinese

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Pronunciation 1

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Note: Often realised as one syllable.
Note: Often realised as one syllable.

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet as used in Chinese, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation 2

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of Pinyin, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
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  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciations above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other contexts (such as English).

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ɛɪ/
  • (phonemes): IPA(key): /ɪ/, /iː/

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. the twenty-fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet

See also

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  • Previous letter: X
  • Next letter: Z

Estonian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Estonian alphabet, called igrek / üpsilon and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Finnish

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Etymology

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and Y for information on the development of the glyph itself. In particular, the use of ⟨y⟩ for /y/ follows the Swedish orthography, which in turn follows Latin.

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called yy and written in the Latin script.

Derived terms

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compounds

See also

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French

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French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the French alphabet, called i grec and written in the Latin script.
See also
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  • Previous letter: X
  • Next letter: Z

Etymology 2

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From Old French Y, Hy, I from Latin Iacum.[1]

French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr
Y

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Y ?

  1. A French commune in the Somme département.
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References

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  1. ^ https://dicotopo.cths.fr/places/P97397572

German

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name) IPA(key): /ˈʏpsilɔn/
  • (phoneme)
    • In Greek words generally /ʏ/, /yː/, but in unstressed syllables alternatively /i/ (e.g. in poly-).
    • In other borrowings, e.g. from English, /j/, /i/, /aɪ̯/, etc.
    • Natively only in proper nouns, mostly in -ay-, -ey-, both pronounced /aɪ̯/.

Letter

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Y n (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the German alphabet, called Ypsilon and written in the Latin script.

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈi]
  • (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈipsilon]

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the extended Hungarian alphabet, called ipszilon and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • Also occurs as part of the digraphs Gy, Ly, Ny, Ty, though these are considered letters in their own right.

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative Y Y-ok
accusative Y-t Y-okat
dative Y-nak Y-oknak
instrumental Y-nal Y-okkal
causal-final Y-ért Y-okért
translative Y-ná Y-okká
terminative Y-ig Y-okig
essive-formal Y-ként Y-okként
essive-modal — —
inessive Y-ban Y-okban
superessive Y-on Y-okon
adessive Y-nál Y-oknál
illative Y-ba Y-okba
sublative Y-ra Y-okra
allative Y-hoz Y-okhoz
elative Y-ból Y-okból
delative Y-ról Y-okról
ablative Y-tól Y-októl
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		Y-é Y-oké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		Y-éi Y-okéi
Possessive forms of Y
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. Y-om Y-aim, Y-jaim
2nd person sing. Y-od Y-aid, Y-jaid
3rd person sing. Y-a, Y-ja Y-ai, Y-jai
1st person plural Y-unk Y-aink, Y-jaink
2nd person plural Y-otok Y-aitok, Y-jaitok
3rd person plural Y-uk, Y-juk Y-aik, Y-jaik

Derived terms

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See also

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Icelandic

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Irish

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the Irish alphabet, written in the Latin script, not used in Irish except in foreign words and scientific terminology.

Derived terms

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See also

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Italian

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Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name) IPA(key): /i‿ɡˈɡrɛ.ka/, /i‿ɡˈɡrɛ.ko/, /ˈi.psi.lon/[1]
  • (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /j/, /i/ (varies depending on the loanword)

Letter

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Y f or m (upper case, lower case y, invariable)

  1. the twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet, called ipsilon, i greco or i greca in Italian

Usage notes

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  • The letter Y is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Y in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Kankanaey

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Tagalog Y. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English Y.

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name) IPA(key): /waj/ [wai̯]
  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /i/ [i̞]
    • Rhymes: -i

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called way and written in the Latin script.

See also

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References

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  • Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016), Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎[2] (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

Kashubian

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Etymology

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Latin

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the Latin alphabet, written in the Latin script, representing the vowels /y/ and /yː/.

Usage notes

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  • Historical Latin texts did not generally distinguish short and long vowels orthographically. In modern texts and editions of older texts, the vowels are typically written ⟨Y⟩ and ⟨Ȳ⟩ to mark the length distinction.

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Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called y and written in the Latin script.

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Malay

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Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Old English

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. A letter of the Old English alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • This letter always represents the IPA vowel /y/, never the consonant /j/ that y sometimes represents in modern English.
  • Old English texts often include a tittle above the letter: ⟨ẏ⟩
  • Although Old English texts typically did not mark vowel length, modern editions of Old English manuscripts typically do. Some editions mark the long version of this vowel with ⟨ý⟩, but ⟨ȳ⟩ is now more common.

Polish

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Etymology

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Polish alphabet, called y or igrek and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Portuguese

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Letter

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Y m (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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Y m (plural Ys)

  1. fork (area where something forks)
    Synonyms: forquilha, bifurcação, ramificação

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirtieth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called igrec or i grec and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.

See also

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Saanich

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-seventh letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Silesian

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Etymology

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Slovene

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Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The thirty-third letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.

Somali

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ʝ/, /ɪ̯/, /i̯/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ʝæ/

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-second letter of the Somali alphabet, called ya and written in the Latin script; preceded by H and followed by A.

Usage notes

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See also

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Spanish

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Swedish

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Tagalog

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Spanish Y. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English Y.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜌ (ya).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish Y.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key): /ˈwaj/ [ˈwaɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA(key): /ˈja/ [ˈja] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
      • Rhymes: -a
    • IPA(key): /ˈje/ [ˈjɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
      • Rhymes: -e
    • IPA(key): /j/ [j] (phoneme)
    • IPA(key): /i/ [ɪ] (phoneme, used as a vowel)
      • Rhymes: -i

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. the twenty-seventh letter of the Filipino alphabet, called way and written in the Latin script
  2. the twentieth letter of the Abakada alphabet, called ya and written in the Latin script
  3. (historical) the twenty-seventh letter of the Abecedario, called ye and written in the Latin script
See also
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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Y (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)

  1. obsolete spelling of I

Further reading

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  • “Y”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

Turkish

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ye and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔi˧˧ zaːj˨˩], [ʔi˧˧ ɣəː˨˩ zɛt̚˧˦]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧ jaːj˦˩], [ʔɪj˧˧ ɣəː˦˩ ʐɛt̚˦˧˥]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧ jaːj˨˩], [ʔɪj˧˧ ɣəː˨˩ ɹɛk̚˦˥]
  • Phonetic spelling: i dài, i gờ rét
  • Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called i dài or i gờ-rét and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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  • (standard) IPA(key): /ə/, /əː/

Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by W.

See also

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Mutation

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  • Y cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word ysgol (“school; ladder”):
Mutated forms of ysgol
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ysgol unchanged unchanged hysgol

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “Y”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called yí and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Zulu

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Letter

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Y (upper case, lower case y)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

[edit]
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