year

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /jɪə/
• (General American) enPR: yîr, IPA^(key): /jɪɹ/
• (General South African) IPA^(key): /jøː/
• (Wales, other regions) IPA^(key): /jɜː/

• Audio (UK)

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• Audio (US)

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• Hyphenation: year
• Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ) (in some varieties of English)

Etymology 1

From Middle English yeer, yere, from Old English ġēar (“year”), from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, spring”).

Alternative forms

• yeah (eye dialect)
• yeare, yeer, yeere, yere (obsolete)
• yur (eye dialect)

Noun

year (plural years)

1. A solar year, the time it takes the Earth to complete one revolution of the Sun (between 365.24 and 365.26 days depending on the point of reference).

   we moved to this town a year ago;  I quit smoking exactly one year ago

2. (by extension) The time it takes for any astronomical object (such as a planet, dwarf planet, small Solar System body, or comet) in direct orbit around a star (such as the Sun) to make one revolution around the star.

   Mars goes around the sun once in a Martian year, or 1.88 Earth years.

   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Citdael:

     Shepard: What can you tell me about the Citadel Council?
     Avina: Originally, the Council consisted of representatives from the asari and salarians, the two dominant species in Citadel space.
     Roughly 1,304 galactic standard years ago, turians were invited to join the Council in recognition of the role they played during the Krogan Rebellion.

3. A period between set dates that mark a year, from January 1 to December 31 by the Gregorian calendar, from Tishiri 1 to Elul 29 by the Jewish calendar, and from Muharram 1 to Dhu al-Hijjah 29 or 30 by the Islamic calendar.
   • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Dotcom mania was slow in coming to higher education, but now it has the venerable industry firmly in its grip. Since the launch early last year of Udacity and Coursera, two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations.

   A normal year has 365 full days, but there are 366 days in a leap year.

   I was born in the year 1950.

   This Chinese year is the year of the Ox.

4. A scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity.

   During this school year I have to get up at 6:30 to catch the bus.

5. (sciences) A Julian year, exactly 365.25 days, represented by "a".
6. A level or grade in school or college.

   Every second-year student must select an area of specialization.

   The exams in year 12 at high school are the most difficult.

7. The proportion of a creature's lifespan equivalent to one year of an average human lifespan (see also dog year).

   Geneticists have created baker's yeast that can live to 800 in yeast years.

Synonyms

• (one revolution of the Sun by the Earth): solar year, equinoctial year, sun, Theban year, twelvemonth, annum
• (time to make one revolution by any body): anomalistic year, galactic year, Gaussian year, Great Year, lunar year, Platonic year, sidereal year, Sothic year, tropical year, annum (sci fi)
• (period between set dates): calendar year, civil year, legal year
• (specific uses): accounting year, base year, dog year, financial year, fiscal year, liturgical year, quality-adjusted life year, school year, tax year

Hypernyms

• biennium (2 years), triennium (3), quadrennium or olympiad (4), quinquennium or pentad (5), sexennium (6), septennium (7), octaeteris or octennium (8), novennium (9), decennium or decade (10), centennium or century (100), quincentennium (500), kiloyear or millennium (1000), decamillennium (10,000), centimillennium (100,000), millionennium or megayear (1,000,000), gigayear (1,000,000,000)

Hyponyms

• base year
• birthyear
• calendar year
• civil year
• dog year
• donkey's years
• financial year
• fiscal year
• gap year
• golden years
• last year
• leap year
• legal year
• liturgical year
• lunar year
• mid-year, midyear
• school year
• sidereal year
• solar year
• Sothic year
• sunset years
• tax year
• twilight years
• year of our Lord
• year of our Lord Jesus Christ
• yesteryear

 

Derived terms

• 4-plus-billion-year
• all-year-round
• banner year
• Christmas comes but once a year
• four score and seven years ago
• gigayear
• leap year
• megayear
• multiyear
• multi-year
• on in years
• two-year
• yearbook
• year by year
• year dot
• year-end
• yearhundred
• yearling
• year-long
• yearly
• year-round
• yearthousand
• yesteryear

 

Translations

See year/translations § Noun.

See also

• calendar
• (Gregorian calendar months) Gregorian calendar month; January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December ^{(Category: en:Gregorian calendar months)}
• (Hebrew calendar months) Hebrew calendar month; Tishrei, Cheshvan, Kislev, Tevet, Shevat, Adar, Nisan, Iyar, Sivan, Tammuz, Av, Elul ^{(Category: en:Hebrew calendar months)}
• (Islamic calendar months) Islamic calendar month; Muharram, Safar, Rabi I, Rabi II, Jumada I, Jumada II, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu'l-Hijja ^{(Category: en:Islamic months)}

• (smaller divisions): see month, week, day, etc.
• (¹⁄₄-year): quarter, quarterly, season, seasonal
• (¹⁄₃-year): triannual
• (¹⁄₂-year): biannual, semiannual, twice-yearly
• (roughly one year): quasi-annual
• (adj.): yearly, annual, per annum
• (2-year): biennium, biennial
• (3-year): triennium, triennial, trieterical
• (4-year): quadrennium, quadrennial
• (5-year): quinquennium, quinquenniad, quintennium, quinquennial, quintennial
• (6-year): sexennium, sexennial
• (7-year): septennium, septennial, septennary, septenniad, septenary, septenarian, septennian, septennual
• (8-year): octennium, octaeteris, octennial, octaeteric
• (9-year): novennium, novennial, enneaeteric, enneatic
• (10-year): decade, decennium, decadal, decennial
• (17-year): septendecennial
• (19-year): enneadecaeteris
• (20-year): vicennium, vicennial
• (30-year): tricennium, tricennial
• (100-year): century, yearhundred, centennial, centenary, centuried
• (200-year): bicentennial, bicentenary
• (300-year): tricentennial, tricentenary tercentennial, tercentenary
• (1000-year): millennium, kiloyear (kyr), yearthousand, millennial
• (3000-year): termillenary
• (10 000-year): decamillennium
• (100 000-year): centimillennium
• (1 000 000-year): megayear (Myr), mega-annum (Ma), millionennium
• (1 000 000 000-year): gigayear (Gyr), gigannum (Ga)

 

References

• year on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Noun

year

1. Pronunciation spelling of here.
2. Pronunciation spelling of hear.

Anagrams

• Arey, Ayer, Ayre, Raye, Reay, Yare, aery, ayre, eyra, y'are, yare

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English yeer, yere, from Old English ġēr, ġēar (“year”), from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year, spring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [(j)iːr]

Noun

year (plural year)

1. year