planet

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See also: Planet, planèt, and plånet

English[edit]

Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English planete, from Old English planēta (“planet, chasuble”), from Latin planeta, planetes, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planētēs) variant of πλάνης (planēs, “wanderer, planet”), from Ancient Greek πλανάω (planáō, “wander about, stray”), of unknown origin. Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to wander, roam”), cognate with Latin pālor (“wander about, stray”), Old Norse flana (“to rush about”), Norwegian flanta (“to wander about”). More at flaunt.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet (plural planets)

  1. (now historical or astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14th c.]
    • 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Essays, II.12:
      Be they not dreames of humane vanity, [...] to make of our knowne earth a bright shining planet [transl. astre]?
    • 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society 1973, p. 288:
      The moon […] began to rise from her bed, where she had slumbered away the day, in order to sit up all night. Jones had not travelled far before he paid his compliments to that beautiful planet, and, turning to his companion, asked him if he had ever beheld so delicious an evening?
    • 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society 2012, p. 361:
      Another of Boehme's followers, the Welshman Morgan Llwyd, also believed that the seven planets could be found within man.
  2. (astronomy) A body which orbits the Sun directly and is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (effectively meaning a spheroid) and to dominate its orbit; specifically, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. (Pluto was considered a planet until 2006 and has now been reclassified as a dwarf planet.) [from 17th c.]
    • 1640, John Wilkins, (title):
      A Discovrse concerning a New Planet. Tending to prove, That 'tis probable our Earth is one of the Planets.
    • 2006, Alok Jha, The Guardian, 22 Dec 2006:
      Their decision will force a rewrite of science textbooks because the solar system is now a place with eight planets and three newly defined "dwarf planets" - a new category of object that includes Pluto.
  3. A large body which directly orbits any star (or star cluster) but which has not attained nuclear fusion.
  4. In phrases such as the planet, this planet, sometimes refers to the Earth.
    • 1907, Robert W. Chambers, chapter 8, The Younger Set:
      “ My tastes,” he said, still smiling, “ incline me to the garishly sunlit side of this planet.” And, to tease her and arouse her to combat : “ I prefer a farandole to a nocturne ; I'd rather have a painting than an etching ; … ”
    • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36: 
      It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: […]; perhaps to moralise on the oneness or fragility of the planet, or to see humanity for the small and circumscribed thing that it is; […].

Usage notes[edit]

The term planet originally meant any star which wandered across the sky, and generally included comets and the Sun and Moon. With the Copernican revolution, the Earth was recognized as a planet, and the Sun was seen to be fundamentally different. The Galileian satellites of Jupiter were at first called planets (satellite planets), but later reclassified along with the Moon. The first asteroids were also thought to be planets, but were reclassified when it was realized that there were a great many of them, crossing each other's orbits, in a zone where only a single planet had been expected. Likewise, Pluto was found where an outer planet had been expected, but doubts were raised when it turned out to cross Neptune's orbit and to be much smaller than the expectation required. When Eris, an outer body more massive than Pluto, was discovered, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially defined the word "planet" as above. However, a significant minority have refused to accept the IAU definition. Many simply continue with the nine planets that had been recognized prior to the discovery of Eris. Others are of the opinion that orbital parameters should be irrelevant, and that any equilibrium (≈ spherical) body in orbit around a star is a planet; there are likely several hundred such bodies in the Solar system. Still others argue that orbiting a star should also be irrelevant, thus re-accepting the Galileian satellites (as well as a dozen other moons) as planets.

Note that the 2006 IAU definition defines a planet in respect to the Sun, and is thus technically inapplicable to exoplanets.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

terms derived from "planet"

Related terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

similar body in orbit around a star
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • First Steps to Astronomy and Geography, 1828, (Hatchard & Son: Piccadilly, London).

Anagrams[edit]

Albanian[edit]

Albanian Wikipedia has an article on:

Wikipedia sq

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet m (indefinite plural planete, definite singular planeti, definite plural planetet)

  1. planet

Declension[edit]

declension of planet
indefinite forms
(trajta të pashquara)		 definite forms
(trajta të shquara)
singular
(numri njëjës)		 plural
(numri shumës)		 singular
(numri njëjës)		 plural
(numri shumës)
nominative
(emërore)		 planet planete planeti planetet
accusative
(kallëzore)		 planet planete planetin planetet
genitive
(gjinore)
(i/e/të/së)		 planeti planeteve planetit planeteve
dative
(dhanore)		 planeti planeteve planetit planeteve
ablative
(rrjedhore)		 planeti planetesh planetit planeteve

German[edit]

Verb[edit]

planet

  1. Second-person plural subjunctive I of planen.

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse planéta.

Noun[edit]

planet m (definite singular planeten; indefinite plural planeter; definite plural planetene)

  1. planet

References[edit]

  • “planet” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse planéta.

Noun[edit]

planet m (definite singular planeten, indefinite plural planetar, definite plural planetane)

  1. planet

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet n

  1. singular definite of plan

References[edit]

  • “planet” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet f

  1. genitive plural of planeta

Romansch[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet m (plural planets)

  1. (astronomy, astrology) planet

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /plǎneːt/
  • Hyphenation: pla‧net

Noun[edit]

plànēt m (Cyrillic spelling пла̀не̄т)

  1. planet

Declension[edit]

    declension of planet
singular plural
nominative planet planeti
genitive planeta planeta
dative planetu planetima
accusative planet planete
vocative planete planeti
locative planetu planetima
instrumental planetom planetima

Slovene[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

planét m inan (genitive planéta, nominative plural planéti)

  1. (astronomy) planet

Declension[edit]

Declension of planét (masculine inan., hard)
singular dual plural
nominative planét planéta planéti
accusative planét planéta planéte
genitive planéta planétov planétov
dative planétu planétoma planétom
locative planétu planétih planétih
instrumental planétom planétoma planéti

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

planet c

  1. (astronomy) planet
  2. definite singular of plan

Declension[edit]

Declension of planet 1
singular plural
Common indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative planet planeten planeter planeterna
genitive planets planetens planeters planeternas
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