卵

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See also: 卯 and 卬
卵 U+5375, 卵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5375
← 却
[U+5374]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 卶 →
[U+5376]
卵 U+F91C, 卵
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F91C
← 亂
[U+F91B]		 CJK Compatibility Ideographs 欄 →
[U+F91D]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

卵 (radical 26 卩+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹尸中戈 (HHSLI), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰𠂑卪)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 159, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2857
  • Dae Jaweon: page 365, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 313, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5375

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 卵

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 卵
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
卵-bronze.svg 卵-silk.svg 卵-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (卵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卵 *ɡ·roːlʔ, *ɡ·roːnʔ
關 *kroːn
関 *kroːn
聯 *ɡ·ron

Pictogram (象形) – spawn, egg.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-row (“egg, nit”). Cognate with Tibetan སྲོ་མ (sro ma, “egg of a louse, nit, small bubble”).

鯤 (OC *kuːn) may represent a doublet resulting from prefix preemption. Compare its variant 𡖉.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lâung - colloquial;
  • luāng - literary.
Note:
  • nn̄g/nňg/nūi - vernacular;
  • loán - literary.
Note:
  • 3lu - “egg”;
  • 3loe - “penis”.
Rime
Character 卵 卵
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 桓 (62) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 盧管切 郎果切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /luɑnX/ /luɑX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /lʷɑnX/ /luɑX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /luɑnX/ /luɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lwanX/ /lwaX/
Li
Rong		 /luɑnX/ /luɑX/
Wang
Li		 /luɑnX/ /luɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /luɑnX/ /luɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 luǎn luǒ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 卵 卵
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 luǎn luǎn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ lwaX › ‹ lwanX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*k.rˤorʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j) /*k.rˤorʔ/
English egg egg

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 卵 卵
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 8639 8643
Phonetic
component		 卵 卵
Rime
group		 歌 元
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 裸 卵
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡ·roːlʔ/ /*ɡ·roːnʔ/

Definitions[edit]

卵

  1. egg; ovum; roe; spawn
  2. (entomology) fertilised egg
  3. (regional) testicles
  4. (regional) penis; male genitals

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 睪丸 (“testicle”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 外腎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 睪丸、精巢
Mandarin Beijing 卵子兒
Harbin 卵子兒
Jinan 球蛋
Luoyang 蛋子兒、蛋
Jiedian 子
Xi'an 蛋子兒
Yinchuan 卵子
Lanzhou 脬子兒
Ürümqi 脬卵子、卵子
Wuhan 卵子、卵蛋、卵坨
Chengdu 卵、卵蛋、蛋蛋、卵子、敲敲兒
Guiyang 卵蛋
Liuzhou 卵考子、考子
Yangzhou 卵蛋、卵子子
Nanjing 卵子
Cantonese Hong Kong 春、春子、波子
Hong Kong (Weitou) 核
Kuala Lumpur 春仔
Gan Lichuan 順子
Pingxiang 卵坨子
Hakka Meixian 核卵
Yudu 卵子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 核卵
Liudui (S. Sixian) 核卵
Hsinchu (Hailu) 核卵
Dongshi (Dabu) 核卵
Zhuolan (Raoping) 核卵
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 核卵
Hong Kong 核卵
Sabah 核卵
Senai 核
Singkawang 核卵
Huizhou Jixi 卵子
Jin Xinzhou 蛋籽子
Min Dong Fuzhou 𡳞核子
Min Nan Xiamen 𡳞核、腎子
Quanzhou 𡳞核、腎子
Zhangzhou 𡳞核、腎子
Taipei 𡳞核、𡳞脬核仔
Kaohsiung 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
Tainan 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
Taichung 𡳞核仔
Wuqi 𡳞核
Hsinchu 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
Taitung 𡳞核仔
Lukang 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
Sanxia 𡳞核
Yilan 𡳞核
Kinmen 𡳞核
Magong 𡳞核
Penang 𡳞核、核、𡳞脬子
Shantou 𡳞核
Haifeng 𡳞脬核
Haikou 𡳞脬仁
Leizhou 𡳞脬子、𡳞脬核、核子
Pinghua Nanning 卵子
Wu Shanghai 卵子
Suzhou 卵子
Hangzhou 卵子
Wenzhou 卵子、卵袋子、陰袋子
Danyang 卵脬黃、卵子黃
Jinhua 老核子
Ningbo 卵黃、卵袋黃
Xiang Loudi 考子、卵子
Dialectal synonyms of 陰莖 (“penis; male genitalia”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 玉莖、陽具、陽物、陰體、人道、身根
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 陰莖、陽具
Mandarin Beijing 雞巴、卵子、雀子 †、小雞兒 †
Taiwan 雞雞、肉棒、老二、命根、命根子、小弟弟、小鳥 †
Harbin 雞巴、雞巴嘚兒、雞巴頭子、嘚兒、牛子、老二、二哥、腿兒、牛牛兒 †、小牛子 †、家雀兒 †
Jinan 屌、小雞兒 †、小雞雞 †
Muping 鴨子、雞子、雞巴、屌、小鴨兒 †
Luoyang 雞巴、屌、雞巴兒 †、小雞兒雞兒 †
Jiedian 鴨子、鴨兒 †
Xi'an 㞗、錘子、牛牛兒 †
Xining 雞巴、㞗、錘子、雞雞 †
Xuzhou 屌、雞巴、雞尜尜、屌頭子、老二、二哥、一家人兒、打種的 dated、小雞兒 †、雞兒 †、尜尜 †、小老雀兒 †、老雀兒 †
Yinchuan 㞗、雞巴、雞雞 †
Lanzhou 㞗、牛牛子 †
Ürümqi 㞗、㞗把子、錘子、雞雞 †、㞗㞗 †
Wuhan 鴨蒂、雞巴、卵、雀雀 †、鴨鴨 †、雞雞 †
Chengdu 錘子、雞巴、雞棍兒、雀雀兒、雀雀、麻雀兒、毛鰱魚、老二、㞗、雞雞 †、小雞兒 †、小麻雀兒 †、小雀雀兒 †
Guiyang 雞巴、大雞巴、乾雞巴、馬雞巴、卵子、㞗、屌、下二哥、二哥、甩甩、錘錘 dated、錘子 dated、雞雞 †、小雞兒 †、雞兒 †、麻雀 †、小麻雀 †、雀雀 †
Liuzhou 鳥、卵、二老爺、大頭蟲、鳥崽 †
Yangzhou 雞巴、屌子、屌、卵子、麻雀子 †
Nanjing 雞巴、屌、麻雀、小麻雀兒 †
Hefei 屌、雞巴、尕尕雞 †、尕雞 †
Nantong 屌兒、屌
Cantonese Guangzhou 㞗、𨳍、賓舟 †、脧 †、脧脧 †、㞗脧 †、脧仔 †、姑姑 †
Hong Kong 㞗、𨳍、𡳞、賓舟、脧 †、脧脧 †、脧脧仔 †、姑姑 †、雀仔 †、弟弟、細佬、何B仔、子孫根、祠堂、第三隻腳、第五肢
Shunde 㞗
Foshan 㞗
Zhongshan 㞗、𨳍
Dongguan 𡳞、鵝必 †
Hong Kong (Weitou) 𡳞
Taishan 𡳞、雀 †、雀仔 †
Doumen 㞗脧、𨳍
Kaiping 𡳞
Shaoguan 𨳍
Yunfu 𨳍
Yangjiang 㞗、𨳍
Xinyi 𨳍
Nanning 𨳍
Kuala Lumpur 㞗
Gan Nanchang 卵、卵雞子 †、卵雞 †
Lichuan 卵、老二
Pingxiang 卵、卵仔 †、雞仔 †
Hakka Meixian 膦棍、膦仔、脧仔 †
Xingning 脧哩、膦棍
Huidong 膦棍、脧仔
Qujiang 膦棍
Xiaosanjiang 膦棍、脧
Changting 膦子
Pingyu 膦
Wuping 膦
Liancheng 膦、脧
Ninghua 脧
Yudu 卵、卵子 †、尒卵子 †
Ruijin 卵陀
Shicheng 卵梗
Shangyou 卵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 膦棍
Liudui (S. Sixian) 膦棍
Hsinchu (Hailu) 膦棍
Dongshi (Dabu) 膦棍
Zhuolan (Raoping) 膦棍
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 朘子
Hong Kong 膦
Sabah 脧仔
Senai 膦棍
Singkawang 朘
Huizhou Jixi 鳥、老八鳥、八鳥
Jin Taiyuan 㞗、雞巴、雀兒、雞雞 †、狗雞兒 †
Xinzhou 㞗、雞巴、雞雞、二掌櫃、小腹、雞溜子 †、雞溜 †
Min Bei Jian'ou 䐯、䐯仔、䐯䐯仔 †
Min Dong Fuzhou 䐯鳥、鳥鳥囝 †
Fuqing 䐯、鳥 †
Matsu 欛欛
Min Nan Xiamen 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
Quanzhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
Zhangzhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
Taipei 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung 𡳞鳥
Tainan 𡳞鳥、戛、訶
Taichung 𡳞鳥
Wuqi 𡳞鳥
Hsinchu 𡳞鳥
Taitung 𡳞鳥
Lukang 𡳞鳥
Sanxia 𡳞鳥
Yilan 𡳞鳥
Kinmen 𡳞鳥
Magong 𡳞鳥
Penang 𡳞鳥、小弟
Philippines (Manila) 𡳞鳥
Pingnan 㞗
Chaozhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞
Shantou 𡳞鳥、𡳞
Johor Bahru 𡳞
Haikou 屌、鳥 †
Leizhou 𡳞、鳥、殼車
Pinghua Nanning 𨳍、麻鳥、二老弟
Wu Shanghai 卵、屌屌 †、屌屌頭 †、小雞雞 †、麻鳥 †
Suzhou 卵、鳥、雞雞 †、小卵 †、長生果 †
Hangzhou 雀兒、八屌、小八屌 †、麻雀兒 †、麻油壺兒 †
Wenzhou 卵脬、卵脬兒、臀卵脬、頹、脬兒 †、脬脬兒 †、奶哥鳥兒 †
Chongming 卵、卵子、卵卵 †、小尿螺 †
Danyang 卵、卵子、屌子、屌、雞巴、雞雞 †、小雀雀 †、雀雀 †、八八 †、八雞 †
Jinhua 老八兒、聊子、雀、八兒八兒 †
Ningbo 卵、卵子、卵瓜瓜 †、瓜瓜 †
Xiang Changsha 卵、雞巴、掉它、太鬍子、雞雞 †、鳥鳥 †、鳥 †、梗梗 †
Shuangfeng 卵子、雞蓀子 †
Loudi 雞巴、卵、勺欛腦殼、雞雞 †、雞崽唧 †
Note † - of a boy

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 卵

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 卵 – see 𡳞 (“male genitalia; penis; etc.”).
(This character, 卵, is a variant form of 𡳞.)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

卵

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. an egg

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
卵
たまご
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
Vogeleier.jpg Fried egg, sunny side up.jpg
卵 (tamago): a selection of different eggs.

From 玉 (tama, “ball”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child, small thing”). The ko reading for 子 changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

卵 (hiragana たまご, rōmaji tamago)

  1. an egg, including fish roe
    • 1999 September 23, “ウィング・エッグ・エルフ [Wing Egg Elf]”, in Vol.5 (in Japanese), Konami:
      たまごのカラに身 (み)を包 (つつ)む天 (てん)使 (し)。大 (おお)きな羽 (はね)で攻 (こう)撃 (げき)を防 (ふせ)ぐ。
      Tamago no kara ni mi o tsutsumu tenshi. Ōki na hane de kōgeki o fusegu.
      An angel sheltered inside an eggshell. It fends off attacks with its massive wings.
    • 2000 July 13, “ドラゴン・エッガー [Dragon Egger]”, in Pharaoh’s Servant －ファラオのしもべ－ (in Japanese), Konami:
      卵 (たまご)のカラをかぶっているドラゴン。子 (こ)供 (ども)と間 (ま)違 (ちが)えると痛 (いた)い目 (め)にあうぞ！
      Tamago no kara o kabutte iru doragon. Kodomo to machigaeru to itaime ni au zo!
      A dragon who shelters in an eggshell. Never mistake him for a literal baby!
    • 2003 July 17, “ジェノサイドキングサーモン [Genocide King Salmon]”, in 暗黒の侵略者 [Invader of Darkness] (in Japanese), Konami:
      暗 (あん)黒 (こく)海 (かい)の主 (ぬし)として恐 (おそ)れられている巨 (きょ)大 (だい)なシャケ。その卵 (たまご)は暗 (あん)黒 (こく)界 (かい)一 (いち)の美 (び)味 (み)として知 (し)られている。
      Ankokukai no nushi to shite osorerarete iru kyodai na shake. Sono tamago wa Ankokukaiichi no bimi to shiteshirarete iru.
      A giant salmon worst feared in the Dark Sea. Its roe is best known as the ultimate delicacy of the Dark World.
  2. the beginning or start of something (compare the uses of English terms kernel and seed)
  3. a beginner or rookie at something
    • 1988 July 30 [Jul 25 1985], Fujiko F. Fujio, “山やま寺でらグラフィティ [Mountain Temple Graffiti]”, in 宇宙船製造法 [How to Build a Spaceship] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 3), volume 3 (fiction, in Japanese), 6th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 106:
      ぼく、加 (か)藤 (とう)広 (ひろ)康 (やす)。イラストレーターの卵 (たまご)。
      Boku, Katō Hiroyasu. Irasutorētā no tamago.
      My name’s Katō Hiroyasu. I’m a rookie illustrator.
Usage notes[edit]

This term in Japanese is nearly as broad in use as English egg, indicating an egg as laid by various oviparous organisms, and egg as used in cooking. For the more specific biological sense of ovum, see 卵子 (ranshi).

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
卵
らん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 卵 (MC luɑnX).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

卵 (hiragana らん, rōmaji ran)

  1. an ovum

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

卵 • (ran>nan)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 란>난 (revised: ran, nan, McCune-Reischauer: ran, nan, Yale: lan, nan)
    • Name (hangeul): 알 (revised: al, McCune-Reischauer: al, Yale: al)
  1. ovum

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

卵 (noãn)

  1. ovum
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