卵

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See also: 卯 and 卬
卵 U+5375, 卵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5375
← 却
[U+5374] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 卶 →
[U+5376]
卵 U+F91C, 卵
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F91C
← 亂
[U+F91B] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 欄 →
[U+F91D]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

卵 (radical 26, 卩+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹尸中戈 (HHSLI), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰𠂑卪)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 159, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2857
  • Dae Jaweon: page 365, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 313, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5375

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 卵

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 卵
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
卵-bronze.svg 卵-silk.svg 卵-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (卵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卵 *ɡ·roːlʔ, *ɡ·roːnʔ
關 *kroːn
関 *kroːn
聯 *ɡ·ron

Pictogram (象形) – spawn, egg.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-row (“egg, nit”). Cognate with Tibetan སྲོ་མ (sro ma, “egg of a louse, nit, small bubble”).

鯤 (OC *kuːn) may represent a doublet resulting from prefix preemption. Compare its variant 𡖉.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • sō̤ng - vernacular;
  • lǔing - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • lâung - vernacular;
    • luāng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • nn̄g/nňg/nūi - vernacular;
    • loán - literary.
    Note:
    • neng6 - vernacular ("egg");
    • lang6 - literary ("testicle", "male genital") (also written as 𡳞).
  • Wu
    • Note:
    • 3lu - “egg”;
    • 3loe - “penis”.
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 卵 卵
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 來 (37) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62) 戈 (95)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed
    Division (等) I I
    Fanqie 盧管切 郎果切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/luɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lʷɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/luɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lwanX/ /lwaX/
    Li
    Rong         		/luɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Wang
    Li         		/luɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/luɑnX/ /luɑX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		luǎn luǒ
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 卵 卵
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		luǎn luǎn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lwaX › ‹ lwanX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*k.rˁorʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j) /*k.rˁorʔ/
    English egg egg

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 卵 卵
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 8639 8643
    Phonetic
    component         		卵 卵
    Rime
    group         		歌 元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3 3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		裸 卵
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡ·roːlʔ/ /*ɡ·roːnʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    卵

    1. egg; ovum; roe; spawn
    2. (entomology) fertilised egg
    3. (regional) testicles
    4. (regional) penis; male genitals

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 睪丸 (“testicle”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 外腎、腎
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 睪丸、精巢
    Mandarin Beijing 卵子兒
    Harbin 卵子兒
    Jinan 球蛋
    Luoyang 蛋子兒、蛋
    Jiedian 子
    Xi'an 蛋子兒
    Yinchuan 卵子
    Lanzhou 脬子兒、腎
    Ürümqi 脬卵子、卵子
    Wuhan 卵子、卵蛋、卵坨
    Chengdu 卵、卵蛋、蛋蛋、卵子、敲敲兒
    Guiyang 卵蛋
    Liuzhou 卵考子、考子
    Yangzhou 卵蛋、卵子子
    Nanjing 卵子
    Cantonese Hong Kong 春、春子、波子
    Hong Kong (Weitou) 核
    Kuala Lumpur 春仔
    Gan Lichuan 順子
    Pingxiang 卵坨子
    Hakka Meixian 核卵
    Yudu 卵子
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 核卵
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 核卵
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 核卵
    Dongshi (Dabu) 核卵
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 核卵
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 核卵
    Hong Kong 核卵
    Sabah 核卵
    Senai 核
    Singkawang 核卵
    Huizhou Jixi 卵子
    Jin Xinzhou 蛋籽子
    Min Dong Fuzhou 𡳞核子
    Min Nan Xiamen 𡳞核、腎子
    Quanzhou 𡳞核、腎子
    Zhangzhou 𡳞核、腎子
    Taipei 𡳞核、𡳞脬核仔
    Kaohsiung 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
    Tainan 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
    Taichung 𡳞核仔
    Wuqi 𡳞核
    Hsinchu 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
    Taitung 𡳞核仔
    Lukang 𡳞核、𡳞核仔
    Sanxia 𡳞核
    Yilan 𡳞核
    Kinmen 𡳞核
    Magong 𡳞核
    Penang 𡳞核、核、𡳞脬子
    Shantou 𡳞核
    Haifeng 𡳞脬核
    Haikou 𡳞脬仁
    Leizhou 𡳞脬子、𡳞脬核、核子
    Pinghua Nanning 卵子
    Wu Shanghai 卵子
    Suzhou 卵子
    Hangzhou 卵子
    Wenzhou 卵子、卵袋子、陰袋子
    Danyang 卵脬黃、卵子黃
    Jinhua 老核子
    Ningbo 卵黃、卵袋黃
    Xiang Loudi 考子、卵子
    Dialectal synonyms of 陰莖 (“penis; male genitalia”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 玉莖、陽具、陽物、陰體、人道、身根
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 陰莖、陽具
    Mandarin Beijing 雞巴、卵子、雀子 †、小雞兒 †
    Taiwan 雞雞、肉棒、老二、命根、命根子、小弟弟、小鳥 †
    Harbin 雞巴、雞巴嘚兒、雞巴頭子、嘚兒、牛子、老二、二哥、腿兒、牛牛兒 †、小牛子 †、家雀兒 †
    Jinan 屌、小雞兒 †、小雞雞 †
    Muping 鴨子、雞子、雞巴、屌、小鴨兒 †
    Luoyang 雞巴、屌、雞巴兒 †、小雞兒雞兒 †
    Jiedian 鴨子、鴨兒 †
    Xi'an 㞗、錘子、牛牛兒 †
    Xining 雞巴、㞗、錘子、雞雞 †
    Xuzhou 屌、雞巴、雞尜尜、屌頭子、老二、二哥、一家人兒、打種的 dated、小雞兒 †、雞兒 †、尜尜 †、小老雀兒 †、老雀兒 †
    Yinchuan 㞗、雞巴、雞雞 †
    Lanzhou 㞗、牛牛子 †
    Ürümqi 㞗、㞗把子、錘子、雞雞 †、㞗㞗 †
    Wuhan 鴨蒂、雞巴、卵、雀雀 †、鴨鴨 †、雞雞 †
    Huanggang 卵、雞巴
    Chengdu 錘子、雞巴、雞棍兒、雀雀兒、雀雀、麻雀兒、毛鰱魚、老二、㞗、雞雞 †、小雞兒 †、小麻雀兒 †、小雀雀兒 †
    Guiyang 雞巴、大雞巴、乾雞巴、馬雞巴、卵子、㞗、屌、下二哥、二哥、甩甩、錘錘 dated、錘子 dated、雞雞 †、小雞兒 †、雞兒 †、麻雀 †、小麻雀 †、雀雀 †
    Liuzhou 鳥、卵、二老爺、大頭蟲、鳥崽 †
    Yangzhou 雞巴、屌子、屌、卵子、麻雀子 †
    Nanjing 雞巴、屌、麻雀、小麻雀兒 †
    Hefei 屌、雞巴、尕尕雞 †、尕雞 †
    Nantong 屌兒、屌
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 㞗
    Cantonese Guangzhou 㞗、𨳍、賓舟 †、脧 †、脧脧 †、㞗脧 †、脧仔 †、姑姑 †
    Hong Kong 㞗、𨳍、𡳞、賓舟、脧 †、脧脧 †、脧脧仔 †、姑姑 †、雀仔 †、弟弟、細佬、何B仔、子孫根、祠堂、第三隻腳、第五肢
    Shunde 㞗
    Foshan 㞗
    Zhongshan 㞗、𨳍
    Dongguan 𡳞、鵝必 †
    Hong Kong (Weitou) 𡳞
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 㞗脧、𨳍
    Doumen 𨳍、㞗
    Taishan 𡳞、雀 †、雀仔 †
    Kaiping 𡳞
    Shaoguan 𨳍
    Yunfu 𨳍
    Yangjiang 㞗、𨳍
    Xinyi 𨳍
    Nanning 𨳍
    Kuala Lumpur 㞗
    Ho Chi Minh City 賓舟
    Gan Nanchang 卵、卵雞子 †、卵雞 †
    Lichuan 卵、老二
    Pingxiang 卵、卵仔 †、雞仔 †
    Hakka Meixian 膦棍、膦仔、脧仔 †
    Xingning 脧哩、膦棍
    Huidong 膦棍、脧仔
    Qujiang 膦棍
    Xiaosanjiang 膦棍、脧
    Changting 膦子
    Pingyu 膦
    Wuping 膦
    Liancheng 膦、脧
    Ninghua 脧
    Yudu 卵、卵子 †、尒卵子 †
    Ruijin 卵陀
    Shicheng 卵梗
    Shangyou 卵
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 膦棍
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 膦棍
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 膦棍
    Dongshi (Dabu) 膦棍
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 膦棍
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 脧子
    Hong Kong 膦
    Sabah (Bao'an) 膦棍、膦
    Sabah (Longchuan) 脧仔
    Senai 膦棍
    Singkawang 脧
    Huizhou Jixi 鳥、老八鳥、八鳥
    Shexian 鳥
    Tunxi 雞兒、鳥兒
    Xiuning 鳥、卵、雞兒、雞雞 †、下身 euphemistic
    Yixian 卵
    Qimen 屌兒
    Wuyuan 菩蒂
    Jin Taiyuan 㞗、雞巴、雀兒、雞雞 †、狗雞兒 †
    Pingyao 㞗兒、秤桿、狗雞兒 †、雞兒 †、狗雞雞 †
    Xinzhou 㞗、雞巴、雞雞、二掌櫃、小腹、雞溜子 †、雞溜 †
    Min Bei Jian'ou 𫵓、𫵓仔、𫵓𫵓仔 †
    Dikou 𫵓
    Songxi 𫵓
    Zhenghe 𫵓
    Zhenqian 𫵓牯
    Jianyang 𫵓
    Wuyishan 脧
    Shibei 脧
    Min Dong Fuzhou 欛欛、䐯鳥、欛欛囝 †、鳥鳥囝 †
    Changle 欛欛囝
    Fuqing 䐯、鳥 †
    Yongtai 䐯鳥
    Gutian 䐯鳥
    Fu'an 䐯鳥
    Ningde 䐯
    Shouning 䐯鳥
    Zhouning 䐯鳥
    Fuding 䐯䐯、䐯鳥
    Matsu 欛欛
    Min Nan Xiamen 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
    Quanzhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
    Zhangzhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞𦉎、𡳞
    Taipei 𡳞鳥
    Kaohsiung 𡳞鳥
    Tainan 𡳞鳥、戛、訶
    Taichung 𡳞鳥
    Wuqi 𡳞鳥
    Hsinchu 𡳞鳥
    Taitung 𡳞鳥
    Lukang 𡳞鳥
    Sanxia 𡳞鳥
    Yilan 𡳞鳥
    Kinmen 𡳞鳥
    Magong 𡳞鳥
    Penang 𡳞鳥、𡳞、小弟、kuku鳥、kuku
    Philippines (Manila) 𡳞鳥
    Pingnan 㞗
    Chaozhou 𡳞鳥、𡳞
    Shantou 𡳞鳥、𡳞
    Johor Bahru 𡳞
    Wenchang 頹
    Haikou 頹、鳥 †
    Leizhou 𡳞、鳥、殼車
    Pinghua Nanning 𨳍、麻鳥、二老弟
    Shehua Fu'an 𡳞仔
    Fuding 𡳞仔
    Luoyuan 𡳞仔
    Sanming 𡳞仔
    Shunchang 𡳞仔
    Hua'an 𡳞仔
    Guixi 𡳞仔
    Cangnan 𡳞仔
    Jingning 𡳞
    Lishui 𡳞
    Longyou 𡳞鳥
    Chaozhou 𡳞仔
    Fengshun 𡳞仔
    Wu Shanghai 卵、屌屌 †、屌屌頭 †、小雞雞 †、麻鳥 †
    Suzhou 卵、鳥、雞雞 †、小卵 †、長生果 †
    Hangzhou 雀兒、八屌、小八屌 †、麻雀兒 †、麻油壺兒 †
    Wenzhou 卵脬、卵脬兒、臀卵脬、頹、脬兒 †、脬脬兒 †、奶哥鳥兒 †
    Chongming 卵、卵子、卵卵 †、小尿螺 †
    Danyang 卵、卵子、屌子、屌、雞巴、雞雞 †、小雀雀 †、雀雀 †、八八 †、八雞 †
    Jinhua 老八兒、聊子、雀、八兒八兒 †
    Ningbo 卵、卵子、卵瓜瓜 †、瓜瓜 †
    Xiang Changsha 卵、雞巴、掉它、太鬍子、雞雞 †、鳥鳥 †、鳥 †、梗梗 †
    Shuangfeng 卵子、雞蓀子 †
    Loudi 雞巴、卵、勺欛腦殼、雞雞 †、雞崽唧 †
    Note † - of a boy

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 卵

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 卵 – see 𡳞 (“male genitalia; penis; etc.”).
    (This character, 卵, is a variant form of 𡳞.)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    卵

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. an egg

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
    Kanji in this term
    卵
    たまご
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi
    Vogeleier.jpg Fried egg, sunny side up.jpg
    卵 (tamago): a selection of different eggs.

    From 玉 (tama, “ball”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child, small thing”). The ko reading for 子 changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    卵 (hiragana たまご, rōmaji tamago)

    1. an egg, including fish roe
      • 1999 September 23, “ウィング・エッグ・エルフ [Wing Egg Elf]”, in Vol.5 (in Japanese), Konami:
        たまごのカラに身 (み)を包 (つつ)む天 (てん)使 (し)。大 (おお)きな羽 (はね)で攻 (こう)撃 (げき)を防 (ふせ)ぐ。
        Tamago no kara ni mi o tsutsumu tenshi. Ōki na hane de kōgeki o fusegu.
        An angel sheltered inside an eggshell. It fends off attacks with its massive wings.
      • 2000 July 13, “ドラゴン・エッガー [Dragon Egger]”, in Pharaoh’s Servant －ファラオのしもべ－ (in Japanese), Konami:
        卵 (たまご)のカラをかぶっているドラゴン。子 (こ)供 (ども)と間 (ま)違 (ちが)えると痛 (いた)い目 (め)にあうぞ！
        Tamago no kara o kabutte iru doragon. Kodomo to machigaeru to itaime ni au zo!
        A dragon who shelters in an eggshell. Never mistake him for a literal baby!
      • 2003 July 17, “ジェノサイドキングサーモン [Genocide King Salmon]”, in 暗黒の侵略者 [Invader of Darkness] (in Japanese), Konami:
        暗 (あん)黒 (こく)海 (かい)の主 (ぬし)として恐 (おそ)れられている巨 (きょ)大 (だい)なシャケ。その卵 (たまご)は暗 (あん)黒 (こく)界 (かい)一 (いち)の美 (び)味 (み)として知 (し)られている。
        Ankokukai no nushi to shite osorerarete iru kyodai na shake. Sono tamago wa Ankokukaiichi no bimi to shiteshirarete iru.
        A giant salmon worst feared in the Dark Sea. Its roe is best known as the ultimate delicacy of the Dark World.
    2. the beginning or start of something (compare the uses of English terms kernel and seed)
    3. a beginner or rookie at something
      • 1988 July 30 [Jul 25 1985], Fujiko F. Fujio, “山やま寺でらグラフィティ [Mountain Temple Graffiti]”, in 宇宙船製造法 [How to Build a Spaceship] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 3), volume 3 (fiction, in Japanese), 6th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 106:
        ぼく、加 (か)藤 (とう)広 (ひろ)康 (やす)。イラストレーターの卵 (たまご)。
        Boku, Katō Hiroyasu. Irasutorētā no tamago.
        My name’s Katō Hiroyasu. I’m a rookie illustrator.
    Usage notes[edit]

    This term in Japanese is nearly as broad in use as English egg, indicating an egg as laid by various oviparous organisms, and egg as used in cooking. For the more specific biological sense of ovum, see 卵子 (ranshi).

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    卵
    らん
    Grade: 6
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 卵 (MC luɑnX).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    卵 (hiragana らん, rōmaji ran)

    1. an ovum

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    卵 • (ran>nan)

    • Eumhun:
      • Sound (hangeul): 란>난 (revised: ran, nan, McCune–Reischauer: ran, nan, Yale: lan, nan)
      • Name (hangeul): 알 (revised: al, McCune–Reischauer: al, Yale: al)
    1. ovum

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    卵 (noãn)

    1. Hán tự form of noãn (“botanical ovule”).

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    卵

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    卵 (hiragana かいく゚, romaji kaingu)

    1. egg
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