哈

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哈 U+54C8, 哈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54C8
← 哇
[U+54C7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 哉 →
[U+54C9]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character[edit]

哈 (radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口人一口 (ROMR), four-corner 68061, composition ⿰口合)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 189, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3594
  • Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 619, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+54C8

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
龕 *kʰuːm
媕 *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜 *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答 *tkuːb
畣 *tkuːb
荅 *tkuːb
嗒 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡 *tuːb, *toːb
撘 *tuːb
搭 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙 *tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮 *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤 *kuːb
鴿 *kuːb
合 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌 *kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿 *kuːb
閤 *kuːb
鞈 *kuːb, *kruːb
韐 *kuːb, *kruːb
鮯 *kuːb
哈 *ŋɡuːb
姶 *quːb, *quːb
欱 *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒 *ɡuːb
耠 *ɡuːb
詥 *ɡuːb
塔 *tʰuːb
鞳 *tʰoːb
劄 *rtuːb
跲 *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷 *kruːb, *ŋkob
餄 *kruːb
恰 *kʰruːb
帢 *kʰruːb
洽 *ɡruːb
祫 *ɡruːb
珨 *ɡruːb
烚 *ɡruːb
歙 *qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁 *tkʰub
拾 *ɡjub
給 *krub
翕 *qʰrub
噏 *qʰrub
潝 *qʰrub
熻 *qʰrub
嬆 *qʰrub
翖 *qʰrub
闟 *qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋɡuːb): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 哈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 合 (160)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 五合切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋʌp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋəp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋɒp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋəp̚/
Li
Rong 		/ŋᴀp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ŋɒp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ŋăp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		è
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 哈
Reading # 1/1
No. 4966
Phonetic
component 		合
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		㬎
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋɡuːb/
Notes 今音ha來自噓呵

Definitions[edit]

哈

  1. ‡ (of fish) many; plenteous
  2. ‡ (of a fish's mouth) opening; moving
  3. † mouthful; sip

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: haai1 - only used in 齊齊哈爾／齐齐哈尔, probably due to assimilation.
Note:
  • hah, ha - vernacular;
  • hap - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. (onomatopoeia) sound of laughter: ha
    2. exclamation of triumph, etc.: ha!
    3. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) Sentence-final particle softening the request.
    4. to breathe out
    5. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink (hot tea)
    6. Short for 哈薩克斯坦／哈萨克斯坦 (Hāsàkèsītǎn, “Kazakhstan”).
    7. Short for 哈爾濱／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈
    alternative forms 𨉣

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) to bend; to stoop

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 喝?”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. (Beijing) to scold; to reprimand

    Etymology 5[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Note: haa5 - rare.

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Only used in 哈巴 (hǎba, “Pekingese; pug”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 6[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈
    Wikipedia has an article on:

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. A surname​.

    Etymology 7[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Note: used in 哈達.

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Used in compounds.

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 8[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Only used in 哈喇 (hāla, “a kind of top-quality woollen goods produced in Russia”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 9[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 憨?”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. (Southwestern Mandarin, Xiang) silly; stupid
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 傻 (“foolish”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 傻
    Mandarin Beijing 傻
    Taiwan 傻
    Tianjin 傻
    Xi'an 瓜
    Wuhan 苕, 哈, 嘎
    Chengdu 哈, 瓜, 寶
    Guilin 哈
    Yangzhou 呆, 木足, 瓜
    Hefei 呆, 傻
    Singapore 傻
    Cantonese Guangzhou 戇, 傻
    Hong Kong 傻, 戇
    Dongguan 戇, 傻, 吽
    Yangjiang 傻, 戇
    Kuala Lumpur 傻
    Singapore 傻
    Gan Nanchang 蟬
    Hakka Meixian 傻, 戇
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 戇
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 戇
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 戇
    Dongshi (Dabu) 戇
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 戇
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 戇
    Jin Taiyuan 傻, 二不楞
    Min Bei Jian'ou 賴, 戇
    Min Dong Fuzhou 戇
    Changle 戇
    Fuqing 戇
    Yongtai 戇
    Gutian 阿褒
    Fu'an 戇
    Ningde 戇, 庸
    Shouning 戇, 庸
    Zhouning 戇
    Fuding 庸
    Matsu 戇
    Min Nan Xiamen 戇
    Quanzhou 戇, 潲面 vulgar
    Zhangzhou 戇, 潲面 vulgar
    Kaohsiung 戇
    Tainan 槌, 戇
    Taichung 戇
    Wuqi 呆
    Hsinchu 戇
    Lukang 戇
    Magong 戇
    Penang (Hokkien) 戇
    Singapore (Hokkien) 戇
    Chaozhou 㦙, 白仁
    Singapore (Teochew) 㦙, 戆
    Wu Shanghai 戇, 壽, 糞
    Suzhou 戇
    Wenzhou 呆, 憨
    Xiang Changsha 寶, 醒
    Shuangfeng 哈

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 10[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. (Southwestern Mandarin) to tickle

    Etymology 11[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Only used in 哈士蟆 (hàshimá).

    Etymology 12[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Only used in 哈巴 (hàba, “knee bending when walking”).

    Etymology 13[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Alternative form of 喝 (hē, “to drink”).
    2. Alternative form of 呷 (xiā).

    Etymology 14[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 哈

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    哈

    1. Used in placenames.

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 15[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 歃 (“smear one's mouth with blood of a victim when taking an oath”).
    (This character, 哈, is a variant form of 歃.)

    Etymology 16[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 𪘁.
    (This character, 哈, is a variant form of 𪘁.)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    哈

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    References[edit]

    • “哈” in: 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    哈 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    哈 (cáp, hóp, hộp, ngáp, họp, hớp, ngớp)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Zhuang[edit]

    Verb[edit]

    哈

    1. Alternative form of 𬮤 (“Sawndip form of haep”)

    References[edit]

    • 古壮字字典 [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters], Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN, page 238
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