過

See also: 过

Translingual

Stroke order

shinjitai	過
simplified	过
traditional	過

Alternative forms

Note that the box in the upper part of 咼 differs between traditional Chinese and Japanese – in traditional Chinese it is on the left, while in Japanese it is on the right.

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 辵 (“walk”) + phonetic 咼

Han character

過 (radical 162 辵+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜月月口 (YBBR), four-corner 3730₂, composition ⿺辶咼)

1. pass, pass through, go across

References

• KangXi: page 1261, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39002
• Dae Jaweon: page 1753, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3849, character 8
• Unihan data for U+904E

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Cantonese

Hanzi

過 (simplified 过, Jyutping gwo3, Yale gwo3)

1. Grammatical particle used to emphasise an experienced action which has been completed and whose result no longer applies to the present situation. Similar to the English ever, e.g. have you ever been to Hong Kong?.

   你有冇去過香港啊？

   nei5 jau5-mou5 heoi3-gwo3 hoeng1-gong2 aa3

   Have you ever been to Hong Kong?

   你見過我個女朋友未呀？

   nei5 gin3-gwo3 ngo5 go3 neoi5-pang4-jau5 mei6 aa3

   Have you seen my girlfriend yet?

2. Grammatical function marker used for comparison. Translates into the English word than.

   你高過我。

   nei5 gou1 gwo3 ngo5

   You are taller than me.

   佢梗係叻過我啦。

   keoi5 gang2-hai6 lek1 gwo3 ngo5 laa3

   He/she is definitely smarter than me.

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Japanese

Kanji

過

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: か (ka)
• Kun: すぎる (sugiru), あやまつ (ayamatsu), とが (toga), すごす (sugosu)

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Korean

Hanja

過 (gwa) (hangeul 과, revised gwa, McCune-Reischauer kwa, Yale kwa)

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Mandarin

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Hanzi

過 (simplified 过, Pinyin guò (guo4), Wade-Giles kuo⁴)

Particle

過 (traditional, Pinyin guò, simplified 过)

1. (Verbal suffix of past experience.)

   你去過中國嗎？(Have you been to China?)

Pronoun

過 (traditional, Pinyin guò, simplified 过)

1. (Surname.)

   我姓過 (My name is Guò)

Verb

過 (traditional, Pinyin guò, simplified 过)

1. To cross.
2. To go over.
3. To pass (time).
4. To live.

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Vietnamese

Han character

過 (quá, goá, quớ, qua, quở)