很

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很 U+5F88, 很
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F88
← 徇
[U+5F87] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 徉 →
[U+5F89]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

很 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人日女 (HOAV), four-corner 27232, composition ⿰彳艮)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 366, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10093
  • Dae Jaweon: page 687, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 822, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5F88

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 很

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
艱 *krɯːn
齦 *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼 *ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝 *ɡrɯːn
限 *ɡrɯːnʔ
硍 *ɡrɯːnʔ
豤 *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪 *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根 *kɯːn
跟 *kɯːn
珢 *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮 *kɯːns
茛 *kɯːns
墾 *kʰɯːnʔ
懇 *kʰɯːnʔ
垠 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕 *ɡɯːn
拫 *ɡɯːn
鞎 *ɡɯːn
很 *ɡɯːnʔ
恨 *ɡɯːns
銀 *ŋrɯn
檭 *ŋrɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡɯːnʔ): semantic 彳 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

Etymology[edit]

“Cruel (~ 狠); to disobey; to defy” > “very; quite” (since Yuan dynasty). Compare 蠻／蛮 (mán).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: he3 - vernacular.
Rime
Character 很
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 痕 (53)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡墾切
Baxter honX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦənX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦənX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦənX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣənX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣənX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		han6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 很
Reading # 1/1
No. 3937
Phonetic
component 		艮
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		很
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡɯːnʔ/

Definitions[edit]

很

  1. † to disobey; to defy
  2. to try to one's utmost
  3. † Alternative form of 狠 (hěn, “cruel; savage; inhumane”).
  4. † struggle; dispute
  5. very; rather; quite
    他很高興。／他很高兴。  ―  Tā hěn gāoxìng.  ―  He is very pleased.
    我很喜歡。／我很喜欢。  ―  Wǒ hěn xǐhuān.  ―  I like it very much.
    我喜歡得很。／我喜欢得很。  ―  Wǒ xǐhuān de hěn.  ―  I like it very much.
  6. (Mandarin, especially before monosyllabic adjectives) (no meaning, see usage note)
    Synonym: 好 (Cantonese)
    我很好。  ―  Wǒ hěn hǎo.  ―  I'm good. (no intensification)

Usage notes[edit]

  • Mandarin speakers have a strong tendency to avoid monosyllabic terms. In order to satisfy this restriction, 很 is added before monosyllabic adjectives without any actual meaning. Similarly, Chinese people with monosyllabic first names will usually be addressed by their full name, even by their parents.
  • Such usage of 很 is not uncommon before other adjectives as well, to the point where forming a sentence without 很 may be perceived as very unnatural. Additionally, using an adjective as a predicate without 很 might carry notions of a comparative statement, e.g. '我好' could be interpreted as 'I am good [unlike some other person that was mentioned]'.

Synonyms[edit]

  • (very):
edit
Synonyms of 很
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 很, 非常, 十分
Mandarin Beijing 挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
Taiwan 很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
Tianjin 挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jinan 挺, 楞
Xi'an 很
Wuhan 蠻, 很
Chengdu 很, 好
Chongqing 很
Yangzhou 蠻, 稀, 很
Hefei 很
Malaysia 很
Singapore 很, 蠻, 非常
Cantonese Guangzhou 好, 非常之
Hong Kong 好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 好
Taishan 好, 十分之
Yangjiang 好
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 好
Singapore (Guangfu) 好, 非常之, 非常
Gan Nanchang 蠻
Hakka Meixian 好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
Huidong (Daling) 好
Wuhua (Meilin) 好
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 頂
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 好
Changting 野
Wuping (Pingyu) 已, 刮
Liancheng 樣
Ninghua 好
Ruijin 蠻
Shicheng 蠻
Shangyou (Shexi) 蠻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 當, 已, 還
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 蓋, 盡, 還
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 當, 盡, 已, 還
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 當, 已, 還
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 當, 已, 還
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 足, 真, 實在
Hong Kong 好
Sabah (Bao'an) 好
Kuching (Hepo) 很
Singapore (Dabu) 好
Jin Taiyuan 很, 挺
Min Bei Jian'ou 盡
Min Dong Fuzhou 野, 真
Singapore (Fuqing) 真
Sitiawan (Gutian) 真
Min Nan Xiamen 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正
Xiamen (Tong'an) 真
Quanzhou 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人
Jinjiang 野
Zhangzhou 盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人
Zhao'an 很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
Dongshan 真, 非常
Taipei 真, 誠
New Taipei (Sanxia) 真, 誠
Kaohsiung 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Yilan 有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
Changhua (Lukang) 真, 誠
Taichung 誠, 蓋, 足
Tainan 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Hsinchu 真, 誠
Kinmen 足, 誠
Penghu (Magong) 真, 誠
Penang (Hokkien) 真, 誠, 真正
Singapore (Hokkien) 真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
Manila (Hokkien) 野, 真, 萬代, 真正
Chaozhou 過, 好, 非常, 死爸
Shantou 過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
Shantou (Chenghai) 好, 死絕
Shantou (Chaoyang) 好, 非常
Jieyang 過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
Bangkok (Teochew) 好
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 好
Singapore (Teochew) 真, 死爸, 非常
Wenchang 極, 但顧, 真
Haikou 但顧
Qionghai 但顧, 真
Singapore (Hainanese) 但顧, 真
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 好, 蠻
Wu Shanghai 蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
Suzhou 蠻, 窮
Hangzhou 蠻, 交關, 木佬佬, 冒
Ningbo 交關, 蠻, 堪, 𠊉好, 𠊉派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
Zhoushan 交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
Wenzhou 蠻, 蒙, 顯
Xiang Changsha 很, 蠻
Shuangfeng 蠻

See also[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

很

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

很 (eumhun 패려궂을 흔 (paeryeogujeul heun))

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Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

很: Hán Nôm readings: ngận, hẩn

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