他
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Translingual[edit]
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Han character[edit]
他 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人心木 (OPD), four-corner 24212, composition ⿰亻也)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 92, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 370
- Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 115, character 6
- Unihan data for U+4ED6
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 他 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 他 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 他 | *l̥ʰaːl |
| 拖 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːls |
| 駞 | *l'aːl |
| 池 | *l'aːl, *l'al |
| 灺 | *ljalʔ |
| 鍦 | *ɦljaːl, *hljal, *hljals |
| 虵 | *ɦljal, *laːlʔ, *lal |
| 也 | *laːlʔ |
| 忚 | *hleːl |
| 髢 | *l'eːls |
| 杝 | *l̥ʰalʔ, *l'alʔ, *lal |
| 肔 | *l̥ʰalʔ, *lalʔ |
| 馳 | *l'al |
| 阤 | *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ |
| 施 | *hljal, *hljals |
| 絁 | *hljal |
| 葹 | *hljal |
| 弛 | *hljalʔ |
| 箷 | *lal |
| 衪 | *lel, *lalʔ |
| 暆 | *lel |
| 迆 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 酏 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 匜 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 迤 | *lalʔ |
| 扡 | *lalʔ |
| 崺 | *lalʔ |
| 貤 | *lals, *ɦljels, *lels |
| 地 | *l'els |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰaːl): semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
他
- (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, Xiang, dialectal Wu, originally gender-neutral; nowadays usually referring to males) he; him; she; her
- 萬物是藉著他造的；凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3
- Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de; fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yī yàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de. [Pinyin]
- All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
万物是借着他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。 [MSC, simp.]- 他也不怕狼蟲，不懼虎豹，登上山頂上觀看。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
- Tā yě bù pà lángchóng, bù jù hǔbào, dēng shàng shāndǐng shàng guānkàn. [Pinyin]
- Since he was afraid neither of wolves and lizards nor of tigers and leopards, [he] went straight to the mountaintop to look around.
他也不怕狼虫，不惧虎豹，登上山顶上观看。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]- 我這女學生名叫黛玉。他讀書，凡『敏』字，他皆念作『密』字；寫字，遇著『敏』字亦減一二筆。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
- Wǒ zhè nǚxuéshēng míng jiào Dàiyù. Tā dú shū, fán ‘mǐn’ zì, tā jiē niàn zuò ‘mì’ zì; xiě zì, yù zhù ‘mǐn’ zì yì jiǎn yī'èr bǐ. [Pinyin]
- My current girl-pupil – named Daiyu, whenever she reads, she pronounces every character mǐn (敏 "hasty") as mì (密 "honey"); whenever [she] writes, [she] lessens every character 敏's number of strokes by one or two.
我这女学生名叫黛玉。他读书，凡‘敏’字，他皆念作‘密’字；写字，遇著‘敏’字亦减一二笔。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- A dummy pronoun.
- other; another
- a surname
Usage notes[edit]
- (personal pronoun):
- Originally gender-neutral before the 1910s, when the character 她 (tā, “she; her”) was coined; now usually refers to males (also occasionally refers to females).
- This term can refer to a person of unknown gender or there is no need to mention gender of the person referred to, while 他/她 (gender binary) is also used; see also Internet slang TA (tā, “they (singular)”).
Synonyms[edit]
Most of the words in the table below are gender-neutral in spoken form.
Dialectal synonyms of 他 (“he”) [map]
See also[edit]
| Standard Mandarin Chinese personal pronouns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Singular | Plural | |
| 1st | — | 我 (wǒ) | 我們／我们 (wǒmen) |
| inclusive | 咱們／咱们 (zánmen) | ||
| 2nd | male/indefinite | 你 (nǐ) | 你們／你们 (nǐmen) |
| female | 妳／你 (nǐ) | 妳們／你们 (nǐmen) | |
| deity | 祢 (nǐ) | 祢們／祢们 (nǐmen) | |
| polite | 您 (nín) | 你們／你们 (nǐmen) 您們／您们 (nínmen) | |
| 3rd | male/indefinite | 他 (tā) | 他們／他们 (tāmen) |
| female | 她 (tā) | 她們／她们 (tāmen) | |
| deity | 祂 (tā) | 祂們／祂们 (tāmen) | |
| animal | 牠／它 (tā) | 牠們／它们 (tāmen) | |
| inanimate | 它 (tā) | 它們／它们 (tāmen) | |
- 其 (qí)
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Wutunhua: ta (“he; she; it”)
References[edit]
- “他”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
他
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
- Kun: ほか (hoka, 他, Jōyō)
- Nanori: おさ (osa); ひと (hito); ほか (hoka)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 他意 (tai, “another meaning (for one's behavior or speech)”)
- 他我 (taga, “other minds”)
- 他界 (takai, “the world after death”)
- 他殺 (tasatsu, “murder”)
- 他動詞 (tadōshi, “transitive verb”)
- 他人 (tanin, “unrelated person”)
- 他愛 (tāi, “altruism”)
- 他家 (take)
- 他覚症 (takakushō)
- 他覚的 (takakuteki)
- 他郷 (takyō)
- 他見 (taken)
- 他言 (tagon, “telling the other persons”)
- 他行 (tagyō)
- 他国 (takoku, “the other country”)
- 他山 (tazan)
- 他事 (taji)
- 他社 (tasha, “the other company”)
- 他者 (tasha)
- 他出 (tashutsu)
- 他所 (tasho)
- 他称 (tashō)
- 他心 (tashin)
- 他生 (tashō)
- 他薦 (tasen)
- 他念 (tanen)
- 他派 (taha)
- 他物 (tabutsu)
- 他聞 (tabun)
- 他方 (tahō)
- 他面 (tamen)
- 他律 (taritsu)
- 他流 (taryū)
- 他力 (tariki)
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 他 |
| ほか Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 他 |
| た Grade: 3 |
| on’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- another, other, some other
- この他にも行き先がありますか。
- Kono hoka ni mo yukisaki ga arimasu ka.
- Do you have any other destinations?
- この事業は他を利するために開始されました。
- Kono jigyō wa ta o risuru tame ni kaishi saremashita.
- This project was started in order to benefit others.
- ほかにだれが手伝いに行きますか。
- Hoka ni dare ga tetsudai ni ikimasu ka.
- Who else will go to help you?
- この他にも行き先がありますか。
Derived terms[edit]
Idioms[edit]
Idioms
- 他でもない (hoka de mo nai): “there isn't anything else” → “specifically what I want to say is...” (used to emphasize what one is about to say)
- 他に累を及ぼす (ta ni rui o oyobosu): “extend the involvement (entanglement) to others” → involve others in trouble
- 他に例を見ない (ta ni rei o minai): “an example not seen in others” → incomparable
- 他の言に惑わされる (ta no gen ni madowasareru): “to be led astray by others' words”
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
他: Hán Nôm readings: tha, thà, thè, thơ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References[edit]
Zhuang[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
他
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