造

§Translingual

§Etymology

辶 + 告

§Han character

造 (radical 162 辵+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹土口 (YHGR), four-corner 3430₆, composition ⿺辶告)

1. construct, build, make, begin
2. prepare

§References

• KangXi: page 1258, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38898
• Dae Jaweon: page 1746, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3841, character 6
• Unihan data for U+9020

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§Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		造

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zào (zao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zou⁶
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): chho

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zào
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
    • Wade-Giles: tsao⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zou⁶
    • Yale: jouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzou⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯²²/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chho
    • IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /t͡sʰo⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (造, reconstructed)
Character (造), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 從 (15) Final: 豪 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 昨早切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/d͡zɑuX/	/d͡zʱɑuX/	/d͡zɑuX/	/d͡zɑuX/	/d͡zawX/	/d͡zɑuX/	/d͡zɑuX/
Character (造), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 清 (14) Final: 豪 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 七到切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/t͡sʰɑuH/	/t͡sʰɑuH/	/t͡sʰɑuH/	/t͡sʰɑuH/	/t͡sʰawH/	/t͡sʰɑuH/	/t͡sʰɑuH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (造, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
造								zào								‹ dzawX ›								/*[dzˤ]uʔ/								make
造								zào								‹ tshawH ›								/*(mə-)tsʰˤuʔ-s/								go to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
造					3799					告					奧					1					操					/*skʰuːɡs/
造					3803					告					幽					1					皁					/*sɡuːʔ/

§Verb

造

1. to make, to build
   • John 1.3

     万物是借着他造的。凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。

     Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de. Fán beì zào de, méiyǒu yīyàng búshì jièzhe tā zào de.

     All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

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§Japanese

§Kanji

造

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. create, make, physique, structure

§Readings

• On: ぞう (zō)
• Kun: つくる (造る, tsukuru), いたる (itaru), なる (naru)

§Compounds

• 創造
• 構造

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§Korean

§Hanja

造 (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune-Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

造 (tạo, xáo, xạo, tháo)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.