到

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到 U+5230, 到
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5230
← 刯
[U+522F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刱 →
[U+5231]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

到 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一土中弓 (MGLN), four-corner 12100, composition ⿰至刂)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 138, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1950
  • Dae Jaweon: page 314, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 334, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5230

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 到
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
魛 *taːw
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːws) : semantic 至 (“to arrive”) + phonetic 刀 (OC *taːw).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 到

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: dou3-2 - verbal complement indicating action completion.
Note: au1-2 - verbal complement indicating action completion.
Note:
  • dau3 - verbal complement indicating action completion;
  • dau - used after verb to indicate continued action or state.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • tò/tò͘ - literary (tò͘ is rare in Xiamen);
    • tàu - vernacular (limited, e.g. 到底).
Rime
Character 到
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都導切
Baxter tawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tɑuH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tɑuH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɑuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tawH/
Li
Rong 		/tɑuH/
Wang
Li 		/tɑuH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tɑuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dou3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 到
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dào
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tawH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁaw[k]-s/
English arrive

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 到
Reading # 1/1
No. 2115
Phonetic
component 		刀
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		到
Old
Chinese 		/*taːws/

Definitions[edit]

到

  1. to arrive at a destination; to reach a destination; to get to
    火車到了／火车到了  ―  huǒchē dào le  ―  The train has arrived.
  2. to go to; to leave for
    我到機場接你。／我到机场接你。  ―  Wǒ dào jīchǎng jiē nǐ.  ―  I'll go to the airport to pick you up.
    他到中國去了。／他到中国去了。  ―  Tā dào Zhōngguó qù le.  ―  He has gone to China.
  3. used as a verbal complement to indicate the (successful) completion of an action
    找到  ―  zhǎo dào  ―  to have found something
    做到  ―  zuò dào  ―  to have achieved something
    聽到／听到  ―  tīng dào  ―  to have heard something
    你怎麼沒有聽到我的敲門聲？ [MSC, trad.]
    你怎么没有听到我的敲门声？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ zěnme méiyǒu tīng dào wǒ de qiāomén shēng? [Pinyin]
    How did you not hear my knocking on the door?
    不管什麼事，我都辦得到。 [MSC, trad.]
    不管什么事，我都办得到。 [MSC, simp.]
    Bùguǎn shénme shì, wǒ dōu bàn de dào. [Pinyin]
    Whatever the thing is, I can accomplish it.
    搵唔搵到條鎖匙？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    揾唔揾到条锁匙？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    wan2 m4 wan2 dou3-2 tiu4 so2 si4? [Jyutping]
    Could you find the key?
    呃我唔到；呃唔到我 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    aak1 ngo5 m4 dou3-2; aak1 m4 dou3-2 ngo5 [Jyutping]
    can't fool me
  4. (Cantonese) used as a verbal complement to indicate the completion of an action, with negative sentiment
    食到條骨／食到条骨 [Cantonese]  ―  sik6 dou3-2 tiu4 gwat1 [Jyutping]  ―  find a bone in one's food
    畀人踩到隻手 [Cantonese, trad.]
    畀人踩到只手 [Cantonese, simp.]
    bei2 jan4 caai2 dou3-2 zek3 sau2 [Jyutping]
    have one's hand stepped on
  5. (dialectal) used after a verb to indicate a continued action or state
  6. (chiefly in the negative) to reach
    他體重不到五十公斤。 [MSC, trad.]
    他体重不到五十公斤。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā tǐzhòng bùdào wǔshí gōngjīn. [Pinyin]
    He weighs less than fifty kilograms.
  7. to the extent that
    佢嘈到我瞓唔著。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢嘈到我𰥛唔著。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 cou4 dou3 ngo5 fan3 m4 zoek6. [Jyutping]
    He is so noisy that I couldn't go to sleep.
  8. to
    1. to (a place)
      我最近搬到這個地區。 [MSC, trad.]
      我最近搬到这个地区。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ zuìjìn bān dào zhè ge dìqū. [Pinyin]
      I recently moved to this area.
    2. to (a time); until; up to
      這家店從9點開到18點。 [MSC, trad.]
      这家店从9点开到18点。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè jiā diàn cóng 9 diǎn kāi dào 18 diǎn. [Pinyin]
      This shop is open from 9 to 6 o'clock.
      我們要把假期推遲到天氣好些的時候。 [MSC, trad.]
      我们要把假期推迟到天气好些的时候。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒmen yào bǎ jiàqī tuīchí dào tiānqì hǎoxiē de shíhòu. [Pinyin]
      We shall delay our holiday until the weather is better.
    3. (from) ... to ...
      作業是第一題到第八題。 [MSC, trad.]
      作业是第一题到第八题。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zuòyè shì dì yī tí dào dì bā tí. [Pinyin]
      The homework is problems #1 to #8.
  9. (Siyi Yue, Northern Min) at; in
  10. thoughtful; considerate
Synonyms[edit]
  • (verbal complement indicating completion):
Dialectal synonyms of 到 (“verbal complement indicating completion”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 到
Mandarin Taiwan 到
Malaysia 到
Singapore 到
Cantonese Hong Kong 到
Singapore (Guangfu) 到
Southern Min Xiamen 著
Quanzhou 著
Jinjiang 著
Zhangzhou 著
Taipei 著 GT
Singapore (Hokkien) 著
Manila (Hokkien) 著
Singapore (Teochew) 著
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
  • (at):
Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 於
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 在
Mandarin Beijing 在, 挨, 跟, 的
Taiwan 在
Harbin 在
Jinan 在, 從
Wanrong 在
Xi'an 在
Ürümqi 在
Wuhan 在
Chengdu 在
Guiyang 在
Guilin 在
Liuzhou 在
Yangzhou 在
Nanjing 在
Hefei 在
Malaysia 在
Singapore 在
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 在
Cantonese Guangzhou 喺, 響
Hong Kong 喺, 響
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 喺, 在
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 喺, 響
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 在
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 在
Macau 喺
Guangzhou (Panyu) 喺, 響
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 響, 喺
Guangzhou (Conghua) 在
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 在
Foshan 喺, 響
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 喺, 響
Foshan (Shunde) 喺
Foshan (Sanshui) 喺
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 喺, 響
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 在
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 在
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 響, 揀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 揀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 喺
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 喺
Taishan 到, 響
Kaiping (Chikan) 到, 響
Enping (Niujiang) 到, 響
Heshan (Yayao) 響
Dongguan 響, 在, 喺
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 在
Yangjiang 在
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 喺, 響
Singapore (Guangfu) 喺
Gan Nanchang 在
Lichuan 在
Pingxiang 在
Hakka Meixian 嗨
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 在
Dongguan (Qingxi) 在
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 在
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 在
Conghua (Lütian) 在
Yudu 在
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 在
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 在
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 在
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 在
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 在
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 在
Hong Kong 在
Senai (Huiyang) 在
Kuching (Hepo) 在
Singapore (Dabu) 在
Jin Taiyuan 在
Xinzhou 在
Northern Min Jian'ou 到
Eastern Min Fuzhou 著, 在, 洽
Fuqing 著, 洽
Singapore (Fuqing) 著
Southern Min Xiamen 佇, 踮, 蹛
Quanzhou 佇, 踮, 蹛
Zhangzhou 佇, 咧, 蹛
Zhao'an 佇, 蹛
Taipei 佇
New Taipei (Sanxia) 佇
Kaohsiung 佇
Yilan 佇
Changhua (Lukang) 佇
Taichung 佇
Tainan 佇, 踮, 蹛
Hsinchu 佇
Kinmen 佇
Penghu (Magong) 佇
Penang (Hokkien) 佇, 蹛
Singapore (Hokkien) 佇, 壏
Manila (Hokkien) 佇, 踮
Chaozhou 在
Shantou 在
Shantou (Chenghai) 在
Shantou (Chaoyang) 在
Jieyang 在, 壏, 放
Haifeng 著
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 在
Singapore (Teochew) 在, 壏
Leizhou 佇, 放
Wenchang 佇
Singapore (Hainanese) 佇
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 在
Wu Shanghai 辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
Suzhou 勒
Danyang 在
Hangzhou 勒, 勒哈, 在
Ningbo 來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
Wenzhou 是
Xiang Changsha 在
Loudi 在
Shuangfeng 在

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 到
alternative forms
 
遘
告
至
甲
各 rare
遘
告
至
甲
各 rare
格 rare
𢓜 rare
佫 rare
徦 rare
假 rare
臵 rare
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Hokkien 到 (kàu) related to Hokkien 夠／够 (kàu)? as recorded together in Douglas (1873/1899)”

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

到

  1. (Min) to arrive
    伊到厝矣。 [Hokkien]  ―  I kàu chhù--ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He has arrived home.
  2. (Eastern Min) used as a verbal complement to indicate the (successful) completion of an action
  3. (Taiwanese and Singapore Hokkien, mahjong, playing cards) to complete a winning hand
Synonyms[edit]

(to complete a winning hand): 和 (hú); (Cantonese) 食糊

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

到

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. arrival
  2. proceed
  3. reach
  4. attain
  5. (archaic) result in

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

到(いたる) • (Itaru) 

  1. a male given name

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

到 (eumhun 이를 도 (ireul do))

  1. Hanja form? of 도 (“arrival”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

到: Hán Nôm readings: đáo, đáu, tráo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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