甲

See also: 田, 申, and 由

§Translingual

§Alternative forms

• 𠇚
• 𡴌

§Etymology

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形): a turtle shell.

§Han character

甲 (radical 102 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中 (WL), four-corner 6050₀, composition ⿻囗十)

1. armor, shell
2. fingernails
3. the first of the ten heavenly stems

§References

• KangXi: page 758, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
• Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2525, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7532

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§Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		甲

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǎ, shèng, tián, yìng (jia³, sheng⁴, tian², ying⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ, ㄕㄥˋ, ㄊㄧㄢˊ, ㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaap³
• Min Nan (POJ): kah / kap

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
    • Wade-Giles: chia³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯a̠²¹⁴/

    • (file)

      
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: shèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ
    • Wade-Giles: shêng⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenq
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: tián
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˊ
    • Wade-Giles: t'ien²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyan
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ
    • Wade-Giles: ying⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinq
    • IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaap³
    • Yale: gaap
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaap⁸
    • IPA ^(key): /kɑːp̚³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah / kap
    • Tâi-lô: kah / kap
    • IPA (Taipei): /kaʔ³²/, /kap̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaʔ³²/, /kap̚³²/
  • Note: kah - vernacular, kap - literary.

Middle Chinese pronunciation (甲, reconstructed)
Character (甲), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 狎 Division: II			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 古狎切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɣap̚/	/kap̚/	/kap̚/	/kɯap̚/	/kaɨp̚/	/kap̚/	/kap̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (甲, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
甲								jiǎ								‹ kæp ›								/*[k]ˤr[a]p/								1st heavenly stem; fingernail
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
甲					5931					甲					盍					1					甲					/*kraːb/					甲金文作十或田，象龜甲裂紋

§Noun

甲

1. armor

§Adjective

甲

1. number one; first

§Derived terms

• 鎧甲
• 盔甲
• 指甲
• 腳甲

§Compounds

• 甲A
• 甲B
• 甲醇钠
• 甲基苯骈三氮唑
• 甲基硅油
• 甲基环硅氧烷
• 甲基磺酸
• 甲基磺酰胺
• 甲醚
• 甲醛
• 甲酸
• 甲酸钾
• 甲酸钠
• 甲酸乙酯
• 甲烷
• 甲烷氯化物

§References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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§Japanese

§Kanji

甲

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

§Readings

• Goon: きょう (kyō)
• Kan’on: こう (kō)
• Kan’yōon: かん (kan)
• Kun: よろい (yoroi), つめ (tsume), きのえ (kinoe)

§Compounds

• 甲虫 (kōchū)

§Noun

甲 (hiragana こう, romaji kō)

1. carapace, shell
2. first in rank
3. instep or the back of the hand
4. the first party

甲 (hiragana よろい, romaji yoroi)

1. armor

甲 (hiragana きのえ, romaji kinoe)

1. first sign of the Chinese calendar

甲 (hiragana かん, romaji kan)

1. treble range

§Alternative forms

• 鎧

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§Korean

§Hanja

甲 (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune-Reischauer kap, Yale kap)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

甲 (giáp, giẹp, kép, nháp, ráp)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.