貢

See also: 贡

貢 U+8CA2, 貢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA2 ← 財 [U+8CA1] CJK Unified Ideographs 貣 → [U+8CA3]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

貢 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一月山金 (MBUC) or X一月山金 (XMBUC), four-corner 1080₆, composition ⿱工貝)

References

• KangXi: page 1205, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36665
• Dae Jaweon: page 1666, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3624, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8CA2

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Chinese

trad.		貢
simp.		贡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
缸	*kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ
篢	*kluːmʔ, *koːŋ
贑	*kluːmʔ
涳	*ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江	*kroːŋ
肛	*kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ
扛	*kroːŋ
杠	*kroːŋ
豇	*kroːŋ
茳	*kroːŋ
釭	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼	*kroːŋ
玒	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ
虹	*kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔	*kʰroːŋ
崆	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
羫	*kʰroːŋ
控	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
椌	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
悾	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌	*qʰroːŋ
谾	*qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ
舡	*qʰroːŋ
缻	*ɡroːŋ
項	*ɡroːŋʔ
屸	*ɡ·roːŋ
功	*koːŋ
工	*koːŋ
疘	*koːŋ
魟	*koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻	*koːŋ, *kuːŋ
愩	*koːŋ
碽	*koːŋ
貢	*koːŋs
羾	*koːŋs
空	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
箜	*kʰoːŋ
硿	*kʰoːŋ
埪	*kʰoːŋ
鵼	*kʰoːŋ
倥	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚	*kʰoːŋs
叿	*qʰoːŋ
嗊	*qʰoːŋʔ
訌	*ɡoːŋ
紅	*ɡoːŋ
仜	*ɡoːŋ
葒	*ɡoːŋ
渱	*ɡoːŋ
鴻	*ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ
汞	*ɡoːŋʔ
澒	*ɡoːŋʔ
鞏	*koŋʔ
巩	*koŋʔ
銎	*kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ
恐	*kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs
蛩	*ɡoŋ
筇	*ɡoŋ
桏	*ɡoŋ
邛	*ɡoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːŋs): phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ) + semantic 貝.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gòng (gong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gung³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kung
• Min Dong (BUC): góng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kòng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gong³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonq
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gòng
    • Wade–Giles: kung4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gung³
    • Yale: gung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kung
    • Hakka Romanization System: gung
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gung⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kuŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: góng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kouŋ²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòng
    • Tâi-lô: kòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gong³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koŋ²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /kuŋ^H/

Rime
Character	貢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古送切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/kuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/kuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwŋH/
Li Rong	/kuŋH/
Wang Li	/kuŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤom-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	貢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gòng
Middle Chinese	‹ kuwngH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁom-s/
English	tribute
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	貢
Reading #	1/1
No.	4031
Phonetic component	工
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	貢
Old Chinese	/*koːŋs/

Definitions

貢

1. to pay tribute
2. tribute; gift
3. (historical) to select or recommend talents for the imperial court
4. A surname​.

Compounds

• 五貢／五贡
• 任土作貢／任土作贡
• 例貢／例贡
• 優貢／优贡
• 入貢／入贡 (rùgòng)
• 副貢／副贡
• 土貢／土贡
• 幣貢／币贡
• 恩貢／恩贡
• 拔貢／拔贡
• 朝貢／朝贡 (cháogòng)
• 歲貢／岁贡
• 王貢彈冠／王贡弹冠
• 琛貢／琛贡
• 知貢舉／知贡举
• 禹貢／禹贡
• 稱臣納貢／称臣纳贡

• 納貢／纳贡 (nàgòng)
• 納貢稱臣／纳贡称臣
• 職貢／职贡
• 自貢／自贡 (Zìgòng, “Zigong”)
• 自貢市／自贡市
• 苞茅不貢／苞茅不贡
• 西貢／西贡 (Xīgòng)
• 貢丸／贡丸 (gòngwán)
• 貢元／贡元
• 貢八／贡八
• 貢品／贡品 (gòngpǐn)
• 貢士／贡士 (gòngshì)
• 貢奉／贡奉
• 貢官／贡官
• 貢寮／贡寮 (Gòngliáo)
• 貢水／贡水

• 貢煙／贡烟
• 貢獻／贡献 (gòngxiàn)
• 貢生／贡生 (gòngshēng)
• 貢監／贡监
• 貢禹／贡禹
• 貢禹彈冠／贡禹弹冠
• 貢稅／贡税 (gòngshuì)
• 貢緞／贡缎
• 貢膿／贡脓
• 貢舉／贡举
• 貢菜／贡菜
• 貢賦／贡赋 (gòngfù)
• 貢院／贡院 (gòngyuàn)
• 賓貢／宾贡
• 進貢／进贡 (jìngòng)
• 鄉貢／乡贡

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Japanese

Kanji

貢

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. tribute
2. support

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku, Jōyō ^†)
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kun: みつぐ (mitsugu, 貢ぐ, Jōyō); みつぎ (mitsugi, 貢ぎ)

Compounds

Compounds

• 貢献(こうけん) (kōken): contribution; to contribute

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
貢
みつぐ Grade: S
kun’yomi

From the verb 貢ぐ (mitsugu, “to support, to finance”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) みつ​ぐ [mìtsúꜜgù] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [mʲit͡sɨᵝɡɯ̟ᵝ]

Proper noun

貢(みつぐ) • (Mitsugu) 

1. a male given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
貢
みつぎ Grade: S
kun’yomi

From the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 貢ぐ (mitsugu, “to support, to finance”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) みつぎ [mìtsúgí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [mʲit͡sɨᵝɡʲi]

Proper noun

貢(みつぎ) • (Mitsugi) 

1. a male given name
2. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
貢
こう Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 貢 (kuwng^H, “tribute”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) こ​ー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

Noun

貢(こう) • (kō) 

1. tribute
2. support, a contribution (such as a donation of money)

Proper noun

貢(こう) • (Kō) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

貢 (eum 공 (gong))

1. give, offer, present
2. dedicate
3. devote

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Vietnamese

Han character

貢: Hán Nôm readings: gòn, cống, cóng, gúng, xống, gỏng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.