ku

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ku"

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku/

Determiner

kú

1. thy, your

See also

Afar possessive determiners

		1st person	2nd person	3rd person m	3rd person f
Personal	Singular	yi	ku	kay	tet
	Plural	ni	sin	ken
Reflexive	Singular	inní	isí
	Plural	ninní	isinní, sinní

References

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ku”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

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Ainu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Noun

ku (Kana spelling ク)

1. to drink

Derived terms

• iku (“to drink strong drink”)

See also

• e (“to eat”)

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Albanian

Alternative forms

• (Gheg) kû, kûn, kûh, ka, kah

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *ku, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷu (“where”). Cognate to Proto-Baltic *kur (“where”) (Lithuanian kur̃ (“id”), kur (“id”), Latvian kur), Proto-Slavic *kъde (“where”) (Old Church Slavonic къде (kŭde, “id”), Russian где (gde)) and Sanskrit कुह (kúha, “where”) (cf. also Sanskrit कू (kū́, “id”), Avestan 𐬐𐬎𐬛𐬁‎ (kudā), 𐬐𐬏‎ (kū)).

See also Albanian kur (“when”).

Adverb

ku

1. where (asking about a place, where or towards which direction)

   Ku po shkon? ― Where are you going?

2. where ... at

   Ku je? ― Where (are) you at?

3. whither, whereto
4. whence, where from
5. how (to/that)

   Synonym: si (qysh (Gheg))

   Ku e din ai? ― How does he (want to) know that?

   Ku më dit unë? ― How do I know that?

   (Gheg)

6. where, whither; there, thither (used to connect repetitive verbs; indicating location, direction)

Particle

ku

1. where (used for rhetorical questions)
2. where to where whither (used repeatedly, to accentuate significant differences between two objects)

Related terms

• kudo (“wherever”)
• diku (“somewhere”)
• kudo (“anywhere”)
• kudoqoftë (“anywhere”)
• askund (“nowhere”), askundi (“id”)
• ndokund (“somewhere”)
• gjëkund (“nowhere”), gjëkund (“id”)
• asgjëkund (“nowhere”), asgjëkundi (“id”)
• kurrkund (“nowhere”)
• kur (“when”)
• këtu (“here”)
• kah m (“direction”), kahu m (“id”)
• (Gheg) këtû, qaty

See also

• (interrogative pronouns)
  • (nominative) kush (“who”)
  • (accusative) kë (“whom”), (kënd (“id”))
  • (dative, ablative, genitive) kujt (kuj)

Further reading

• [2] adverb/particle ku (where) • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
• Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000) Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag, →ISBN, page 256
• Martin Camaj (1984) Albanian grammar : with exercices, chrestomathy and glossaries, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden, →ISBN, page 66, 92

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Anguthimri

Noun

ku

1. (Mpakwithi) tree
2. (Mpakwithi) wood
3. (Mpakwithi) stick

References

• Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 186

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Bambara

Noun

ku

1. tail
2. yam

Derived terms

• bananku
• kukara
• masaku

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Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/, [ku]

Noun

ku inan

1. The name of the Latin-script letter Q.

Declension

Declension of ku (inan, -V)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	ku	kua	kuak
ergative	kuk	kuak	kuek
dative	kuri	kuari	kuei
genitive	kuren	kuaren	kuen
comitative	kurekin	kuarekin	kuekin
causative	kurengatik	kuarengatik	kuengatik
benefactive	kurentzat	kuarentzat	kuentzat
instrumental	kuz	kuaz	kuez
inessive	kutan	kuan	kuetan
locative	kutako	kuko	kuetako
allative	kutara	kura	kuetara
terminative	kutaraino	kuraino	kuetaraino
directive	kutarantz	kurantz	kuetarantz
destinative	kutarako	kurako	kuetarako
ablative	kutatik	kutik	kuetatik
partitive	kurik	―	―
prolative	kutzat	―	―

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta

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Bura

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kú]

Noun

ku

1. hole

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kъ(n)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈku]

• ku

  (file)

Preposition

ku

1. (informal) to (in the direction of, and arriving at)

Synonyms

• k
• ke

Further reading

• ku in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• ku in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Ewe

Verb

kuku

1. to die

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Faroese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin kū.

Noun

ku n (genitive singular kus, plural ku)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter Q.

Declension

Declension of ku
n3	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ku	kuið	ku	kuini
accusative	ku	kuið	ku	kuini
dative	kui	kuinum	kuum	kuunum
genitive	kus	kusins	kua	kuanna

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French

Alternative forms

• cu (much less common)
• qu (less common)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ky/
• Rhymes: -y
• Homophones: cul, culs, cu, cus, kus, qu, qus

Noun

ku m (plural kus)

1. cue, The name of the Latin-script letter Q.

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology 1

From Portuguese quando. Cognate with Kabuverdianu kantu.

Pronoun

ku

1. when

Etymology 2

From Portuguese com. Cognate with Kabuverdianu ku.

Preposition

ku

1. with

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Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Pronoun

ku

1. (text messaging, informal) Alternative spelling of -ku.

Further reading

• “ku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

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Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ku, from Proto-Uralic *ku-. Akin to Finnish kun and Estonian kui.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Conjunction

ku

1. when
2. because
3. while, as

Adverb

ku

1. how?

   Ku on se... ― How do you say it in...

References

• Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎^[3]

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Japanese

Romanization

ku

1. Rōmaji transcription of く
2. Rōmaji transcription of ク

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Javanese

Etymology 1

Shortened form of aku, from Old Javanese aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

ku (personal pronoun, informal)

1. I (personal pronoun)
2. me (direct object of a verb)
3. me (object of a preposition)
4. me (indirect object of a verb)
5. my (belonging to me)

Etymology 2

Clipping of iku

Determiner

ku

1. that, those

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Jingpho

Etymology

Borrowed from Burmese ကူး (ku:)

Verb

ku

1. to copy

References

• Kurabe, Keita (2016-12-31), “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎^[4], volume 35, DOI:10.14989/219015, ISSN 1349-7804, pages 91–128

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Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese com.

Preposition

ku

1. with

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Kamassian

Noun

ku (transliteration needed)

1. ear

References

• https://www.infuse.finnougristik.uni-muenchen.de/e-learning/kamas/o1_kamas.pdf

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Karelian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ku, from Proto-Uralic *ku. Cognates include Finnish kun and Estonian kus (“where?”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku/

Determiner

ku

1. which?

Pronoun

ku

1. which, that

Declension

Declension of ku singular plural nominative ku kut genitive kun kun partitive kuta kuta inessive kussa kussa elative kusta kusta illative kuh kuh adessive kulla kulla ablative kulta kulta essive kuna kuna translative kuksi kuksi abessive kutta kutta

Synonyms

• (relative pronoun): mi, kumpani

References

• P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, page 60

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Latin

Alternative forms

• cū

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kuː/, [kuː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ku/, [ku]

Noun

kū f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter Q.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32
  Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū — each, again, with a long vowel sound.

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Livonian

Alternative forms

• kui (Courland)

Etymology

Related to Estonian kuidas and Finnish kuinka.

Pronoun

ku

1. how

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Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Preposition

ku (with dative)

1. Alternative form of k (used before ch, g, and k)

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Malay

Alternative forms

• aku, daku

Etymology

Shortened form of aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/
• Rhymes: -ku, -u

Pronoun

ku (Jawi spelling کو‎) (informal)

1. I (personal pronoun)

   Kutahu.

   I know.

2. me (direct object of a verb)

   Dia mengenaliku.

   He knows me.

3. me (object of a preposition)

   Dia pergi denganku.

   He went with me.

4. me (indirect object of a verb)
5. my (belonging to me)

   Ini barangku.

   This is my stuff.

Derived terms

• ku-
• -ku

See also

Malay personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person	standard	saya / ساي‎ aku/ku- / اکو‎ / كو-‎ (informal/towards God) -ku / -كو‎ (informal possessive) hamba / همبا‎ (dated)	kami / کامي‎ (exclusive) kita / کيت‎ (inclusive)
	Palace Malay	beta / بيتا‎
2nd person	standard	kamu / کامو‎ anda / اندا‎ (formal)
		engkau/kau- / اڠکاو‎/ كاو-‎ (informal/towards God) awak / اوق‎ (friendly/older towards younger) -mu / -مو‎ (possessive)	kalian / کاليان‎
	Palace Malay	tuanku / توانكو‎
3rd person	standard	dia / دي‎ ia / اي‎ beliau / بلياو‎ (honorific) -nya / -ڽ‎ (possessive)	mereka / مريک‎
	Palace Malay	baginda / بݢيندا‎

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Mandarin

Romanization

ku

1. Nonstandard spelling of kū.
2. Nonstandard spelling of kǔ.
3. Nonstandard spelling of kù.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Mauritian Creole

Noun

ku

1. Alternative spelling of kou

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Middle English

Noun

ku

1. Alternative form of cou

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Northern Kurdish

Conjunction

ku

1. that (connecting noun clause, introducing the result of the main clause)

   Min bihîst ku ew pir dewlemend e.

   I heard that he is very rich.

2. implied that (where it is grammatically necessary)

   Min tutişt tune ku bidim.

   I have nothing to give. OR I have nothing that I give.

Pronoun

ku

1. which, that (of those mentioned or implied)

   Dîmenderparêzên ku ekranê diguherînin bi kar bîne.

   Use screen savers that manipulate the screen.

Derived terms

• da ku, ji ber ku

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse kýr (accusative singular kú), from Proto-Germanic *kūz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”).

Noun

ku m or f (definite singular kuen or kua, indefinite plural kuer or kyr, definite plural kuene or kyrne)

1. a cow

Derived terms

• kugalskap
• kumelk
• melkeku, mjølkeku

References

• “ku” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʉː/ (example of pronunciation)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kýr (accusative singular kú), from Proto-Germanic *kūz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”). Akin to English cow.

Noun

ku f (definite singular kua, indefinite plural kyr, definite plural kyrne)

1. cow

   Det går eit par kyr i beitet og beitar.

   There are a couple of cows grazing in the pasture.

Derived terms

• kugalskap
• mjølkeku

Verb

ku

1. imperative of kua

Further reading

• “ku” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Papiamentu

Etymology 1

From Portuguese com and Spanish con and Kabuverdianu ku.

Conjunction

ku

1. with
2. plus
3. and

Etymology 2

From Portuguese que and Spanish que and Kabuverdianu ki.

Adverb

ku

1. than
2. that
3. which

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Pnar

Etymology

From Proto-Khasian *kuː. Cognate with Khasi kiew and Proto-Khmuic *gaːw (“to climb”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Verb

ku

1. to climb

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Polish

Etymology

From Old Polish k, from Proto-Slavic *kъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *kom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

ku (+ dative)

1. towards, to

Further reading

• ku in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ku in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Sumerian

Romanization

ku

1. Romanization of 𒆪 (ku)

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Ter Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *ki, the same root from which the Finnish ken is derived.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku/

Pronoun

ku

1. who

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

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Tocharian A

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian *ku, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Compare Tocharian B ku, Latin canis, Old Irish cú, Old English hund.

Noun

ku m

1. dog

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Tocharian B

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian *ku, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Compare Tocharian A ku, Latin canis, Old Irish cú, Old English hund.

Noun

ku m

1. dog

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Tsonga

Particle

ku

1. to

   Ku ba ndlopfu hi xibakele. ― To hit an elephant with a fist.

References

• "ku" in Xitsonga Dictionary

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Unami

Etymology

From Proto-Algonquian *-w (negative particle).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ku]

Adverb

ku

1. not

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Veps

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

ku

1. if
2. when
3. than (in comparisons)

Synonyms

• (than): mi

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *kuu, from Proto-Uralic *kuŋe.

Noun

ku

1. moon
2. month

Inflection

Inflection of ku
nominative sing.	ku
genitive sing.	kun
partitive sing.	kud
partitive plur.	kuid
	singular	plural
nominative	ku	kud
accusative	kun	kud
genitive	kun	kuiden
partitive	kud	kuid
essive-instructive	kun	kuin
translative	kuks	kuikš
inessive	kus	kuiš
elative	kuspäi	kuišpäi
illative	?	kuihe
adessive	kul	kuil
ablative	kulpäi	kuilpäi
allative	kule	kuile
abessive	kuta	kuita
comitative	kunke	kuidenke
prolative	kudme	kuidme
approximative I	kunno	kuidenno
approximative II	kunnoks	kuidennoks
egressive	kunnopäi	kuidennopäi
terminative I	?	kuihesai
terminative II	kulesai	kuilesai
terminative III	kussai	—
additive I	?	kuihepäi
additive II	kulepäi	kuilepäi

Derived terms

• eloku
• heinku
• keväz'ku
• kezaku
• kulehtez
• kül'mku
• reduku
• semendku
• sulaku
• sügüz'ku
• tal'vku
• uhoku
• uz'ku
• viluku

 

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “если, месяц, когда, раз, чем”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

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Wakhi

Pronoun

ku

1. who

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Yurok

Noun

ku

1. dove