ni
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (GA) (file)
Noun[edit]
ni
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Abinomn[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- you (singular)
Afar[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ní
- our
- Saytun Qhuraan kee kay maqnah tarjamaty Qafar afal tani [The clear Qur'an and its explanation translated into the Afar language][2], Suurat Al-Faatica, verse 5:
- Diggah nanu Ni Rabbow koo inkittosnaah Qibaada dibuk koo caglisna, nanu ni-caagiidah inkih cato koo esserra.
- Our God, with strength we make you whole, only you we give [our] adoration, we as one ask you for help with our afairs.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ni”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[3], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Ainu[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni (Kana spelling ニ)
Synonyms[edit]
Albanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Albanian *nū, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”). Cognate to Sanskrit नू (nū, “now”).[1] Often occurs in coordination with other particles, compare tani, nani, nime.
Adverb[edit]
ni
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 206
Anguthimri[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 187
Aromanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Vulgar Latin nīs, from Latin nos. Compare Romanian ne (older form nă).
Pronoun[edit]
ni (unstressed accusative and reflexive form of noi)
- (direct object, first-person plural) us
Related terms[edit]
- noi (stressed accusative)
Pronoun[edit]
ni (unstressed dative and reflexive form of noi)
- (indirect object, first-person plural) (to) us
Related terms[edit]
- nau (stressed dative)
See also[edit]
Asturian[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni f (uncountable)
- nu (name for the letter of the Greek alphabet: Ν and ν)
Atong (India)[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Bodo-Garo *nɯi⁴ (“two”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s (“two”). Cognate with S'gaw Karen ခံ (khee), Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis), Sikkimese ཉི (nyi), Sichuan Yi ꑍ (nyip), Burmese နှစ် (hnac).
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ni (Bengali script নি)
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Bambara[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Richard Nci Diarra, Lexique bambara-français-anglais, December 13, 2010
Basque[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Basque *ni.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- First-person singular personal pronoun; I
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- "ni" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
- “ni” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus
Biloxi[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
- Synonym of ani (“water”)
References[edit]
- David Kaufman, Tanêks-Tąyosą Kadakathi: Biloxi-English Dictionary (University of Kansas, 2011, →ISBN, page 34
Breton[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Brythonic *ni, from Proto-Celtic *snīs.
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- we (first-person plural personal pronoun)
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Brythonic *nei, from Proto-Celtic *neɸūss, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.
Noun[edit]
ni m (plural nied)
Catalan[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ni
Adverb[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni f (plural nis)
Danish[edit]
< 8 | 9 | 10 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ni Ordinal : niende | ||
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse níu, from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ni
Drung[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj.
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung[4], Santa Barbara: University of California
Dumbea[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDuᵐbea" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
- Shintani, T.L.A. & Païta, Y. (1990) Dictionnaire de la langue de Païta, Nouméa: Sociéte d'etudes historiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Cited in: "Drubea" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ni
- this.
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- this.
Esperanto[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Italian noi, French nous, Spanish nos, Latin nos, plus the i of personal pronouns.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni (first-person plural, accusative nin, possessive nia)
- we (first-person plural personal pronoun)
- Ni batis lin.
- We hit him.
- ourselves
- Ni diris al ni.
- We said to ourselves.
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French ny, from Old French ne, from Latin nec. Compare Italian né, Catalan and Spanish ni, Portuguese nem.
Pronunciation[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ni
- neither; nor
- 1898, Revue du monde invisible, page 339:
- Notre imagination, si ardente qu’on la suppose, ne peut ni guérir instantanément une lésion organique, ni ressusciter un mort.
- Our imagination, so ardent as we suppose, can neither instantaneously heal an organic lesion, nor resuscitate the dead.
- 1876, Bulletins et mémoires de la Société médicale des hôpitaux de Paris, Volume 12:
- […] les constitutions accidentelles ou intercurrentes ne sont ni moins importantes ni plus faciles à expliquer.
- […] accidental or intercurrent constitutions are neither less important nor easier to explain.
- c. 1656–1662, Blaise Pascal, “Preuves par discours I – Papier original : RO 3-1 r° / v° et RO 7-1 r° / v°”, in Pensées [Thoughts][5]:
- Mais nous ne connaissons ni l’existence ni la nature de Dieu, parce qu’il n’a ni étendue, ni bornes.
- But we know neither the existence nor the nature of God, because He has neither extent nor limits.
Usage notes[edit]
- Used with the negative particle ne.
- Chiefly used at least twice in the same sentence the same way neither and nor would be used in an English sentence, such as ni riche, ni pauvre (“neither rich nor poor”).
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “ni”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Gothic[edit]
Romanization[edit]
ni
- Romanization of 𐌽𐌹
Hausa[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Chadic, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ˀanāku.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
nī
- I (1st person singular pronoun)
See also[edit]
- mínì (1st person singular indirect object enclitic pronoun)
- nì (1st person singular independent object pronoun)
- -wá (1st person singular possessive enclitic pronoun)
Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Native word of debated origin:[1]
- Shortened from nézd (“look!”) ~ nízd (a dialectal variant).
- An onomatopoeia expressing astonishment.
Pronunciation[edit]
Interjection[edit]
ni
- (colloquial) lo!, look!
- Itt van ni! ― Look! Here it is!
Usage notes[edit]
Most of the time it is used in its duplicated form: nini!
References[edit]
- ^ ni in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading[edit]
- ni in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Idi[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
Ido[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- (personal) we (first-person plural personal pronoun)
Ingrian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ni
- Alternative form of niin
- 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
- Jot saavva tiitä mitä ono pintamaas, ni pittää tehä mokomat oopьtat.
- In order to get to know what is in the topsoil, (that's why) it's important to perform such experiments.
References[edit]
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 340
Interlingua[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French and Spanish ni, from Latin nec (“and not”).
Adverb[edit]
ni
- and not.
- Io non sape, ni vole saper ― I don’t know, and I don’t want to know
- Neither, nor.
- Illo ni me place ni displace ― It neither pleases me nor displeases me
- And, or (following a "with no" or "without").
- Nos debe resister sin aqua ni alimento ― We must resist with no water or food
Italian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Adverb[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni m or f (invariable)
- nu (Greek letter)
Anagrams[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
ni
Kamano[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN
Kansa[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Siouan *wa-rį́• (“water”).
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Kansa dictionary
- Quapaw dictionary, in notes: "ni (ni) - water, river, liquid (Kanza)"
Kedah Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- you (singular)
Klao[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- World Lexicon of Grammaticalization (2002, →ISBN
Laboya[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Allahverdi Verdizade (2019), “ni”, in Lamboya word list, Leiden: LexiRumah
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Latin nei, from Proto-Indo-European *néy (“not”), from *ne. Cognates include Gothic 𐌽𐌴𐌹 (nei), Lithuanian nei, Old Church Slavonic ни (ni), Old Irish ní and Sanskrit न (na, “ná”). See also nē.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
nī (not comparable)
Derived terms[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
nī
- not, that not, unless; like ne in imperative and intentional clauses
- Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Vinum aliudve quid ni laudato. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Ligurian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ni
Livonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *nügüt. Cognates include Finnish nyt.
Adverb[edit]
ni
Luxembourgish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle High German nie, from Old High German nio. Cognate with German nie.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
ni
Synonyms[edit]
Malay[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Shortened form of ini, from Proto-Malayic *(i)ni(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)ni, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)ni.
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ni
- (colloquial) this (the (thing) here)
- (colloquial) this (known (thing) just mentioned)
- (colloquial) this (known (thing) about to be mentioned)
- (colloquial) this (known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience)
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- (colloquial) this (The thing, item, etc. being indicated)
Mandarin[edit]
Romanization[edit]
ni
- Nonstandard spelling of nī.
- Nonstandard spelling of ní.
- Nonstandard spelling of nǐ.
- Nonstandard spelling of nì.
Usage notes[edit]
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Marshallese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Micronesian *niu, from Proto-Oceanic *niuʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niuʀ.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
- coconut tree
Related terms[edit]
- iu (coconut)
References[edit]
Middle English[edit]
Adverb[edit]
ni
- Alternative form of ne
Conjunction[edit]
ni
- Alternative form of ne
Middle Irish[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni
- Alternative spelling of ní
Mohegan-Pequot[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni (first person singular)
- singular first-person pronoun I
[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- second person singular pronoun you
- Shí dóó ni ayóo ałk’is niidlį́.
- You and I are really good friends.
- Shí dóó ni ayóo ałk’is niidlį́.
- second person singular possessive pronoun yours
- Díí naaltsoos éí ni.
- This book is yours.
- Díí naaltsoos éí ni.
Usage notes[edit]
The verb in Navajo incorporates information about person, and many sentences may thus not have explicit independent pronouns. For instance:
- Hooghandi naniná.
- Ni éí hooghandi naniná.
Both sentences are grammatically complete, and mean essentially the same thing: you are at home. The verb naniná is in the second-person form, so the pronoun can be safely omitted, as in the first sentence. This is similar to pronoun dropping in other languages where the verb specifies person, such as Spanish. Meanwhile, the explicit use of ni in the second sentence emphasizes that the speaker is talking about you. This can be thought of as roughly equivalent to the use of emphasis in English: while the first sentence comes across as you're at home, the second one is more like you, you're at home.
See also[edit]
Naxi[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋja.
Noun[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s.
Numeral[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Naxi Dictionary by T.M. Pinson, Lijiang 2012
Ningil[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66 : /niː/
- Margaret Manning, Naomi Saggers, A Tentative Phonemic Analysis of Ningil (SIL), in Phonologies of five Austronesian languages (Richard Loving, John M. Clifton; 1975) : /ni/
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
< 8 | 9 | 10 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ni Ordinal : niende | ||
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse níu (whence also Danish ni, Icelandic níu, Faroese níggju and Swedish nio) from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. Cognate with Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun); Old English niġon (English nine); Old Frisian nigun (West Frisian njoggen); Old High German niun (German neun).
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ni
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “ni” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
< 8 | 9 | 10 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ni Ordinal : niande | ||
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ni
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “ni” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Nutabe[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Paul Rivet, Nouvelle contribution à l’étude de l’ethnologie précolombienne de Colombie, Journal de la Société des Américanistes volume 35, pages 25-39 (1943), page 26
Old High German[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Germanic *ne.
Pronunciation[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Old Irish[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni
- Alternative spelling of ní
Omaha-Ponca[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Siouan *wa-rį́• (“water”).
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Alice Cunningham Fletcher, Francis La Flesche, The Omaha Tribe (1970), page 166
Phalura[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)
- this (agr: prox fem / prox non-nom masc)
References[edit]
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[6], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Etymology 2[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)
- these (agr: prox)
References[edit]
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[7], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Etymology 3[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)
- it
- she (prox fem nom)
References[edit]
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[8], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Etymology 4[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling نیۡ)
- they (prox nom)
References[edit]
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[9], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ni.
Conjunction[edit]
ni
Derived terms[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni n (indeclinable)
- Alternative form of ny
Further reading[edit]
- ni in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ni in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Ancient Greek νῦ (nû).
Noun[edit]
ni m (plural nis)
- nu (the thirteenth letter of the Greek alphabet)
Proto-Norse[edit]
Romanization[edit]
ni
- Romanization of ᚾᛁ
Rawang[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Verb[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
Etymology 3[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj. Cognate with Burmese နေ (ne) and နေ့ (ne.), Old Chinese 日 (OC *njiɡ).
Noun[edit]
ni
- day (24 hour).
See also[edit]
- yáng (“daytime”)
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
Usage notes[edit]
This form is used when ne (which is dative) is combined with the following accusatives:
- îl (the accusative of el, contracted as ni-l)
- îi (the accusative of ei, contracted as ni-i)
- le (the accusative of ele)
- se (the reflexive accusative of all third-person pronouns)
See also[edit]
Interjection[edit]
ni
- (Transylvania) lo!, look!, behold!
- Ni la el! ― Look at him!
Samoan[edit]
Article[edit]
ni
- some (plural indefinite article)
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *ni (“nor, not”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *nej, from Proto-Indo-European *ney. Compare ni-, ne.
Particle[edit]
ni (Cyrillic spelling ни)
- (emphasizes negation) even, either
- ni ja to ne znam — even I don't know that; I don't know that either
- nisam hteo/htio ni da čujem za pr(ij)edlog — I didn't even want to hear of the proposal
Conjunction[edit]
ni (Cyrillic spelling ни)
- (shortening of niti) neither, nor
- ona nije ni pametna ni(ti) marljiva — she is neither smart nor industrious
- ni traga ni glasa o .. — not a trace about ..
- ni kriv ni dužan — completely innocent (lit. neither guilty nor indebted)
Sicilian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
Inflection[edit]
nominative | nuàutri |
---|---|
prepositional | nuàutri |
accusative | ni |
dative | ni |
reflexive | ni |
possessive | nostru |
See also[edit]
Slovene[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
ní
Spanish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Spanish nin, from Latin nec, apocopated form of neque, from Proto-Indo-European *nekʷe (“and not, neither, nor”), from *ne (“not”) + *-kʷe (“and”). Compare Asturian and Galician nin, Catalan and French ni, Portuguese nem, Italian né, Dalmatian ne. Indo-European cognates include Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌷 (nih) and Irish nach.
Conjunction[edit]
ni
- (coordinating) neither... nor
- Antonym: o ... o
- No tengo ni dinero ni tiempo.
- I have neither money nor time.
- nor, or
- No descansa de día ni de noche.
- He doesn't rest during the day nor during the night.
Derived terms[edit]
- ni chicha ni limonada
- ni come, ni deja comer
- ni corto ni perezoso
- ni fu ni fa
- ni grado ni gracias
- ni idea
- ni ir ni venir
- ni lerdo ni perezoso
- ni más ni menos
- ni olvido, ni perdón
- ni pena ni gloria
- ni rey ni roque
- ni tanto ni tan calvo
- ni va ni viene
- ni visto ni oído
- sin chistar ni mistar
- sin oficio ni beneficio
- sin pena ni gloria
- sin pies ni cabeza
- sin tripas ni cuajar
Adverb[edit]
ni
- not even
- No descansaba ni por un minuto
- I didn't rest even for a minute.
- Ni yo sé qué significa esta palabra.
- Not even I know what this word means.
Derived terms[edit]
- ni a balazos
- ni a cañón
- ni a cañonazos
- ni a dos tirones
- ni a la de tres
- ni a palos
- ni a tiros
- ni a tres tirones
- ni bien
- ni borracho
- ni buscado con un candil
- ni cosa que lo valga
- ni Cristo que lo fundó
- ni de broma
- ni de coña
- ni de guasa
- ni de lejos
- ni Dios
- ni en sueños
- ni gaitas
- ni ganas
- ni hablar
- ni hablar del peluquín
- ni harto de vino
- ni hecho a propósito
- ni idea
- ni jota
- ni media palabra
- ni modo
- ni mu
- ni mucho menos
- ni muerto
- ni palabra
- ni pensarlo
- ni pío
- ni pizca
- ni por asomo
- ni por esas
- ni por un cristo
- ni que
- ni que decir tiene
- ni qué hostias
- ni qué leches
- ni qué niño muerto
- ni qué ocho cuartos
- ni qué pan caliente
- ni remotamente
- ni siquiera
- ni un pelo
- nini
- no dejar verde ni seco
- no ni na
- ya ni la friegas
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni f (plural níes)
Further reading[edit]
- “ni”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Verb[edit]
ni
- positive degree present and gnomic (all persons, numbers, and classes) of -wa (“to be”)
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Since 1661, through rebracketing of the 2nd plural verb suffix -(e)n and the older pronoun I ("ye"), e.g. vissten I > visste ni (“did you know”). Compare Icelandic þér and þið which developed similarly.
The Old Swedish ī, īr derives from Old Norse *īʀ (East Norse variant of ér) from Proto-Germanic *jīz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Compare Danish I.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
- you (plural nominative), "y'all"
- you (second-person singular nominative formal) (capitalized Ni, rare in modern use)
- (obsolete) title used when addressing a person of lower social rank
- –Ni kan börja med att städa kontoret, fröken Andersson.
–Javisst, Herr Direktör.- –You can start with cleaning the office, miss Andersson.
–Certainly, Mr. Director
- –You can start with cleaning the office, miss Andersson.
- (colloquial, perceived formal, derogatory to some) by some considered a respectful alternative to du (“you”), especially when addressing customers or the elderly
- Vill ni ha en påse med köpet?
- Do you want a bag with your purchase?
- (obsolete) title used when addressing a person of lower social rank
Usage notes[edit]
Both ni and er are second person plural forms, but can also be used as formal second person singular, as in the German Sie or French vous. It may sometimes also be capitalized (Ni, Er). The courteous "ni" was introduced in Swedish around the year 1900 as an alternative to the more complicated pattern of addressing others in the third person singular by their appropriate titles. This required knowledge of social status, occupation, educations, etc. with terms like fru (“Mrs.”) or fröken (“Ms.”), greve (“count”), kamrer (“accountant”), kandidat (“bachelor's degree holder”), etc. However this "ni-reform" was not well liked and when authority came to use the word ni to their subordinates the word got a condescending undertone. Interestingly enough the older I, from which ni was originally formed, was used alongside ni all along (and is still in use in some dialects) but never got the condescending undertone that ni got. This was all phased out gradually during the 1960s and 1970s in the so-called du-reformen, (“the you-reform”). In contemporary Swedish, du is universal and may be used to address anyone, regardless of differences in social status or age.
Ni is used occasionally by younger speakers to address customers in order to be formal and polite. However this is often seen as being overly formal and too contrived, even condescending and insulting, especially by older speakers. Formality and politeness in modern Swedish is not conveyed through specific grammatical forms, but primarily done through indirectness, manners of speaking or various other behaviors.
Declension[edit]
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
singular | first | — | jag | mig, mej3 | min | mitt | mina |
second | — | du | dig, dej3 | din | ditt | dina | |
third | masculine (person) | han | honom, han2, en5 | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hon | henne, na5 | hennes | ||||
gender-neutral (person)1 | hen | hen, henom7 | hens | ||||
common (noun) | den | den | dess | ||||
neuter (noun) | det | det | dess | ||||
indefinite | man or en4 | en | ens | ||||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | ||
plural | first | — | vi | oss | vår, våran2 | vårt, vårat2 | våra |
second | — | ni | er | er, eran2, ers6 | ert, erat2 | era | |
archaic | I | eder | eder, eders6 | edert | edra | ||
third | — | de, dom3 | dem, dom3 | deras | |||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina |
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
- ni in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- ni in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- ni in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams[edit]
Tagalog[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Austronesian *ni (“marker of possession”).
Preposition[edit]
ni (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ, plural nina)
- Of; possessive particle. Used only with personal names.
- bisikleta ni Juan ― Juan's bicycle
- Objective marker for personal names—objective form of si; functional equivalent of ng.
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from Spanish ni (“not even”).
Conjunction[edit]
ni (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ)
- neither; nor
- Ni ako hindi nagsisigarilyo. ― Even I don't do cigarettes.
- Ni aso ni pusa. ― Neither dog nor cat.
Adverb[edit]
ni (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒ)
- not even
- Hindi ako humingi ni isang butil ng bigas. ― I didn't ask not even for a single grain of rice.
Tokelauan[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *ni. Cognates include Tuvaluan ni and Samoan ni.
Article[edit]
ni
- Plural indefinite article; any
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary[10], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 250
Unami[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni
Ura (Vanuatu)[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
Further reading[edit]
- Terry Crowley, Ura: A Disappearing Language of Southern Vanuatu (1999)
Uzbek[edit]
Particle[edit]
ni (Cyrillic ни)
- accusative case marker. It is placed after the direct object of a transitive verb.
- Men O'zbek tilini o'rganyapman.
- I am studying Uzbek.
Veps[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Russian ни (ni).
Determiner[edit]
ni
Inflection[edit]
Not inflected.
Conjunction[edit]
ni ... ni
References[edit]
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “ни”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Vietnamese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
See này.
This is one of many cases in which monophthongs were not diphthongized in Central Vietnamese, compare mày vs. mi, chấy vs. chí, nước vs. nác.
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
ni
Adverb[edit]
ni
See also[edit]
Vietnamese demonstratives | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Laurence Thompson (1965), Vietnamese Grammar | |||||||||||||||||||
Unspecified | Close to the speaker or newly introduced |
Remote, already identified | |||||||||||||||||
PLACE đ- (first register) |
đâu ‘wherever’ |
đây ‘here’ |
đấy ‘there’ | ||||||||||||||||
REFERENCE n- (second register) |
nào ‘whichever’ |
này ‘this’ |
nọ ‘that’ | ||||||||||||||||
PROPORTION b- (first register) |
bao ‘to whatever extent’ |
bây ‘to this extent’ |
bấy ‘to that extent’ | ||||||||||||||||
MANNER s- (first register) v- (second register) |
sao ‘however’ |
vầy ‘this way’ |
vậy ‘that way’ | ||||||||||||||||
Nguyễn Phú Phong (1992), “Vietnamese Demonstratives Revisited” | |||||||||||||||||||
D• (Indefinite) |
D1 (Proximal) |
D2 (Medial) |
D3 (Distal) | ||||||||||||||||
+NOM(inal) | đâu place-what |
đây place-this |
đấy place-that1 |
||||||||||||||||
±NOM(inal) | đó (place-)that1 |
kia (place-)that2 | |||||||||||||||||
–NOM(inal) | nào what |
nầy this |
nấy/ấy that1 |
nọ that2 |
Proximal (*-iː) |
Distal 1 (*-iːʔ) |
Distal 2 (*-əːʔ) |
Distal 3/ Remote (*-ɔːʔ) |
Interrogative (rime was a rounded back vowel) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Place, attributive1 n- |
ni nì này |
nấy | nớ | nọ | nào |
Place, nominal2 đ- |
đây | đí đấy |
— | đó | đâu |
Manner r- |
ri rày |
— | rứa | — | ru sao3 |
Extent 14 b- |
bây | bấy | — | — | bao |
Extent 25 v- |
vầy | vậy | — | — | — |
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). 2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”). 3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”). 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”). |
Anagrams[edit]
Welsh[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Brythonic *ni, from Proto-Celtic *snīs.
Pronoun[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *nīs, from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”).
Adverb[edit]
ni
West Makian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ni (possessive prefix ni)
- second-person singular pronoun, you
See also[edit]
independent | possessive prefix | |
---|---|---|
1st person singular | de | ti |
2nd person singular | ni | ni |
3rd person singular | me | mVan., dVinan. |
1st person plural inclusive | ene | nV |
1st person plural exclusive | imi | mi |
2nd person plural | ini | fi |
3rd person plural | eme | di |
- V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun, following standard West Makian vowel harmony.
References[edit]
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[11], Pacific linguistics
Yil[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66 : /niː/
- A Tentative Phonemic Statement in Yil in West Sepik Province, in Phonologies of five Austronesian languages (Richard Loving, John M. Clifton; 1975) : /ni/
Yoruba[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ní
- The name of the Latin-script letter N.
See also[edit]
- (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí
Etymology 2[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- nẹ́ (Oǹdó, Ìkálẹ̀)
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
ní
- (transitive) to have
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
ní
Derived terms[edit]
- lẹ́ẹ̀kan (“once”)
- lẹ́yìn (“behind, except”)
- lọ́dọọdún (“every year”)
- lọ́jọ́ ọ̀la (“in the future”)
- lọ́la (“tomorrow”)
- lọ́sọ̀ọ̀sẹ̀ (“every week”)
- lọ́sọ̀ọ̀sán (“every afternoon”)
- lọ́sàn-án (“in the afternoon”)
- lọ́tùn-ún-la (“the day after tomorrow”)
- lábẹ́ (“under”)
- lálaalẹ́ (“every evening”)
- lálẹ́ (“in the evening”)
- lánàá (“yesterday”)
- láràárọ̀ (“every morning”)
- láyé àtijọ́ (“historically”)
- láàárọ̀ (“in the morning”)
- lóde òní (“nowadays”)
- lójoojúmọ́ (“everyday”)
- lókè (“over, above”)
- lónìí (“today”)
- lópin (“at the end”)
- lórí (“on top, on”)
- lóòótọ́ (“in truth”)
- ní báyìí (“at this time”)
- níbẹ̀ (“there”)
- níbẹ̀rẹ̀ (“at the start”)
- níbikíbi (“anywhere”)
- níbo (“where”)
- níbí (“here”)
- nígbà tí (“when”)
- nígbàkugbà (“at any time”)
- níjẹta (“two days ago”)
- nílẹ̀ (“down”)
- nílé (“at home”)
- nínú (“inside”)
- nípòkípò (“in any position”)
- nísàlẹ̀ (“below, under”)
- nítorí (“because of”)
See also[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
ní
- (intransitive) to say
See also[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
ni
- (transitive) to be (to have a quality or identification)
Usage notes[edit]
This verb cannot be used with regular subject pronouns such as mo or ó, and emphatic subject pronouns must be used in their place. This verb is also often used in a flipped structure where the quality or identification becomes the grammatical subject of the verb while an object pronoun is used for the actual subject of the sentence.
- Òun ni ọ̀rẹ́ mi. – He is my friend. (uses the emphatic pronoun òun instead of ó)
- Ṣé ọmọ Yorùbá ni yín? – Are you Yoruba? (Ọmọ Yorùbá becomes the subject of ni while "you" becomes the object pronoun yín)
See also[edit]
Etymology 6[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (intransitive) to be bloated, to be tumid
Derived terms[edit]
Zou[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *nii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəj. Cognates include Min Bei 日 (nì) and Burmese နေ (ne).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ni
Etymology 2[edit]
< 1 | 2 | 3 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ni | ||
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ni, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s. Cognates include Min Bei 二 (nī) and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis).
Pronunciation[edit]
Numeral[edit]
ni
References[edit]
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
Zulu[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective[edit]
-ni?
- what (kind of)
Inflection[edit]
Enumerative concord, tone H | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | ||||
Class 1 | muni | |||
Class 2 | bani | |||
Class 3 | muni | |||
Class 4 | mini | |||
Class 5 | lini | |||
Class 6 | mani | |||
Class 7 | sini | |||
Class 8 | zini | |||
Class 9 | yini | |||
Class 10 | zini | |||
Class 11 | luni | |||
Class 14 | buni | |||
Class 15 | kuni | |||
Class 17 | kuni |
Etymology 2[edit]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun[edit]
-ni
- Combining stem of nina.
References[edit]
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “-ni”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-ni”
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- Phalura pronouns
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/i
- Rhymes:Polish/i/1 syllable
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish conjunctions
- Polish lemmas
- Polish terms with archaic senses
- Polish particles
- Polish dialectal terms
- Polish nouns
- Polish indeclinable nouns
- Polish neuter nouns
- pl:Greek letter names
- Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- pt:Greek letter names
- Proto-Norse non-lemma forms
- Proto-Norse romanizations
- Rawang terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rawang verbs
- Rawang lemmas
- Rawang nouns
- Rawang terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Rawang terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Romanian terms derived from Hungarian
- Romanian terms borrowed from Hungarian
- Romanian pronouns
- Romanian personal pronouns
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian interjections
- Transylvanian Romanian
- Romanian terms with usage examples
- Samoan articles
- Samoan lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian particles
- Serbo-Croatian conjunctions
- Sicilian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sicilian pronouns
- Sicilian lemmas
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene non-lemma forms
- Slovene verb forms
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/i
- Rhymes:Spanish/i/1 syllable
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish conjunctions
- Spanish coordinating conjunctions
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish adverbs
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- es:Greek letter names
- Spanish two-letter words
- Swahili terms with audio links
- Swahili verb forms
- Swahili non-lemma forms
- Swedish rebracketings
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Swedish/iː
- Rhymes:Swedish/iː/1 syllable
- Swedish pronouns
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish terms with obsolete senses
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish colloquialisms
- Swedish formal terms
- Swedish derogatory terms
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tagalog terms with audio links
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog prepositions
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog conjunctions
- Tagalog adverbs
- Tokelauan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian
- Tokelauan articles
- Tokelauan lemmas
- Tokelauan particles
- Unami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Unami pronouns
- Unami lemmas
- Ura (Vanuatu) terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ura (Vanuatu) nouns
- Ura (Vanuatu) lemmas
- Uzbek lemmas
- Uzbek particles
- Uzbek terms with usage examples
- Veps terms derived from Russian
- Veps terms borrowed from Russian
- Veps determiners
- Veps lemmas
- Veps conjunctions
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese determiners
- Central Vietnamese
- Vietnamese adverbs
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/iː
- Rhymes:Welsh/iː/1 syllable
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh pronouns
- Welsh personal pronouns
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh adverbs
- West Makian terms with IPA pronunciation
- West Makian lemmas
- West Makian pronouns
- Yil nouns
- Yil lemmas
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba nouns
- yo:Latin letter names
- Yoruba verbs
- Yoruba transitive verbs
- Yoruba prepositions
- Yoruba intransitive verbs
- Zou terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin
- Zou terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin
- Zou terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Zou terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Zou terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zou nouns
- Zou lemmas
- Zou numerals
- Zou cardinal numbers
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu adjectives
- Zulu adjectives with tone H
- Zulu non-lemma forms
- Zulu pronoun forms
- Zulu interrogative adjectives