kia

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "kia"

Abenaki[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Cognate to Penobscot kia.

Pronoun[edit]

kia

  1. you, thou (the singular second person pronoun)

References[edit]

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From ki- (interrogative and relative correlative prefix) +‎ -a (correlative suffix of kind).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈkia]
  • Audio:
    (file)
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: ki‧a

Determiner[edit]

kia (accusative singular kian, plural kiaj, accusative plural kiajn)

  1. what kind of, which kind of (the interrogative and relative correlative of kind)
    Mi ne scias kian koloron almeti por la ĉielo.
    I do not know what kind of color to put on for the sky.

Usage notes[edit]

Like other interrogative and relative correlatives, kia can be combined with ajn, the adverbial particle of generality. Kia ajn thus means whatever kind of.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Esperanto correlatives
Interrogative Demonstrative Indefinite Universal Negative
ki- ti- i- ĉi- neni-
Kind of, sort of -a kia tia ia ĉia nenia
Reason -al kial tial ial ĉial nenial
Time -am kiam tiam iam ĉiam neniam
Place -e kie tie ie ĉie nenie
Motion -en kien tien ien ĉien nenien
Manner -el kiel tiel iel ĉiel neniel
Possessive -es kies ties ies ĉies nenies
Demonstrative pronoun -o kio tio io ĉio nenio
Amount -om kiom tiom iom ĉiom neniom
Demonstrative determiner -u kiu tiu iu ĉiu neniu

Hawaiian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Polynesian *tia (compare with Maori tia), from Proto-Oceanic *tiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tihaŋ (compare with Malay tiang).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kia

  1. pillar, post

References[edit]

  • Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kia”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Classical Persian بخیه (baxiya, “stitch, suture”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈkia̯]
  • Hyphenation: kia

Verb[edit]

kia

  1. (archaic) to stitch.
    Synonym: jahit

Further reading[edit]

Inupiaq[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kia

  1. whose
    Kia aglautaa una?
    Whose pencil is this?

Synonyms[edit]

Maori[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Particle[edit]

kia

  1. when; until (used for a future time)
  2. to; that (indicates a purpose, wish or effect) (used if second verb is passive or stative, or if the subject of the subordinate clause is different to the main clause)
    I tonoa rātou kia waiata.
    They were asked to sing.
  3. (let) be (indicates desirability)
    Kia tūpato
    Be careful
  4. specifies an amount
    Kia hia ngā tīkiti māu?
    How many tickets do you need?
  5. not yet
  6. so that
  7. so that ... will not
  8. shouldn't

References[edit]

Penobscot[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Cognate to Abenaki kia.

Pronoun[edit]

kia

  1. you, thou (the singular second person pronoun)

References[edit]

  • J. Dyneley Prince (1902) “The Differentiation Between the Penobscot and the Canadian Abenaki Dialects”, in American Anthropologist (in Penobscot), volume 4

Vietnamese[edit]

FWOTD – 24 July 2022

Etymology[edit]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 其 (“that; those”, SV: kì). Related to kìa.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

kia • (箕)

  1. that, over there
  2. other, opposite
    • 2009, Thích Nhất Hạnh, Trái tim của Bụt, NXB Tổng hợp TP. Hồ Chí Minh, page 14:
      Khi ngồi nhìn lên chúng ta nghĩ đó là phía trên, nhìn xuống ta nghĩ đó là phía dưới. Nhưng cùng một lúc đó, đồng loại ta ở phía bên kia địa cầu nhìn sẽ thấy ngược lại.
      When we are seated and look up, we imagine that is above; looking down we imagine that is below. But at the same time, people at the other side of the world will see it the other way around.
  3. (with time expressions) two removed from the present
    ngày kia ― the day after tomorrow
    hôm kia ― the day before yesterday
    năm kia ― two years ago

Usage notes[edit]

  • Kia meaning "that" denotes a place, person or thing far from both the speaker and the person(s) he or she is talking to. Usually both the speaker and the person(s) he or she is talking to can see that place, person or thing and the speaker may be pointing to it.

See also[edit]

Vietnamese demonstratives
Laurence Thompson (1965), Vietnamese Grammar
Unspecified Close to the
speaker or
newly introduced		 Remote,
already identified
PLACE
đ- (first register) 		đâu
‘wherever’ 		đây
‘here’ 		đấy
‘there’
REFERENCE
n- (second register) 		nào
‘whichever’ 		này
‘this’ 		nọ
‘that’
PROPORTION
b- (first register) 		bao
‘to whatever extent’ 		bây
‘to this extent’ 		bấy
‘to that extent’
MANNER
s- (first register)
v- (second register) 		sao
‘however’ 		vầy
‘this way’ 		vậy
‘that way’
Nguyễn Phú Phong (1992), “Vietnamese Demonstratives Revisited”
D•
(Indefinite)		 D1
(Proximal)		 D2
(Medial)		 D3
(Distal)
+NOM(inal) đâu
place-what 		đây
place-this 		đấy
place-that1
±NOM(inal) đó
(place-)that1 		kia
(place-)that2
–NOM(inal) nào
what 		nầy
this 		nấy/ấy
that1 		nọ
that2
Vietnamese demonstratives (alternative version)
Proximal
(*-iː) 		Distal 1
(*-iːʔ) 		Distal 2
(*-əːʔ) 		Distal 3/
Remote
(*-ɔːʔ) 		Interrogative
(rime was a rounded
back vowel)
Place, attributive1
n- 		ni
nì
này 		nấy nớ nọ nào
Place, nominal2
đ- 		đây đí
đấy 		— đó đâu
Manner
r- 		ri
rày 		— rứa — ru
sao3
Extent 14
b- 		bây bấy — — bao
Extent 25
v- 		vầy vậy — — —
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language).
2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”).
3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant).
4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”).
5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”).


Adverb[edit]

kia

  1. over there

Derived terms[edit]

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