ru

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ru"

Translingual[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Most likely from Clipping of English Russian

Symbol[edit]

ru

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Russian.

Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch ruw, from Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, from Old Dutch *rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. See the Dutch entry for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio(file)

Adjective[edit]

ru (attributive ruwe, comparative ruwer, superlative ruuste)

  1. rough
    Synonym: rof

Breton[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ru

  1. red

Chuukese[edit]

Numeral[edit]

ru

  1. two

Related terms[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old French ru, riu, from Vulgar Latin rius, from Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rih₂wós (from *h₃reyh₂- (“to flow; to move, set in motion”) +‎ *-wós).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru m (plural rus)

  1. (archaic) small stream

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Guaraní[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru

  1. father

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ru

  1. Rōmaji transcription of る
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ル

Kabyle[edit]

Verb[edit]

ru

  1. to cry, shed tears

Conjugation[edit]

Malay[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Shortened form of eru, from Proto-Malayic *(h)Aru, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *(h)aru, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *(h)aru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(q)aʀuhu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru (Jawi spelling رو)

  1. Alternative form of eru

Synonyms[edit]

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ru

  1. Nonstandard spelling of rú.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of rǔ.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of rù.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Narua[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru

  1. chicken

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Low German.

Adjective[edit]

ru (masculine and feminine ru, neuter ru or rutt, definite singular and plural ru or rue, comparative ruare, indefinite superlative ruast, definite superlative ruaste)

  1. uneven on the surface
  2. raspy, hoarse

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Sumerian[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ru

  1. Romanization of 𒊒 (ru)

Tarok[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Cognate to Mapeo dɔ́ɔ́ ("fall, fall downwards"), Owere dò ("fall (as rain)").

Verb[edit]

ru

  1. to fall (downwards)

References[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Verb[edit]

ru • (油)

  1. to sing (a baby) to sleep
    hát ru ― to sing a lullaby
    • (Can we date this quote?), Văn Thành Nho (lyrics and music), “Đất nước lời ru [Our Land, a Lullaby]”:
      Ru con, mẹ ru con,
      Tiếng ru cả cuộc đời.
      Ru con lời ru,
      Cất lên từ ngàn đời.
      Lull you, I lull you,
      With the song of a lifetime.
      Lull you, with a lullaby,
      Resonating with eternity.

Etymology 2[edit]

Probably a part of the r-series along with rày, răng, rứa, ri, rằng.

Particle[edit]

ru • (𠱋)

  1. (literary, dated) final particle used for negation or to form rhetorical questions
    Synonyms: sao, đâu, ư
See also[edit]
Vietnamese demonstratives
Laurence Thompson (1965), Vietnamese Grammar
Unspecified Close to the
speaker or
newly introduced		 Remote,
already identified
PLACE
đ- (first register) 		đâu
‘wherever’ 		đây
‘here’ 		đấy
‘there’
REFERENCE
n- (second register) 		nào
‘whichever’ 		này
‘this’ 		nọ
‘that’
PROPORTION
b- (first register) 		bao
‘to whatever extent’ 		bây
‘to this extent’ 		bấy
‘to that extent’
MANNER
s- (first register)
v- (second register) 		sao
‘however’ 		vầy
‘this way’ 		vậy
‘that way’
Nguyễn Phú Phong (1992), “Vietnamese Demonstratives Revisited”
D•
(Indefinite)		 D1
(Proximal)		 D2
(Medial)		 D3
(Distal)
+NOM(inal) đâu
place-what 		đây
place-this 		đấy
place-that1
±NOM(inal) đó
(place-)that1 		kia
(place-)that2
–NOM(inal) nào
what 		nầy
this 		nấy/ấy
that1 		nọ
that2
Vietnamese demonstratives (alternative version)
Proximal
(*-iː) 		Distal 1
(*-iːʔ) 		Distal 2
(*-əːʔ) 		Distal 3/
Remote
(*-ɔːʔ) 		Interrogative
(rime was a rounded
back vowel)
Place, attributive1
n- 		ni
nì
này 		nấy nớ nọ nào
Place, nominal2
đ- 		đây đí
đấy 		— đó đâu
Manner
r- 		ri
rày 		— rứa — ru
sao3
Extent 14
b- 		bây bấy — — bao
Extent 25
v- 		vầy vậy — — —
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language).
2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”).
3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant).
4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”).
5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”).

West Makian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru

  1. neck

References[edit]

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[1], Pacific linguistics

White Hmong[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English roof ("roof").

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ru

  1. roof

References[edit]

  • Ernest E. Heimbach, White Hmong - English Dictionary (1979, SEAP Publications)
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ru&oldid=76097922"