rivus

Latin

Alternative forms

• rīvos (Old Latin)
• rīus (Late Latin)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-

Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH-

Proto-Indo-European *-wós

Proto-Indo-European *h₃riHwós

Proto-Italic *rīwos

Old Latin rīvos

Latin rīvus

Inherited from Old Latin rīvos, from Proto-Italic *rīwos (“stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃riH-wó-s (“whirling”), from the root *h₃reyH- (“to stream, churn”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈriː.wʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈriː.vus]

Noun

rīvus m (genitive rīvī); second declension

1. a small stream (of water); brook, stream, rivulet

   Near-synonyms: flūmen, fluvius, amnis

2. an artificial watercourse; channel, conduit, canal
3. a gutter
4. (figuratively) (of a liquid) a stream

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	rīvus	rīvī
genitive	rīvī	rīvōrum
dative	rīvō	rīvīs
accusative	rīvum	rīvōs
ablative	rīvō	rīvīs
vocative	rīve	rīvī

Derived terms

• dērīvō
• rīvālis
• rīvātim
• rīvifīnālis
• rīvō
• rīvora
• rīvulus
• *rivusculum

Related terms

• irrītō

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: ribu, ⇒ arriu
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: rãu, ⇒ arãu
  • Romanian: râu
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: rivo, rio
  • Neapolitan: rijo
  • Sicilian: rivu, rìu
  • Venetan: rio
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: riu
  • Franco-Provençal: rio
  • French: ru
  • Old Occitan: riu
    • ⇒ Gascon: arriu
    • Occitan: riu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: río
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: rio
    • Fala: ríu
    • Galician: río
    • Portuguese: rio (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: ríu
    • Extremaduran: riu
    • Leonese: ríu
    • Mirandese: riu
  • Old Spanish: rio, ryo
    • Ladino: río / ריאו
    • Spanish: río
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *rīvusculum (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “rivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “rivus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326

Anagrams

• virus