virus

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See also: Virus, vírus, vīrus, vīruss, virüs, and -virus

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus (“poison, slime, venom”). First use in the computer context by David Gerrold in his 1972 book When HARLIE Was One.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (UK, US) enPR: vīʹrəs, IPA(key): /ˈvaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪs/
  • Audio (US)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪɹɪs

Noun[edit]

virus (countable and uncountable, plural viruses or (proscribed) viri or (proscribed) virii)

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Wikispecies has information on:

Wikispecies

The virions that carry the Marburg virus
  1. (archaic) Venom, as produced by a poisonous animal etc.
    • 1890, Aluísio Azevedo, The Slum:
      Brazil, that inferno where every budding flower and every buzzing bluebottle fly bears a lascivious virus.
  2. A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure consisting of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and often causes disease in the host organism.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
    • 2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford 2001, p. 64)
      Viruses are the smallest and most simplified forms of life.
  3. A disease caused by these organisms.
    He caught a virus and had to stay home from school.
  4. (computing) A program which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks, often causing damage to systems and data; also computer virus.

Synonyms[edit]

Hypernyms[edit]

Hyponyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Asturian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus m (plural virus)

  1. virus

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

virus m (plural virus)

  1. virus

Related terms[edit]

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

virus m

  1. virus

Declension[edit]

Declension
singular plural
nominative virus viry, virusy
genitive viru, virusu virů, virusů
dative viru, virusu virům, virusům
accusative virus viry, virusy
vocative vire, viruse viry, virusy
locative viru, virusu virech, virusech
instrumental virem, virusem viry, virusy

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus c or n (singular definite virussen or virusset, plural indefinite virus or virusser or vira, plural definite virussene or virusserne or viraene)

  1. virus

Dutch[edit]

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • audio
    		(file)
  • Hyphenation: vi‧rus

Noun[edit]

virus n (plural virussen, diminutive virusje n)

  1. (microbiology) virus
  2. (computer science) virus

Usage notes[edit]

Like most Latin borrowings, this word kept its original Latin gender (neuter); it is one of the few words ending in -us which is not masculine.

Descendants[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈʋirus/, [ˈʋirus̠], IPA(key): /ˈʋiːrus/, [ˈʋiːrus̠]

Noun[edit]

virus

  1. virus
  2. (computer security) virus

Declension[edit]

Inflection of virus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative virus virukset
genitive viruksen virusten
viruksien
partitive virusta viruksia
illative virukseen viruksiin
singular plural
nominative virus virukset
accusative nom. virus virukset
gen. viruksen
genitive viruksen virusten
viruksien
partitive virusta viruksia
inessive viruksessa viruksissa
elative viruksesta viruksista
illative virukseen viruksiin
adessive viruksella viruksilla
ablative virukselta viruksilta
allative virukselle viruksille
essive viruksena viruksina
translative virukseksi viruksiksi
instructive — viruksin
abessive viruksetta viruksitta
comitative — viruksineen

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

virus m (plural virus)

  1. virus

Further reading[edit]

Galician[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus (“poison, slime, venom”).

Noun[edit]

virus m (plural virus)

  1. virus (pathogen)
  2. computer virus

Interlingua[edit]

Noun[edit]

virus (plural viruses)

  1. virus

Related terms[edit]

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus m

  1. virus

Latin[edit]

Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la

Etymology[edit]

Via rhotacism from Proto-Italic *weisos, from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“fluidity, slime, poison”). Cognates include Sanskrit विष (víṣa), Ancient Greek ἰός (iós), and Tocharian B wase.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

vīrus n sg (genitive vīrī); second declension

  1. slimy liquid, slime
  2. poison, venom

Declension[edit]

Second-declension noun (neuter, nominative/accusative/vocative in -us), singular only.

Case Singular
Nominative vīrus
Genitive vīrī
Dative vīrō
Accusative vīrus
Ablative vīrō
Vocative vīrus
  • There is also the heteroclitic genitive singular vīrus.

Derived terms[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Descendants of virus in other languages

References[edit]

  • virus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • virus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • virus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
    • (ambiguous) many learned men; many scholars: multi viri docti, or multi et ii docti (not multi docti)
    • (ambiguous) to separate (of the woman): repudium remittere viro (Dig. 24. 3)
    • (ambiguous) statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    • (ambiguous) men of rank and dignity: viri clari et honorati (De Sen. 7. 22)
  • virus in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Anagrams[edit]

Northern Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

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Etymology[edit]

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Noun[edit]

virus

  1. virus

Inflection[edit]

Odd, no gradation
Nominative virus
Genitive virusa
Singular Plural
Nominative virus virusat
Accusative virusa virusiid
Genitive virusa virusiid
Illative virusii virusiidda
Locative virusis virusiin
Comitative virusiin virusiiguin
Essive virusin
Possessive forms
Singular Dual Plural
1st person virusan viruseamẹ viruseamẹt
2nd person virusat viruseattẹ viruseattẹt
3rd person virusis viruseaskkạ viruseasẹt

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus n (definite singular viruset, indefinite plural virus, definite plural virusa or virusene)

  1. a virus
  2. a computer virus (see datavirus)

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus n (definite singular viruset, indefinite plural virus, definite plural virusa)

  1. a virus
  2. a computer virus (see datavirus)

References[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French virus, Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus n (plural virusuri)

  1. virus

Declension[edit]

declension of virus
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) virus virusul (niște) virusuri virusurile
genitive/dative (unui) virus virusului (unor) virusuri virusurilor
vocative virusule virusurilor

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Noun[edit]

vírus m (Cyrillic spelling ви́рус)

  1. (medicine) virus (DNA/RNA causing disease)
  2. (computing) computer virus

Declension[edit]

Declension of virus
singular plural
nominative virus virusi
genitive virusa virusa
dative virusu virusima
accusative virus viruse
vocative viruse virusi
locative virusu virusima
instrumental virusom virusima

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus m (plural virus)

  1. virus
  2. computer virus

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin virus.

Noun[edit]

virus n

  1. virus
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