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viral

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: viŕål

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *weizos
Latin vīrusbor.
Middle English virus
English virus
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālislbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English viral

    From virus + -al.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    viral (not comparable)

    1. (virology) Of or relating to a biological virus.
      viral DNA
    2. (virology) Caused by a virus.
      viral infection
    3. (computing) Of the nature of an informatic virus; able to spread copies of itself to other computers.
    4. (advertising and marketing) Spread by word of mouth with minimal intervention, in order to create buzz and interest.
      • 2003, William Gibson, Pattern Recognition (Bigend cycle; book 1), New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, page 85:
        “Efficient way to disseminate information? I don't think.”
        “But it is,” Cayce insists. “The model's viral. ‘Deep niche.’ The venues would be carefully selected—”
      • 2018 November 14, Jesse Hassenger, “Disney Goes Viral with an Ambitious, Overstuffed Wreck-It Ralph Sequel”, in The A.V. Club‎[1], archived from the original on 21 November 2019:
        Still, the movie [Ralph Breaks the Internet] manages to locate some gentle satire in our culture's love-hate relationship with the internet. At one point, Ralph must attain a certain level of viral popularity, assisted by the BuzzFeed-esque content guru Yesss (Taraji P. Henson), and the movie is savvy about how accidental spikes in fame can turn into cynical algorithm manipulation.
    5. (social media) Circulated rapidly and widely from one user to another.
      • 2019 April 10, qntm, “CASE HATE RED”, in There Is No Antimemetics Division, →ISBN, page 135:
        With some minutes to kill, he checks the headlines on his phone. Yet again, something dreadful and new which he doesn't understand is going viral. Today's fad is, you paint a black vertical rectangle on the wall, or on a mirror, or over the top of a picture. And then you chant something.
      • 2021 March 24, Charlie Warzel, quoting Anil Dash, “What Are You Paying for When You Buy a GIF for $25,000?”, in The New York Times‎[2], →ISSN:
        The end game of that is the GoFundMe link posted beneath a viral tweet so they can pay for their health care. Being an influencer sounds fun until it’s ‘keep producing viral content to literally stay alive.’

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    Translations

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    Noun

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    viral (plural virals)

    1. (marketing) A video, image or text spread by "word of mouth" on the internet or by e-mail for humorous, political or marketing purposes.
      • 2002, Nik Lever, Flash Mx Games: ActionScript for Artists, Focal Press, page 411,
        Using the Flash ActiveX control in this way allows you as a developer to create desktop characters, email virals and screensavers.
      • 2003, Dave Chaffey, Total E-Mail Marketing, Elsevier, page 2,
        [M]ost virals are not seen as profiling and data collection exercises, since that would kill the impulse of forwarding to a friend.
      • 2005, Russell Evans, Practical DV Filmmaking, Focal Press, page 289,
        Music company virals are becoming commonplace as costs of promos force labels to reconsider how to target more directly to consumers.

    Anagrams

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    Catalan

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    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    viral m or f (masculine and feminine plural virals)

    1. viral (of or relating to a biologic virus)
      Synonym: víric
    2. viral (caused by a virus)
      Synonym: víric
    3. viral (spread by word of mouth)

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    Further reading

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    French

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    Etymology

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      From virus +‎ -al.

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      Adjective

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      viral (feminine virale, masculine plural viraux, feminine plural virales)

      1. viral (clarification of this definition is needed)

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      Descendants

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      • → Romanian: viral
      • → Turkish: viral

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      Anagrams

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      German

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      Pronunciation

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      viral (strong nominative masculine singular viraler, not comparable)

      1. viral

      Declension

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      Positive forms of viral (uncomparable)
      number & gender singular plural
      masculine feminine neuter
      predicative er ist viral sie ist viral es ist viral sie sind viral
      strong declension
      (without article)       		nominative viraler virale virales virale
      genitive viralen viraler viralen viraler
      dative viralem viraler viralem viralen
      accusative viralen virale virales virale
      weak declension
      (with definite article)       		nominative der virale die virale das virale die viralen
      genitive des viralen der viralen des viralen der viralen
      dative dem viralen der viralen dem viralen den viralen
      accusative den viralen die virale das virale die viralen
      mixed declension
      (with indefinite article)       		nominative ein viraler eine virale ein virales (keine) viralen
      genitive eines viralen einer viralen eines viralen (keiner) viralen
      dative einem viralen einer viralen einem viralen (keinen) viralen
      accusative einen viralen eine virale ein virales (keine) viralen

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      Indonesian

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      Etymology

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      From English viral.

      Pronunciation

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      Adjective

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      viral (comparative lebih viral, superlative paling viral)

      1. viral:
        1. (computing, virology) of or relating to virus; caused by a virus
        2. (advertising, marketing, social media) circulated rapidly and widely from one user to another

      Synonyms

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      • (social media): tular (Standard Malay)

      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      Portuguese

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      Etymology

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      From vír(us) +‎ -al.[1][2] Piecewise doublet of virusal.

      Pronunciation

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      • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
      • Hyphenation: vi‧ral

      Adjective

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      viral m or f (plural virais)

      1. (microbiology) viral (relating to viruses)
      2. (medicine, of a disease) viral (caused by a virus)
      3. (Internet) viral (quickly attaining high popularity through word of mouth)
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      References

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      1. ^ “viral”, in Dicionário Infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
      2. ^ “viral”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

      Further reading

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      Romanian

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      Etymology

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      Etymology tree
      Proto-Italic *weizos
      Latin vīruslbor.
      French virus
      Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
      Proto-Indo-European *-is
      Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
      Proto-Italic *-ālis
      Latin -ālislbor.
      Old French -al
      Middle French -al
      French -al
      French viralbor.
      Romanian viral

        Borrowed from French viral. By surface analysis, vir[us] + -al.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        viral m or n (feminine singular virală, masculine plural virali, feminine/neuter plural virale)

        1. (biology) viral (relating to viruses)
        2. (medicine, of a disease) viral (caused by a virus)
        3. (Internet) viral (quickly attaining high popularity)

        Declension

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        Declension of viral
        singular plural
        masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
        nominative-
        accusative         		indefinite viral virală virali virale
        definite viralul virala viralii viralele
        genitive-
        dative         		indefinite viral virale virali virale
        definite viralului viralei viralilor viralelor

        Synonyms

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        • (relating to viruses, caused by a virus): virotic
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        Spanish

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        Etymology

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        Etymology tree
        Proto-Italic *weizos
        Latin vīruslbor.
        Spanish virus
        Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
        Proto-Indo-European *-is
        Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
        Proto-Italic *-ālis
        Latin -ālis
        Spanish -al
        Spanish viral

          From virus + -al.

          Pronunciation

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          • IPA(key): /biˈɾal/ [biˈɾal]
          • Rhymes: -al
          • Syllabification: vi‧ral

          Adjective

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          viral m or f (masculine and feminine plural virales)

          1. viral (of or relating to a biologic virus)
            Synonym: vírico
          2. viral (caused by a virus)
            Synonym: vírico
          3. viral (spread by word of mouth)

          Derived terms

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          Further reading

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          Turkish

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          Etymology

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          Etymology tree
          Proto-Italic *weizos
          Latin vīruslbor.
          French virus
          Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
          Proto-Indo-European *-is
          Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
          Proto-Italic *-ālis
          Latin -ālislbor.
          Old French -al
          Middle French -al
          French -al
          French viralbor.
          Turkish viral

            Borrowed from French viral.

            Pronunciation

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            • IPA(key): /viˈɾɑl/
            • Hyphenation: vi‧ral

            Adjective

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            viral

            1. viral
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            Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=viral&oldid=93115723"