der

See also: Der, dér, dêr, dër, -der, and der-

English

Alternative forms

• dere

Etymology

Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.

Pronunciation

• (AAVE) IPA^(key): /dɛː(ɹ)/
• Homophone: dare

Adverb

der (not comparable)

1. Nonstandard spelling of there.

Interjection

der

1. Nonstandard spelling of there.

Noun

der (uncountable)

1. Nonstandard spelling of there.

Pronoun

der

1. Nonstandard spelling of there.

Derived terms

• der's

Anagrams

• -red, DRE, ERD, RED, Red, erd, red

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Danish

Alternative forms

• dær (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ar

Adverb

der

1. there (in or at that place)

Pronoun

der

1. (relative) who, whom, which, that

Usage notes

• Only used when the relative pronoun is subject
• Som can be used for all positions (including subject)

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Dutch

Pronunciation

stressed

• IPA^(key): /dɛr/

unstressed

• IPA^(key): /dər/

Etymology 1

Unstressed form of daar (“there”).

Adverb

der

1. there

Synonyms

• daar, ginder, ginds

Antonyms

• hier, her

Etymology 2

Article

der

1. (dated) genitive singular feminine of de; of the.

   geschiedenis der Nederlandsche taal ― history of the Dutch language

2. (dated) genitive plural of de; of the.

   het koninkrijk der Nederlanden ― the kingdom of the Netherlands

3. (dated) dative singular feminine of de.

Usage notes

Only the nominative forms are common in modern usage. Accusative and dative forms are archaic and limited to fixed expressions. Genitive forms, while still productive and regiolectal, are not part of the standardized varieties and mainly reserved for poetic and literary language. They are also found as part of surnames.

Inflection

Dutch definite article

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	de	de	het	de
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	den	der	den	den
Accusative	den	de	het	de

Anagrams

• red

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French

Etymology

Apocope of dernier

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɛʁ/

Noun

der m, f (plural ders)

1. last

   la der des ders - the war that ends all wars (referring to the First World War; literally means the last of the lasts or the very last one)

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Galician

Verb

der

1. first-person singular future subjunctive of dar
2. third-person singular future subjunctive of dar

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German

Etymology

From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English þē where the same process occurred.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deːr/
• IPA^(key): [deːɐ̯] (stressed)
• IPA^(key): [dɛɐ̯], [dɐ] (unstressed)
• IPA^(key): [də] (unstressed, some dialects, feminine article only)

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eːɐ̯
• In colloquial speech in Germany, the /d/ can assimilate to a preceding coronal when the word is unstressed.

Article

der (definite)

1. the; definite article for several declensions:
   1. Nominative singular masculine
   2. Genitive singular feminine
   3. Dative singular feminine
   4. Genitive plural for all genders.

Declension

German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	das	die
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	dem	der	dem	den
Accusative	den	die	das	die

Old Declension

German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	das (older also: daß)	die
Genitive	des (older also: deß)	der	des (older also: deß)	deren or derer, also der
Dative	dem	der	dem	denen, also den
Accusative	den	die	das (older also: daß)	die

This older declension is nowadays not used anymore.
For examples see Citations:der.

Derived terms

• derselbe
• desweiteren

Pronoun

der m (relative)

1. who; that; which

   Ich kenne einen Mann, der das kann. ― I know a man who can do that.

Usage notes

In a subordinate clause, indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. Used with masculine singular referents.

Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren younger also: derer	dessen	derer deren
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

• By modern grammar works it is said that derer and deren can both be used without difference.
• Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

Pronoun

der (demonstrative)

1. (attributive, stressed) that

   Der Mann war es! ― It was that man!

2. (indicative) him, he

   Der hat es getan! ― It was him who did it!

3. (differential) the one, him

   Der mit dem Mantel ― The one with the coat

Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren younger also: derer	dessen	derer deren
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

• By modern grammar works it is said that derer is used cataphoric, while deren is used anaphoric.
• Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /der/, [dɛr]

Verb

der

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of dō

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Limburgish

Adverb

der

1. there

Synonyms

• dao

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Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deʀ/, [dɐ]

Etymology 1

Determiner

der f

1. unstressed form of där

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nom./acc.	deen (den)	déi (d')	dat (d')	déi (d')
dative	deem (dem)	där (der)	deem (dem)	deen (den)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

der

1. unstressed form of dir

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular	ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	mech
2nd person singular (informal)	du	de	dech	—	dir	der	dech
2nd person singular (formal)	Dir	—	Iech	—	Iech	—	Iech
3rd person singular (m)	hien	en	en	—	him	em	sech
3rd person singular (f)	si / hatt	se / et	si / hatt	se / et	hir / him	— / em	sech
3rd person singular (n)	et	't	et	't	him	em	sech
1st person plural	mir	mer	eis / ons	—	eis / ons	—	eis / ons
2nd person plural	dir	der	iech	—	iech	—	iech
3rd person plural	si	—	si	—	hinnen	–	sech

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Middle Dutch

Article

der

1. inflection of die:
   1. feminine genitive and dative singular
   2. genitive plural

Adverb

der

1. unstressed form of dāer

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse þar.

Adverb

der

1. there

Derived terms

• deretter
• dermed
• derved

References

• “der” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse þar. Akin to English there.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæːr/, /deːr/

Adverb

der

1. there

Derived terms

• dermed

References

• “der” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German der.

Article

der m (definite)

1. the

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ʁ)/

Verb

der

1. first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of dar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of dar

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Swedish

Adverb

der

1. Obsolete spelling of där

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Turkish

Verb

der

1. third-person singular present simple indicative positive of demek

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West Frisian

Pronoun

der

1. there (used with wêze and some other verbs)
   • Der binne trije Fryske talen -- There are three Frisian languages.

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Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þær, from Proto-Germanic *þar. Akin to English there.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deːr/

  Rhymes: -éːr

Adverb

der

1. right there

2. there, at the end of a journey

Antonyms

• hjär

Related terms

• dänna

Etymology 2

Unstressed doublet of the previous word.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɛr(ː)/, /der(ː)/

Pronoun

der

1. where

   Han no int der ’n jär

   He suffers no shortage where he is staying.

Adverb

der

1. farther

   derr överåm

   farther up

Preposition

der

1. (with i) in (that place)
2. (with åm) in the vicinity of

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Wolof

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

der (definite form der wi)

1. skin