ich
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]ich
See also
[edit]English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). See also ch-, I.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (personal, obsolete) I.
- 1529, John Skelton, Elynour Rummyng:
- "Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"
- 1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:
- My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]
- 1568, Thomas Howell, Arbor of Amitie:
- With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.
- 1578, George Whetstone, The right, excellent and famous Historye of Promos and Cassandra:
- Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.
- 1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:
- Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.
- [1706, Edward Phillips, compiler, J[ohn] K[ersey the younger], “Ich”, in The New World of Words: Or, Universal English Dictionary. […], 6th edition, London: […] J. Phillips, […]; N. Rhodes, […]; and J. Taylor, […], →OCLC, column 2:
- Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Weſtern Parts of England.]
Usage notes
[edit]Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use until the middle of the 19th century.
The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- chinny reckon
- ich-laut (from the German cognate)
Etymology 2
[edit]Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ich (uncountable)
- (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Alemannic German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)) IPA(key): /iʃ/, /eʃ/, /iː/ (i is the unstressed pronoun, used after the verb, as in hiit hàw i dìs g'màcht (today I have done this), but it is always ìch before the verb, never i)
- (Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)) IPA(key): /ix/, /ex/, /iː/ (unstressed)
- (Zürich) IPA(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA(key): [ɪːx] (stressed)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | possessive m | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich, i | mich, mi | mir, mier, mer | min, miin | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich, di | dir, dier, der | din, diin |
polite | Si | Ine, Ene, -ne | Ire | ||
3rd person singular | m | er | in, en | im | sin, siin |
f | si | ire | |||
n | es, 's, -s | im | sin, siin | ||
1st person plural | mir, mer | üs, öis, ois, eus | üse, öise, oise, euse | ||
2nd person plural | ir, ier | öi, eu | öie, eure | ||
3rd person plural | si | ine, ene, -ne | ire |
Central Franconian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
- ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)
Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *īh with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /iɕ/, [iɕ]
- The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun
- Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.
- That’s I (or: me) in this photo.
Declension
[edit]Ripuarian (regional forms: Aachen [A], Cologne [C]; reduced or unstressed forms: red.):
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | ich | du do; Do [C] de (red.) |
hä e (red.) |
sei, sie se (red.) |
it het [A] et, 't, -'t (red.) |
Dative | mir meer [C] mer (red.) [A] = acc. |
dir deer; Deer [C] der (red.) [A] = acc. |
im höm [A] em (red.) |
ihr ehr [C] hör [A] (or = nom.) er (red.) |
im höm [A] (or = nom.) em (red.) |
Accusative | mich | dich; Dich | in en (red.) [A] = dat. |
= nom. [A] = nom. or dat. |
= nom. |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | mir meer [C] mer (red.) vir [A], ver (red.) |
ühr ehr; Ehr [C] er (red.) |
sei, sie se (red.) | ||
Dative | us, uns os, ons [A] |
üch; Üch | inne hön, hönne [A] (or = nom.) en (red.) | ||
Accusative | = dat. | = dat. | = nom. |
In other dialects:
- ät (“it”) (Düren)
Cimbrian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Inflection
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | miar | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich | diar |
polite | iart | ach | òich | |
3rd person singular | m | èar, ar | in, en | iime |
f | zi, ze | iar | ||
n | es, is | es, 's | iime | |
1st person plural | bar, bandare |
zich | izàndarn | |
2nd person plural | iart, iartàndare, artàndare |
òich, ach | ogàndarn | |
3rd person plural | ze, zòi, zandare |
zich | innàndarn |
References
[edit]- “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
- 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Sette Comuni / Siben Komoinen: Le nostre parole – D’ögnar börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
- 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole – Ünsarne börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Crimean Gothic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- I
- 1589, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, letter:
- Ich malthata. Ego dico.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
East Central German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | ihch; ich | du; de Du; De |
er; a' är; a |
sie, se, -'sche (after r), s', s'- | es; 's, -'s, -s (less common), -'sch (after r), -sch (after r, less common) |
Dative | mir; mer | dir; der Dir (especially after prepositions and at the beginning of a sentence/clause); Der |
ihm; i'm, im | ihr; i'r, ir | [Term?] |
Accusative | mihch; mich | dihch; dich Dihch; Dich |
ihn; i'n | sie, se, -'sche (after r) | es; 's, -'s, -s (less common), -'sch (after r), -sch (after r, less common) |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | bir (bier); ber | ihr; i'r | sie, se, s', s'- | ||
Dative | uns, üns üns |
euch | ihn'n; i'n'n, i'n | ||
Accusative | uns, üns üns |
euch | se |
- sie/se and es can be contracted into s'e's (= SHG: sie es)
See also
[edit]other personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns:
- mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
- dei; Dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
- ihr (3rd ps. sg. fem. possessive pronoun)
- unser, ünser / ünser (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
- Ihr; Euch (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.)
- Sie; Ihn'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.)
- sihch, sich / sich (reflexive pronoun)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]Gebirgsschlesisch:
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | iech; ich | du; de Du; |
a | sie, se | es; -'s, -s (merged with a preceding s into ß as in iß (SHG: ist es) from is, biß (SHG: bis es) from bis), -sch (after r) |
Dative | mir; merr, mer | dir; derr, der Dir; |
ihm | ihr | |
Accusative | miech; mich | diech; dich Diech; |
ihn; | se | es; -'s, -s (merged with a preceding s into ß as in iß (SHG: ist es) from is, biß (SHG: bis es) from bis), -sch (after r) |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | mirr, mir; merr, mer | ihr | sie, se | ||
Dative | ins | euch | a | ||
Accusative | ins | euch | se |
Additionally there are:
- sa (= SHG: sie ihn)
- sa (= SHG: es ihnen)
- marn (= SHG: wir ihn)
- mida (= SHG: mit ihnen; from mit (“with”))
Also:
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | iech; ich | du; de Du; De |
är; a | sie, se | es; 's, -'s, -'sch (after r) |
Dative | mir; mer | dir; der Dir; Der |
ihm; i'm | ihr; i'r | |
Accusative | miech; mich | diech; Diech; |
i'n | se | es; 's, -'s, -'sch (after r) |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | bier; ber | sie, se | |||
Dative | üns (uns) | (euch) | |||
Accusative | üns (uns) | (euch) | se |
Additionally there are:
- Ihr, I'r; Eich (Euch) (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg. or pl.)
- Sie, Se; I'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg.)
Notes:
- The forms uns, euch, Euch are rare, and could arguably be mistakes or misprints influenced by SHG uns, euch.
See also
[edit]possessive and reflexive pronouns - Gebirgsschlesisch:
- mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
- dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
- insa (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
- siech (reflexive pronoun)
possessive and reflexive pronouns - also:
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]other personal and possessive pronouns:
- mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
- du, de; dir, der; dich; dei (2nd ps. sg.)
- a; ihm; ihn (3rd ps. sg. m.)
- -'s, -s, -'sch (after r as in mer'sch) (3rd ps. sg. n.)
- sei (3rd ps. sg. m. & n. possessive pronoun)
- se (3rd ps. sg. f.)
- ihr (3rd ps. sg. f. possessive pronoun)
- mer; ins; ins; inser (1st ps. pl.)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (Obererzgebirge, Salzungen, Ruhla) I
Declension
[edit]Obererzgebirge:
Salzungen:
Ruhla:
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | ich | dåu, de | hä̂, ä, e | sü̂, se | es |
Genitive | s'n | ||||
Dative | mäi, me | däi, de | ü̂n, ün, en | ü̂r, er | ü̂n, ün, en |
Accusative | mich | dich | ü̂n, ün, en | sü̂, se | es |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | mäi, me | å̈ü | sü̂, se | ||
Genitive | onser | å̈ürer | ürner, örner, er | ||
Dative | ons | ü̂ch, üch | ün, en | ||
Accusative | ons | ü̂ch, üch | sü̂, se |
Alternative forms
[edit]References
[edit]- Die Ruhlaer Mundart dargestellt von Karl Regel. Weimar, Hermann Boehlau. 1868
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (Oberlausitz, Altenburg, Mansfeld, Niederlausitz) I
Declension
[edit]Oberlausitz, Altenburg:
Mansfeld:
Niederlausitz:
- Nominative: ich; -'ich (as in hua-'ich = SHG habe ich), -ich (as in hua-ich = SHG habe ich)
- Dative: merr
- Accusative: merr
See also
[edit]- du (2nd ps. sg.)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (Nord-Thüringisch, Wasungen, Erzgebirgisch) I
Declension
[edit]Erzgebirge:
Nord-Thüringisch:
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | iche, ich; | duu; de | hee; he | sie; se | es; 's |
Dative | mich; me | dich; | een; 'n | eer; er | ; 'n |
Accusative | mich; me | dich; | een; 'n | sie; se | es; 's |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | mie; me | die; de | sie; se | ||
Dative | uns; | uch; | ; 'n | ||
Accusative | uns; | uch; | sie; se |
- Separated by semicolon are: strong/normal form ; weak/enclitic form
Wasungen:
1st Person Singular | 2nd Person Singular | 3rd Person Singular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Nominative | īch, ich | dūe, du, də | hǟ, hä, ə | sǖə, sü, sə | äs, əs, s |
Genitive | is usually paraphrased | sən | ər, ərə | sən | |
Dative | mīə, mə | dīə, də | ün, ən | ǖər, ər | ün, ən |
Accusative | mīch, mich | dīch, dich | ün, ən | sǖə, sü, sə | äs, əs, s |
1st Person Plural | 2rd Person Plural | 3rd Person Plural | |||
Nominative | mīə, mi, mə | ǖə, ü, ə | sǖə, sü, sə | ||
Genitive | is always paraphrased | ər, ərə | |||
Dative | ons, also onz | æ̊üch, ı̣ch | ün, ən | ||
Accusative | ons, also onz | æ̊üch, ı̣ch | sǖə, sü, sə |
See also
[edit]Erzgebirge:
Nord-Thüringisch:
- sich (reflexive pronoun)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Idioticon der nord-thüringischen Mundart. – Den Bürgern Nordhausens gewidmet von Dr. Martin Schultze. Nordhausen. Verlag von Ferd. Förstemann. 1874
- Schriften des Vereins für Sachsen-Meiningische Geschichte und Landeskunde. 71. Heft. Inhalt: Die Wasunger Mundart, 2. Teil. Von Kirchenrat Edinhard Reichardt in Meiningen. Hildburghausen. F. W. Gadow & Sohn, Herzogliche Hofbuchdruckerei. 1914
- Marek Dolatowski (2015) “Pochodzenie etnolektu hałcnowskiego w świetle fonetyki i fonologii historycznej”, in Badania diachroniczne w Polsce (in Polish)
- Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słownictwo hałcnowskie jako odbicie historii etnolektu i historii wsi”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)
- Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słowniczek polsko-hałcnowski”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)
East Franconian
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- Ich (royal)
Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | singular and plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 2nd person polite/formal | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du -e2 |
er | sie -se2 |
es | wir | ihr | sie -se2 |
Sie Ihr3 |
genitive | meiner mein3 |
deiner dein3 |
seiner sein3 |
ihrer | seiner sein3 |
unser | euer | ihrer | Ihrer Euer3 |
dative | mir | dir | ihm | ihr | ihm | uns | euch | ihnen | Ihnen Euch3 |
accusative | mich | dich | ihn | sie -se2 |
es | uns | euch | sie -se2 |
Sie Euch3 |
1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters. 2enclitic, colloquial 3archaic
In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even there. They may be used:
- for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
- with certain adjectives or prepositions that govern the genitive, such as statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).
Derived terms
[edit]- Ich n
- lyrisches Ich n
Further reading
[edit]Hunsrik
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- I
- Ich sin en Fraa.
- I am a woman.
- Ich komme fun de Fabrick.
- I'm coming from the factory.
Inflection
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Further reading
[edit]- Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “ich”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 80
Hutterisch
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
Jakaltek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Mayan *iihk.
Noun
[edit]ich
References
[edit]- Church, Clarence, Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano[1] (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18; 24
Limburgish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (most dialects) IPA(key): [ɪx]
- (Maastrichtian) IPA(key): [ix]
Pronoun
[edit]ich (personal)
Inflection
[edit]Singular | Dual[* 1] | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ich, 'ch | weet | weer, veer, v'r |
genitive[* 2] | miener, miens | ózzer | ózzer |
locative[* 3] | miches | ózzes | ózzes |
dative[* 4] | mir | ós | ós |
accusative | mich | ós | ós |
Luo
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ich
Middle English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- Alternative form of I
Usage notes
[edit]- Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.
Etymology 2
[edit]Determiner
[edit]ich
- Alternative form of ech
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- Alternative form of ech
Middle High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old High German ih.
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (personal) I
Inflection
[edit]Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusative |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | ich | mīn | mir | mich | |
Second | du, dū | dīn | dir | dich | ||
Third | Masculine | ër CG hë(r) |
sīn | im(e) | in | |
Feminine | siu | ir(e) | ir(e) | sie | ||
Neuter | ëȥ CG iȥ, it |
es | im(e) | ëȥ CG iȥ, it | ||
Plural | First | wir | unser | uns | uns, unsich | |
Second | ir | iuwer | iu, iuch | iuch | ||
Third | Masculine | sie | ir(e) | in | sie | |
Feminine | ||||||
Neuter | siu | siu | ||||
The distinction of the forms siu and sie as shown above is typical of earlier Upper German texts, but was never general. The forms sī and si existed additionally and all four were increasingly used without differentiation. |
Descendants
[edit]- Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
- Bavarian: i
- Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
- East Central German:
- East Franconian: i, iech
- German: ich
- Luxembourgish: ech
- Rhine Franconian:
- Vilamovian: ych
- Yiddish: איך (ikh), ich
References
[edit]- ^ Schmutz, Christian; Haas, Walter. (2004). Senslerdeutsches Wörterbuch. 2nd edition, Freiburg: Paulusverlag.
- ^ Altenhofen, Cléo Vilson. (1996). Hunsrückisch in Rio Grande do Sul: Ein Beitrag zur Beschreibung einer deutschbrasilianischen Dialektvarietät im Kontakt mit dem Portugiesischen. (Mainzer Studien zur Sprach- und Volksforschung 21.) Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
- ^ "ich". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
- ^ Online-Wörterbuch der Akademie för uns kölsche Sproch, Stichwort »ich« (URL).
- ^ Kelz, Heinrich P. (1971). Phonologische Analyse des Pennsylvaniadeutschen. Hamburg: Buske.
Pennsylvania German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.
Pronoun
[edit]ich
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jixъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *eiša, from Proto-Indo-European *éysom.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich (indeclinable)
- possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs
Pronoun
[edit]ich
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- ich in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ich in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Rhine Franconian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (Kassel) I
See also
[edit]Slovak
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich (indeclinable)
Pronoun
[edit]ich
- genitive/accusative of oni and ony
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ich”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Swabian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- (possibly less common) I
- 1863, Jakob Friedrich Schmidt, Gedichte in schwäbischer Mundart von J. F. Schmidt:
- p. 16:
- Daß iar aber it moinet, i dä gar nix dett doba, so habe ich nothwendig Euch zu sagen, daß dau Arbet gnug geit, [...]
- Ich habe zwar nicht nothwendig Euch zu sagen, warum i net mitturna dua, abr [...]
- P 30:
- „Herr Fürst,“ haut do der Pfortner gsait,
„Ich habs verstekt da nei,
Denn da kommt ebn die ganze Zeit
Kei eiz'ger Mensch nich rei!“
- „Herr Fürst,“ haut do der Pfortner gsait,
- P 46:
- Darum will ich ihm iatz deuta,
Daß mir ganz mit Heaz und Händ
Alles Loid und alle Freuda
Redlich mit ihm thoila wend.
- Darum will ich ihm iatz deuta,
- p. 16:
Declension
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Sathmar Swabian: i
See also
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- dative and accusative of ihr (“you (plural)”)
Transylvanian Saxon
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
Volga German
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
Yola
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Compare obsolete English ich.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- I
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 79:
- Ich woul ich had.
- I wish I had.
- 1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:
- A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)
- The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)
- 1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 5-6:
- If ich hadh Peeougheen a Buch, Meyleare a Slut, Peedher Ghiel-laaune, an Jackeen Bugaaune,
- If I had Hugh the Buck, Meyler the Sloven, Peter the Smart Man, and John Boggan,
Synonyms
[edit]- 'ch- (clitic)
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 47
Yucatec Maya
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Mayan *Haty.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ich (plural ichoʼob)
References
[edit]- Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 164: “Ich ssssss s ssss Ojo.”
- Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, page 59
Zipser German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ich
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-3
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
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- English 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:English/iːtʃ
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- English terms with homophones
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- en:Ichthyology
- English three-letter words
- en:Alveolates
- Alemannic German terms inherited from Middle High German
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- Central Franconian terms inherited from Middle High German
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- Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- Silesian East Central German
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- Alzenau dialect
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- German terms inherited from Middle High German
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- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
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- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- German 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:German/ɪç
- Rhymes:German/ɪç/1 syllable
- German lemmas
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- German personal pronouns
- German first person pronouns
- Hunsrik terms derived from Middle High German
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- Hunsrik terms derived from Old High German
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Hunsrik terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Hunsrik terms derived from Proto-Germanic
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- Limburgish terms derived from Old High German
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- Polish 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/ix
- Rhymes:Polish/ix/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
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- Rhine Franconian lemmas
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- Swabian lemmas
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- Transylvanian Saxon lemmas
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- Yola terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Yola terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Yola terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Yola terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Yola terms inherited from Middle English
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- Yola terms inherited from Old English
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- Yola terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Yola terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Yucatec Maya terms inherited from Proto-Mayan
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- Yucatec Maya lemmas
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- yua:Body parts
- Zipser German lemmas
- Zipser German pronouns