bar

See also: Bar and Appendix:Variations of "bar"

English

㍴ U+3374, ㍴ SQUARE BAR ← ㍳ [U+3373] CJK Compatibility ㍵ → [U+3375]

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /bɑː/
• (US) enPR: bär, IPA^(key): /bɑɹ/, [bɑɹ], [bɑ˞]

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
• Homophones: baa, bah (in some pronunciations)

Etymology 1

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Doublet of barre. Perhaps from Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”). If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”) and бор (bor), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”). May well have been reinforced by existing Old English term from the same root.

Noun

bar (countable and uncountable, plural bars)

Two steel bars.

1. A solid, more or less rigid object of metal or wood with a uniform cross-section smaller than its length.

   The window was protected by steel bars.

2. (countable, uncountable, metallurgy) A solid metal object with uniform (round, square, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular) cross-section; in the US its smallest dimension is ¹⁄₄ inch or greater, a piece of thinner material being called a strip.

   Ancient Sparta used iron bars instead of handy coins in more valuable alloy, to physically discourage the use of money.

   We are expecting a carload of bar tomorrow.

3. A cuboid piece of any solid commodity.

   bar of chocolate

   bar of soap

4. A broad shaft, or band, or stripe.

   a bar of light

   a bar of colour

5. A long, narrow drawn or printed rectangle, cuboid or cylinder, especially as used in a bar code or a bar chart.
6. (typography) Any of various lines used as punctuation or diacritics, such as the pipe ⟨|⟩, fraction bar (as in 12), and strikethrough (as in Ⱥ), formerly (obsolete) including oblique marks such as the slash.

   Hyponyms: pipe, strikethrough

7. (mathematics) The sign indicating that the characteristic of a logarithm is negative, conventionally placed above the digit(s) to show that it applies to the characteristic only and not to the mantissa.
8. (physics) A similar sign indicating that the charge on a particle is negative (and that consequently the particle is in fact an antiparticle).
10. A business licensed to sell alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises, or the premises themselves; public house.

    Synonyms: barroom, ginshop, pub (British), public house, tavern; see also Thesaurus:pub

    The street was lined with all-night bars.

12. The counter of such premises.

    Step up to the bar and order a drink.

13. A counter, or simply a cabinet, from which alcoholic drinks are served in a private house or a hotel room.
14. (by extension, in combinations such as coffee bar, juice bar etc.) Premises or a counter serving any type of beverage.
15. An establishment where alcohol and sometimes other refreshments are served.
16. An informal establishment selling food to be consumed on the premises.

    a burger bar

    a local fish bar

17. An establishment offering cosmetic services.

    a nail bar; a brow bar

18. An official order or pronouncement that prohibits some activity.

    Synonyms: ban, prohibition

    The club has lifted its bar on women members.

19. Anything that obstructs, hinders, or prevents; an obstruction; a barrier.
    • (Can we date this quote by Dryden and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)

      Must I new bars to my own joy create?

    • 2013, Terence Dillon, A Long Way Home (page 184)

      Mr Harding could look back on his initial judgement of Paul's talent with great satisfaction while Paul could reflect that to be Irish was not necessarily a bar to progress.

20. (programming, whimsical, derived from fubar) A metasyntactic variable representing an unspecified entity, often the second in a series, following foo.

    Suppose we have two objects, foo and bar.

21. (Britain, Parliament) A dividing line (physical or notional) in the chamber of a legislature beyond which only members and officials may pass.
22. (Britain, law) The railing surrounding the part of a courtroom in which the judges, lawyers, defendants and witnesses stay
23. (US, law) "the Bar" or "the bar" The bar exam, the legal licensing exam.

    He's studying hard to pass the Bar this time; he's failed it twice before.

24. (law, metonymically, "the Bar", "the bar") Collectively, lawyers or the legal profession; specifically applied to barristers in some countries but including all lawyers in others.

    He was called to the bar, he became a barrister.

25. (telecommunications, electronics) One of an array of bar-shaped symbols that display the level of something, such as wireless signal strength or battery life remaining.

    I don't have any bars in the middle of this desert.

26. (music) A vertical line across a musical staff dividing written music into sections, typically of equal durational value.

    Synonym: measure

27. (music) One of those musical sections.
28. (sports) A horizontal pole that must be crossed in high jump and pole vault
29. (figuratively) Any level of achievement regarded as a challenge to be overcome.
30. (soccer, most codes) The crossbar.
    • 2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC‎^[1]:

      Composed play then saw Sam Ricketts nutmeg Ashley Cole before Taylor whipped a fine curling effort over Petr Cech's bar.

31. (backgammon) The central divider between the inner and outer table of a backgammon board, where stones are placed if they are hit.
32. An addition to a military medal, on account of a subsequent act
33. A linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water.
34. (geography, nautical, hydrology) A ridge or succession of ridges of sand or other substance, especially a formation extending across the mouth of a river or harbor or off a beach, and which may obstruct navigation. (FM 55-501).
35. (heraldry) One of the ordinaries in heraldry; a fess.
36. A city gate, in some British place names.

    Potter's Bar

37. (mining) A drilling or tamping rod.
38. (mining) A vein or dike crossing a lode.
39. (architecture) A gatehouse of a castle or fortified town.
40. (farriery) The part of the crust of a horse's hoof which is bent inwards towards the frog at the heel on each side, and extends into the centre of the sole.
41. (farriery, in the plural) The space between the tusks and grinders in the upper jaw of a horse, in which the bit is placed.

Derived terms

Terms derived from bar (noun)

• admitted to the bar
• anti-roll bar
• at the bar
• bar billiards
• bar chart
• bar code
• Bar Council
• barfly
• barful
• bar graph
• bar iron
• barkeep
• barkeeper
• barline
• bar lunch
• bar magnet
• barmaid
• barman
• bar meal
• bar of chocolate
• bar of soap
• bar parlour
• barperson
• barring
• barrister
• bar room
• bar sinister
• bar steward
• bartender
• bar wood
• bastard bar
• behind bars
• behind the bar
• belly up to the bar
• bus bar
• buttery bar
• called to the bar
• called within the bar
• cash bar
• chinning bar
• chocolate bar
• coffee bar
• colour bar
• crowbar
• crush bar
• debar
• disbar, disbarment
• double bar
• dragbar
• drawbar
• eight-bar blues
• embar
• fire bar
• five bar
• full bar
• gay bar
• glazing bar
• handlebar
• horizontal bar
• hosted bar
• inner bar
• juice bar
• kangaroo bar
• karaoke bar
• Leeming Bar
• lounge bar
• luncheon bar
• milk bar
• minibar
• no host bar
• open bar
• outer bar
• parallel bars
• Potters Bar
• public bar
• raise the bar
• rebar
• rollbar
• roo bar
• saddle bar
• saloon bar
• sandbar
• sidebar
• singles bar
• snack bar
• space bar
• splinter bar
• T-bar
• toll bar
• tommy bar
• toolbar
• torsion bar
• towbar
• twelve-bar blues
• unbar
• wet bar
• window bar
• wine bar
• wire bar

 

Translations

See bar/translations § Etymology 1

Descendants

• Arabic: بَار‎ m (bār)
• Armenian: բար (bar)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 吧 (bā)

• Danish: bar c
• Dutch: bar m
• Georgian: ბარი (bari)
• German: Bar f
• Greek: μπαρ n (bar)
• Hungarian: bár
• Icelandic: bar m
• Irish: beár m
• Italian: bar m
• Japanese: バー (bā)
• Korean: 바 (ba)
• Polish: bar m
• Portuguese: bar
• Russian: бар m (bar)
• Serbo-Croatian: бар m, bar m
• Spanish: bar m
• Swedish: bar c
• Thai: บาร์ (baa)

References

• The Manual of Heraldry, Fifth Edition, by Anonymous, London, 1862, online at [2]

See also

• (heraldry): Ordinary on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English barren, from Old French barrer, from Medieval Latin barrare (“to bar”), from the noun. Cognate Occitan barrar, Spanish barrar, Portuguese barrar.

Preposition properly imperative of the verb. Compare barring.

Verb

bar (third-person singular simple present bars, present participle barring, simple past and past participle barred)

1. (transitive) To obstruct the passage of (someone or something).
   • 1906, Alfred Noyes, The Highwayman:

     "One kiss, my bonny sweetheart, I'm after a prize to-night,
     But I shall be back with the yellow gold before the morning light;
     Yet, if they press me sharply, and harry me through the day,
     Then look for me by moonlight,
     Watch for me by moonlight,
     I'll come to thee by moonlight, though Hell should bar the way."

   Our way was barred by a huge rockfall.

2. (transitive) To prohibit.

   I couldn't get into the nightclub because I had been barred.

3. (transitive) To lock or bolt with a bar.

   bar the door

4. To imprint or paint with bars, to stripe.
   • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], OCLC 1042815524, part I:

     I lived in a hut in the yard, but to be out of the chaos I would sometimes get into the accountant’s office. It was built of horizontal planks, and so badly put together that, as he bent over his high desk, he was barred from neck to heels with narrow strips of sunlight.

Synonyms

• (obstruct): block, hinder, obstruct
• (prohibit): ban, interdict, prohibit
• (lock or bolt with a bar):
• See also Thesaurus:hinder

Derived terms

• outbar
• unbar

Translations

See bar/translations § Verb

Preposition

bar

1. Except, other than, besides.

   He invited everyone to his wedding bar his ex-wife.

   • 2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62:

     These see the overhead wires installed on all bar the slow lines between Bedford and Wellingborough by next May, with the remaining section completed by August, when the full programme is due to be completed.

2. (horse racing) Denotes the minimum odds offered on other horses not mentioned by name.

   Leg At Each Corner is at 3/1, Lost My Shirt 5/1, and it's 10/1 bar.

Synonyms

• (except): apart from, barring, except for, excluding, other than, save; see also Thesaurus:except

Derived terms

• bar none
• all over bar the shouting

Translations

with the exception of — see except

References

• The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1914

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined circa 1900.

Noun

bar (plural bars)

1. A non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals, approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.

Synonyms

• ㍴

Derived terms

• kilobar
• megabar
• millibar

Related terms

• isobar

Translations

See bar/translations § Etymology 3

Further reading

• Bar (unit) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Bar in the 1920 edition of Encyclopedia Americana.

Anagrams

• ABR, ARB, Arb., RBA, Rab, abr., arb, bra

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Afar

Noun

bar

1. night

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Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch bar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɑɾ]

Adjective

bar (attributive barre, comparative barder, superlative barste)

1. barren

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Albanian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *bara, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-, compare Ancient Greek φάρμακον (phármakon, “drug, medicine”), Lithuanian bùrti (“to conjure”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰars- (“spike, prickle”) (compare Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Welsh bara (“bread”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baɾ/

Noun

bar m (indefinite plural barëra, definite singular bari, definite plural barërat)

1. grass
2. (figuratively) tasteless food

Declension

declension of bar

	indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara)			definite forms (trajta të shquara)
	singular (numri njëjës)	plural (numri shumës)		singular (numri njëjës)	plural (numri shumës)
nominative (emërore)	bar	barëra		bari	barërat
accusative (kallëzore)	bar	barëra		barin	barërat
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së)	bari	barërave		barit	barëravet
dative (dhanore)	bari	barërave		barit	barëravet
ablative (rrjedhore)	bari	barërash		barit	barëravet

Etymology 2

Noun

bar m (indefinite plural barna, definite singular bari, definite plural barnat)

1. medicine, medication, medicinal plant
2. (figuratively, colloquial) cure, palliative, solution
3. (figuratively, colloquial) marijuana, likely a calque from English or French

Declension

declension of bar

	indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara)			definite forms (trajta të shquara)
	singular (numri njëjës)	plural (numri shumës)		singular (numri njëjës)	plural (numri shumës)
nominative (emërore)	bar	barna		bari	barnat
accusative (kallëzore)	bar	barna		barin	barnat
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së)	bari	barnave		barit	barnavet
dative (dhanore)	bari	barnave		barit	barnavet
ablative (rrjedhore)	bari	barnash		barit	barnavet

Derived terms

• barna
• barnatore
• barnatar
• barnashitës
• barni
• barngrënës
• barishte
• barishtor
• barishtak

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Catalan

Noun

bar m (plural bars)

1. bar (establishment)
2. bar (unit of measure)

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Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• biar (Luserna)

Etymology

From Middle High German wir, from Old High German wir, from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *wīz. Cognate with German wir, English we.

Pronoun

bar

1. (Sette Comuni) we

   Synonym: bandare

   Bar zeinan bèllase. ― We are Italians.

   Bar zeinda. ― We are here.

   Bar habanze galummet. ― We took them.

Inflection

Cimbrian personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative
1st person singular		ich	mich	miar
2nd person singular	familiar	du	dich	diar
	polite	iart	ach	òich
3rd person singular	m	èar, ar	in, en	iime
	f	zi, ze		iar
	n	es, is	es, 's	iime
1st person plural		bar, bandare	zich	izandarn
2nd person plural		iart, artandare, iart-andare	òich, ach	ogandarn
3rd person plural		ze, zòi, zandare	zich	innandarn

References

• “bar” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bar/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m

1. bar (a business selling beverages)
2. bar (the counter of such a premises)
3. bar (a cabinet used to store alcoholic drinks in a private house or a hotel room)

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	bar	bary
genitive	baru	barů
dative	baru	barům
accusative	bar	bary
vocative	bare	bary
locative	baru	barech
instrumental	barem	bary

Derived terms

• barový m

Related terms

• barman m

Etymology 2

Borrowing from modern European languages, originally coined based on Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m

1. bar, a non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	bar	bary
genitive	baru	barů
dative	baru	barům
accusative	bar	bary
vocative	bare	bary
locative	baru	barech
instrumental	barem	bary

Further reading

• bar in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• bar in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin bibere, present active infinitive of bibō. Compare Italian bere, Romanian bea.

Verb

bar (second-person plural present baite)

1. to drink

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baːr/, [b̥ɑːˀ]
• Rhymes: -aːˀr

Etymology 1

From Old Norse berr (“bare”). Compare Old English bær.

Adjective

bar

1. bare, naked
2. sheer, pure

Inflection

Inflection of bar
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Common singular	bar	—	—2
Neuter singular	bart	—	—2
Plural	bare	—	—2
Definite attributive1	bare	—	—
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms

• min bare røv

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar c (singular definite baren, plural indefinite barer)

1. bar (business licensed to sell intoxicating beverages, counter of such a premises)

Inflection

Declension of bar

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bar	baren	barer	barerne
genitive	bars	barens	barers	barernes

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar c (plural indefinite bar)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

bar

1. past tense of bære

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑr/
• Hyphenation: bar
• Rhymes: -ɑr

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (plural bars, diminutive barretje n)

1. bar, counter, drink cabinet
2. bar, pub

Derived terms

• bardame
• barjuffrouw
• barkeeper
• barkelner
• barkruk
• barman
• barmeid
• barmeisje
• homobar
• hotelbar
• minibar

 

Etymology 2

Cognate with English barren.

Adjective

bar (comparative barder, superlative barst)

1. harsh, tough (used mainly with koude (“cold”), or omstandigheden (“conditions”))
2. barren, inhospitable, bare
3. crude, grim, unfriendly

Inflection

Inflection of bar
uninflected	bar
inflected	barre
comparative	barder
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		bar	barder	het barst het barste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	barre	bardere	barste
	n. sing.	bar	barder	barste
	plural	barre	bardere	barste
definite		barre	bardere	barste
partitive		bars	barders	—

Adverb

bar

1. extremely (only in a negative sense)

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined c. 1900. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

bar

1. bar: a unit of pressure, equal to 100,000 pascals

Derived terms

• kilobar
• megabar
• millibar

Related terms

• isobar

References

• M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

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Faroese

Verb

bar

1. he, it bore, carried:: 1st and 3rd person singular past tense form of bera (“to bear, to carry”)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of bera

v-54
infinitive	bera
present participle	berandi
past participle a26	borin
supine	borið
number	singular			plural
person	first	second	third	all
indicative	eg	tú	hann/hon/tað	vit, tit, teir/tær/tey, tygum
present	beri	bert	ber	bera
past	bar	bart	bar	bóru
imperative	–	tú	–	tit
present	—	ber!	—	berið!

Derived terms

• hetta bar ikki til (“this wasn’t possible”)

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French

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Direct from English? Isn't the fish sense from a different source?”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baʁ/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʁ

Noun

bar m (plural bars)

1. A bar (establishment)
2. A bar (counter)
3. A bass (fish)

Further reading

• “bar” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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Galician

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (plural bares)

1. bar, coffee shop, café, pub (an establishment where refreshments and alcohol drinks are served)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bar and this from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m (plural bares)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

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German

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːɐ̯

Adjective

bar (not comparable)

1. bare

Declension

Declension of bar

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist bar	sie ist bar	es ist bar	sie sind bar
strong declension (without article)	nominative	barer	bare	bares	bare
	genitive	baren	barer	baren	barer
	dative	barem	barer	barem	baren
	accusative	baren	bare	bares	bare
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der bare	die bare	das bare	die baren
	genitive	des baren	der baren	des baren	der baren
	dative	dem baren	der baren	dem baren	den baren
	accusative	den baren	die bare	das bare	die baren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein barer	eine bare	ein bares	(keine) baren
	genitive	eines baren	einer baren	eines baren	(keiner) baren
	dative	einem baren	einer baren	einem baren	(keinen) baren
	accusative	einen baren	eine bare	ein bares	(keine) baren

Adverb

bar

1. in cash
2. pure

Preposition

bar

1. (+genitive) without

Synonyms

• ohne

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Gothic

Romanization

bar

1. Romanization of 𐌱𐌰𐍂

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paːr/
• Rhymes: -aːr

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar (1), from Old French barre.

Noun

bar m (genitive singular bars, nominative plural barir)

1. bar (establishment offering alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises)
2. bar (counter at which such beverages are sold or offered)
3. (by extension) a counter where a buffet or a specialized kind of food is offered

Declension

declension of bar

m-s2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bar	barinn	barir	barirnir
accusative	bar	barinn	bari	barina
dative	bar	barnum	börum	börunum
genitive	bars	barsins	bara	baranna

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bar (2), from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar n (genitive singular bars, nominative plural bör)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

Declension

declension of bar

n-s	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bar	barið	bör	börin
accusative	bar	barið	bör	börin
dative	bari	barinu	börum	börunum
genitive	bars	barsins	bara	baranna

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Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from English bar, from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m (genitive singular bair, nominative plural bair)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

Declension

Declension of bar

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative bar bair Vocative a bhair a bhara Genitive bair bar Dative bar bair

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an bar na bair Genitive an bhair na mbar Dative leis an mbar don bhar leis na bair

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bar	bhar	mbar
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "bar" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “bar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English bar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bar/

Noun

bar m (plural bar)

1. bar (place serving drinks)

   C'è un bar qui vicino? ― Is there a bar nearby?

2. café

Derived terms

• barista

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Kurdish

Etymology

Related to Persian بار‎ (bâr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑːɾ/
• Hyphenation: bar
• Rhymes: -ɑːɾ

Noun

bar m

1. burden (a heavy load)

This Kurdish entry was created from the translations listed at burden. It may be less reliable than other entries, and may be missing parts of speech or additional senses. Please also see bar in the Kurdish Wiktionary. This notice will be removed when the entry is checked. (more information) October 2009

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Latvian

Verb

bar

1. 2nd person singular present indicative form of bārt
2. 3rd person singular present indicative form of bārt
3. 3rd person plural present indicative form of bārt
4. 2nd person singular imperative form of bārt
5. (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of bārt
6. (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of bārt

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Middle English

Noun

bar

1. (Northern) Alternative form of bor

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse berr and Old Danish bar.

Adjective

bar (neuter singular bart, definite singular and plural bare, comparative barere, indefinite superlative barest, definite superlative bareste)

1. bare, naked
   • 2014, "Ikke provosèr ham", by Inger Torill Jørgensen, eBokNorden AS →ISBN [3]

     Han kom tettere inn til henne, la armen rundt ryggen hennes og bøyet hodet sitt ned mot hennes bare skulder, kysset den.

     He came closer to her, put his arm around her back and bowed his head down to her bare shoulder, and kissed it.

Derived terms

• barbeint
• barbrystet

See also

• berr (Nynorsk)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (definite singular baren, indefinite plural barer, definite plural barene)

1. a bar (place where alcohol is served)
2. a bar (sandbank at the mouth of a river or harbour)

Related terms

• bartender (sense 1)

Etymology 3

From Old Norse barr.

Noun

bar n (definite singular baret, uncountable)

1. the needles of the conifers, twigs and branches of conifers

Derived terms

• barskog
• bartre

Etymology 4

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m (definite singular baren, indefinite plural bar, definite plural barene)

1. bar (a non-SI unit of pressure)

Derived terms

• millibar

Etymology 5

Verb

bar

1. simple past of bære

References

• “bar” in The Bokmål Dictionary. (adjective on page 2)
• “bar_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “bar_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “bar_3” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “bar_4” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “bar_5” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑːr/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (definite singular baren, indefinite plural barar, definite plural barane)

1. a bar (place where alcohol is served)
2. a bar (sandbank at the mouth of a river or harbour)

Related terms

• bartender (sense 1)

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined circa 1900.

Noun

bar m (definite singular baren, indefinite plural barar, definite plural barane)

1. bar (a non-SI unit of pressure)

Derived terms

• kilobar
• megabar
• millibar

Related terms

• isobar

Etymology 3

From Old Norse barr.

Noun

bar n (definite singular baret, uncountable)

1. the needles of the conifers, twigs and branches of conifers
   • 1860, Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, "Vaaren":

     Derfor eg fann millom Bjørkar og Bar i Vaaren ei Gaata […]

     Therefore I found, between the birches and conifers, in spring a riddle […]

Derived terms

• barskog
• bartre
• granbar

Etymology 4

Verb

bar

1. past tense of bera

References

• “bar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bairaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑːr/

Noun

bār m

1. boar

Declension

Declension of bar (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	bār	bāras
accusative	bār	bāras
genitive	bāres	bāra
dative	bāre	bārum

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Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bazaz, whence also Old English bær, Old Norse berr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bar/

Adjective

bar

1. bare

Descendants

• Middle High German: bar
  • German: bar, baar
  • Yiddish: פּאַרעוו‎ (parev)
    • → English: parev, pareve

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Old Norse

Verb

bar

1. first/third-person singular past indicative active of bera

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Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bazaz, whence also Old English bær, Old Norse berr.

Adjective

bār

1. bare

Declension

Positive forms of bār

Strong declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	bār	bāre, bāra	bār	bāra	bār	bār, bāra
accusative	bāran, bāren	bāra, bāre	bāra	bāra	bār	bār, bāra
genitive	bāres, bāras	bāraro, bāroro, bārero	bārara, bāraro	bāraro, bāroro, bārero	bāres, bāras	bāraro, bāroro, bārero
dative	bārumu, bārum, bārun, bārun, bāron, bāren, bāran	bārun, bāron, bārum	bāraro, bāraru, bārara	bārun, bāron	bārumu, bārum, bārun, bārun, bāron, bāren, bāran	bārun, bāron, bārum
Weak declension
gender	masculine		feminine		neuter
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	bāro, bāra	bāron, bārun	bāra, bāre	bāron, bārun, bāran	bāra, bāre	bāron, bārun
accusative	bāron, bāran	bāron, bārun	bārun, bāron, bāran	bāron, bārun, bāran	bāra, bāre	bāron, bārun
genitive	bāren, bāran	bārono, bāreno	bārun, bāran, bāren	bārono	bāren, bāran	bārono, bāreno
dative	bāron, bāren, bāran	bāron, bārun	bārun, bāran	bāron, bārun	bāron, bāren, bāran	bāron, bārun

Descendants

• Middle Low German: bâr
  • German Low German: baar

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Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse *barr (Old West Norse berr), from Proto-Germanic *bazaz.

Adjective

bar

1. bare

Declension

Declension of bar (strong)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	bar	bar	bart
accusative	baran	bara	bart
dative	barum, -om	barri, -re	baru, -o
genitive	bars	barrar	bars
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	barir, -e(r)	barar	bar
accusative	bara	barar	bar
dative	barum, -om	barum, -om	barum, -om
genitive	barra	barra	barra

Declension of bar (weak)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	bari, -e	bara	bara
accusative	bara	baru, -o	bara
dative	bara	baru, -o	bara
genitive	bara	baru, -o	bara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	baru, -o	baru, -o	baru, -o
accusative	baru, -o	baru, -o	baru, -o
dative	baru, -o	baru, -o	baru, -o
genitive	baru, -o	baru, -o	baru, -o

Descendants

• Swedish: bar

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bar/

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m inan

1. bar, luncheon bar, buffet
2. bar (a long table or counter where drinks are served)

Declension

declension of bar

	singular	plural
nominative	bar	bary
genitive	baru	barów
dative	barowi	barom
accusative	bar	bary
instrumental	barem	barami
locative	barze	barach
vocative	barze	bary

Derived terms

• barowy

Related terms

• barman

Etymology 2

From Latin barium.

Noun

Chemical element
Ba
Previous: cez (Cs)
Next: lantan (La)

bar m inan

1. barium

Declension

declension of bar

	singular
nominative	bar
genitive	baru
dative	barowi
accusative	bar
instrumental	barem
locative	barze
vocative	barze

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), probably borrowed via science literature in another European language.

Noun

bar m inan

1. bar (unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals)

Declension

declension of bar

	singular	plural
nominative	bar	bary
genitive	bara	barów
dative	barowi	barom
accusative	bar	bary
instrumental	barem	barami
locative	barze	barach
vocative	barze	bary

Further reading

• bar in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbaɾ/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈbaʁ/
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): [ˈbaɹ], [ˈbaɻ]
  • (South Brazil) IPA^(key): [ˈbaɻ], [ˈbaɾ]
  • (Carioca) IPA^(key): [ˈbaχ]
  • (Nordestino) IPA^(key): [ˈbah]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (plural bares)

1. pub; bar (establishment that serves alcoholic beverages primarily)

Etymology 2

Originally from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m (plural bars)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

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Romani

Etymology 1

Noun

bar f (plural bara)

1. garden
2. fence

Derived terms

• barari
• pedongi bar

 

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• barr

Noun

bar m (plural bar)

1. stone

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâːr/.

Noun

bȃr m (Cyrillic spelling ба̑р)

1. public house, bar

Declension

Declension of bar

	singular	plural
nominative	bȃr	bȁrovi
genitive	bara	barova
dative	baru	barovima
accusative	bar	barove
vocative	bare	barovi
locative	baru	barovima
instrumental	barom	barovima

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined circa 1900.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâːr/

Noun

bȃr m (Cyrillic spelling ба̑р)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

Declension

Declension of bar

	singular	plural
nominative	bȃr	bȃri
genitive	bara	bara
dative	baru	barima
accusative	bar	bave
vocative	baru	bari
locative	baru	barima
instrumental	barom	barima

Etymology 3

Clipping of bàrem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâr/

Adverb

bȁr (Cyrillic spelling ба̏р)

1. at least

Etymology 4

From Proto-Slavic *bъrъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâːr/

Noun

bȃr m (Cyrillic spelling ба̑р) (regional)

1. foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

   Synonym: mȕhār

2. pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

   Synonyms: kòšćan, bìsērno prȍso

Declension

Declension of bar

	singular
nominative	bar
genitive	bara
dative	baru
accusative	bar
vocative	bare
locative	baru
instrumental	barom

References

• “bar” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “bar” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “bar” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “bar” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Somali

Verb

bar

1. Alternative spelling of baro

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaɾ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar m (plural bares)

1. bar, coffee shop, café, pub (an establishment where refreshments and alcohol drinks are served)

Derived terms

• bar de alterne
• bar de ambiente
• bar de copas

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bar and this from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar m (plural bares)

1. bar (unit of pressure)

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish bar, from Old Norse *barr (Old West Norse berr), from Proto-Germanic *bazaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰos- (“bare, barefoot”). Cognate with English bare. See Old English bær.

Adjective

bar (comparative barare, superlative barast)

1. bare, uncovered; not covered by e.g. clothes (about people), fur (about certain animals) or a snow cover (about the ground)

Declension

Inflection of bar
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	bar	barare	barast
Neuter singular	bart	barare	barast
Plural	bara	barare	barast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	bare	barare	baraste
All	bara	barare	baraste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.

Etymology 2

See bära.

Verb

bar

1. past tense of bära.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English bar.

Noun

bar c

2. a bar, pub; place where mainly alcoholic drinks are served.
3. a bar, a bar counter

Declension

Declension of bar
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	bar	baren	barer	barerna
Genitive	bars	barens	barers	barernas

Etymology 4

Originally from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).

Noun

bar c

1. A bar; a unit of pressure

Anagrams

• bra

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Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Armenian պար (par, “dance”).

Noun

bar (definite accusative barı, plural barlar)

1. (dialectal) dance, round dance

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	bar
Definite accusative	barı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bar	barlar
Definite accusative	barı	barları
Dative	bara	barlara
Locative	barda	barlarda
Ablative	bardan	barlardan
Genitive	barın	barların

References

• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “պար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• “bar”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1982

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

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Wakhi

Etymology

From *dvar, related to Tajik дар (dar).

Noun

bar

1. door

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Zazaki

Etymology

Related to Persian بار‎ (bâr).

Noun

bar ?

1. load
2. burden