bara

See also: Bara, bára, Bára, bära, bāra, barā, bārā, bæra, and bara-

English

Etymology

Short for barazoku, from Japanese 薔薇族 (バラゾク, barazoku, literally "rose tribe"), the name of Japan's first modern gay men's magazine, named after a post-World War II term for gay men.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑːɹə/
• IPA^(key): /ˈbæɹə/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɹə, -æɹə

Noun

bara (uncountable)

1. (Internet slang) A genre of homoerotic media, usually manga and often pornographic, made by gay men for gay men in Japan.
2. (Internet slang) Gay male media of a similar style and aesthetic, regardless of the creator's gender or ethnicity.
3. (Internet slang) Any homoerotic media or pornography that accentuates macho masculinity; gay porn.

Usage notes

• The term barazoku was once relatively more common in the Japanese gay community (the magazine Barazoku starting publication in 1971), but has long since gone out of fashion in Japan, having been replaced by terms like ガチムチ (gachimuchi).
• The term bara often contrasts with yaoi, which is gay male media usually made by heterosexual women to appeal to other heterosexual women. Whereas bara typically emphasizes masculine homoeroticism and frank explicit sexual situations, yaoi typically emphasizes the androgynous bishonen aesthetic and depicts emotional romantic relationships.

Anagrams

• Abar, Abra, Arab, Baar, abra

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Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Welsh bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈba.ʁa/

Noun

bara m (plural baraioù)

1. bread

Inflection

  Mutation of bara  

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
singular	bara	vara	unchanged	para	vara
plural	baraioù	varaioù	unchanged	paraioù	varaioù

Derived terms

Derived terms

• baraa
• bara amanenn
• bara an aelez
• bara an aoter
• bara-an-evn
• bara-an-hoc'h
• bara-an-ozhac'h-kozh
• bara ar Rouanez

• bara brizh
• bara-choanenn
• bara-chokolad
• bara du
• baraek
• baraenn
• baraer
• baraerezh

• bara-gad
• bara-gavr
• bara gwenn
• baraiñ
• bara-kann
• bara-koukoug
• bara krazet

• bara-laezh
• bara-ludu
• bara-mel
• bara-mor
• bara-oaled
• bara-rezin
• bara-tiegezh

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Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːɹa/
• Rhymes: -ɛaːɹa
• Homophones: barað, bæra

Etymology 1

Verb

bara (third person singular past indicative baraði, third person plural past indicative baraðu, supine barað)

1. (reflexive) constrain (oneself)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of bara

v-30
infinitive	bara
present participle	barandi
past participle a6	baraður
supine	barað
number	singular			plural
person	first	second	third	all
indicative	eg	tú	hann/hon/tað	vit, tit, teir/tær/tey, tygum
present	bari	barar	barar	bara
past	baraði	baraði	baraði	baraðu
imperative	–	tú	–	tit
present	—	bara!	—	barið!

Etymology 2

Adverb

bara

1. just, simply
2. I wish
3. if only

Synonyms

• (I wish): gævi

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Gothic

Romanization

bara

1. Romanization of 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌰

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Hausa

Noun

barā̀ m (feminine baranyā̀, plural barōrī, possessed form baràn)

1. servant
2. A young person who out of respect volunteers to work for someone from time to time.

Noun

bar̃ā̀ f (plural bàr̃ā̀ce-bàr̃ā̀ce, possessed form bar̃àr̃)

1. begging for alms

Noun

bā̀r̃ā f (possessed form bā̀r̃ar̃)

1. one's focus (e.g., in aiming at or attempting to catch something)

Noun

bā̀ra f (possessed form bā̀rar̃)

1. last year

Adverb

bā̀ra

1. last year

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Hiligaynon

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vara/barra.

Noun

bára

1. crowbar
2. yardstick

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Icelandic

Adverb

bara

1. only, just, if only

   Ég á bara 200 krónur.

   I only have 200 krónur.

   Bara að hann hringi í mig...

   If only he'd call me...

2. (emphatic, postpositive) only, just

   Þegiðu bara!

   Just shut up!

   Gerðu þetta bara og þegiðu!

   Just do it and shut up.

Synonyms

• (emphatic: just): barasta

Derived terms

• af því bara (aþþí bara, af því barasta; just because)

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Ilocano

Noun

bara

1. lung

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Indonesian

Noun

bara

1. ember

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbˠaɾˠə/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish bara (“flow; intention, design”).

Noun

bara f (genitive singular bara, nominative plural baraí)

1. inclination, intention

Declension

Declension of bara

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative bara baraí Vocative a bhara a bharaí Genitive bara baraí Dative bara baraí

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an bhara na baraí Genitive na bara na mbaraí Dative leis an mbara don bhara leis na baraí

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish bara (“barrow”), borrowed from Old Norse barar.

Noun

bara m (genitive singular bara, nominative plural baraí)

1. barrow, cart

Declension

Declension of bara

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative bara baraí Vocative a bhara a bharaí Genitive bara baraí Dative bara baraí

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an bara na baraí Genitive an bhara na mbaraí Dative leis an mbara don bhara leis na baraí

Derived terms

• bara láimhe (“hand-barrow”)
• bara rotha (“wheel-barrow”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bara	bhara	mbara
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "bara" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “bara” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “bara” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• “1 bara” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• “2 bara” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Italian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Lombardic bāra (“bier, litter”), from Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to carry”). Compare German Bahre (“bier, stretcher”).

Noun

bara f (plural bare)

1. coffin

   Il cadavere fu deposto nella bara.

   The body was placed in the coffin.

Etymology 2

Verb

bara

1. third-person singular present indicative of barare
2. second-person singular imperative of barare

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Jamaican Creole

Alternative forms

• baro, baara (basilectal Jamaican Creole)

Verb

bara

1. borrow

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Japanese

Romanization

bara

1. Rōmaji transcription of ばら
2. Rōmaji transcription of バラ

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Javanese

Numeral

bara

1. (cardinal) hundred million (10⁸)

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Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /βàɾàꜜ/

As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 1 with a disyllabic stem, together with ndaka, and so on.

• (Kiambu)

• (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including cindano, huko, iburi, igego, igoti, ini (pl. mani), inooro, irigũ, irũa, iturubarĩ (pl. maturubarĩ), kĩbaata, kĩmũrĩ, kũgũrũ, mũciĩ, mũgeni, mũgũrũki, mũmbirarũ, mũndũ, mũri, mũthuuri, mwaki (“fire”), mwario (“way of speaking”), mbogoro, nda, ndaka, ndigiri, ngo, njagathi, njogu, nyondo (“breast(s)”), and so on.

Noun

bara class 9/10 (plural bara)

1. road

   Synonyms: barabara, njĩra

References

• “barabara” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 24. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

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Latvian

Noun

bara m

1. genitive singular form of bars

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Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bērō, whence also Old English bēr.

Noun

bāra f

1. bier

Descendants

• Middle High German: bāre
  • German: Bahre
• → Italian: bara

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Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse bera, bara (East Old Norse), from Proto-Germanic *bazōną.

Verb

bara

1. to bare, make bare

Conjugation

Conjugation of bara (weak)

	present			past
infinitive	bara			—
participle	barandi, -e			baraþer
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	barar	bari, -e	—	baraþi, -e	baraþi, -e
þū	barar	bari, -e	bara	baraþi, -e	baraþi, -e
han	barar	bari, -e	—	baraþi, -e	baraþi, -e
vīr	barum, -om	barum, -om	barum, -om	baraþum, -om	baraþum, -om
īr	barin	barin	barin	baraþin	baraþin
þēr	bara	barin	—	baraþu, -o	baraþin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	baras	baris, -es	—	baraþis, -es	baraþis, -es
þū	baras	baris, -es	—	baraþis, -es	baraþis, -es
han	baras	baris, -es	—	baraþis, -es	baraþis, -es
vīr	barums, -oms	barums, -oms	—	baraþums, -oms	baraþums, -oms
īr	barins	barins	—	baraþins	baraþins
þēr	baras	barins	—	baraþus, -os	baraþins

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Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French barrer (“to bar”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baˈra/

Verb

a bará (third-person singular present barează, past participle barat) 1st conj.

1. to bar; to block

Conjugation

    conjugation of bara (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a bara
gerund			barând
past participle			barat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	barez	barezi	barează	barăm	barați	barează
	imperfect	baram	barai	bara	baram	barați	barau
	simple perfect	barai	barași	bară	bararăm	bararăți	barară
	pluperfect	barasem	baraseși	barase	baraserăm	baraserăți	baraseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să barez	să barezi	să bareze	să barăm	să barați	să bareze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		barează			barați
	negative		nu bara			nu barați

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bara.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâra/
• Hyphenation: ba‧ra

Noun

bȁra f (Cyrillic spelling ба̏ра)

1. puddle

Declension

Declension of bara

	singular	plural
nominative	bȁra	bare
genitive	bare	bȃrā
dative	bari	barama
accusative	baru	bare
vocative	baro	bare
locative	bari	barama
instrumental	barom	barama

References

• “bara” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic بَرّ‎ (barr, “mainland”).

Noun

bara (n class, plural bara)

1. mainland
2. continent

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɑːˌra]

• audio

  (file)

Adjective

bara

1. absolute singular definite and plural form of bar.

Adverb

bara

1. just, only

   Jag ska bara läsa den här sidan också.

   I'll just read this page too.

   Vi har bara en bil.

   We have only one car.

Synonyms

• endast
• enbart
• blott

Anagrams

• arab

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Turkish

Noun

bara

1. definite dative singular of bar

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Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Breton bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈbara/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈbaːra/, /ˈbara/

Noun

bara m (plural {{{2}}})

1. bread; loaf, slice (of bread), loaves
2. (figuratively) food, meal, sustenance, means of subsistence, livelihood

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
bara	fara	mara	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• “bara”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, 2014

^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.