vir
Afrikaans[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- ver (archaic)
Etymology[edit]
From Dutch voor (“for; before”) or rather the dialectal variant veur (compare deur vis-à-vis Dutch door). The Afrikaans distinction between vir (“for”) and voor (“before”) may have been influenced by corresponding German für and vor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
vir
- for
- Dit is vir jou! ― It is for you!
- Used to indicate the addressee of a communicative act.
- Sy roep vir haar sussie. ― She is calling to her little sister.
- Amen, sê ek vir julle. ― Amen, I say to you.
- Die ou man het gesein vir die motorbestuurder. ― The old man signalled to the car driver.
- Direct object marker.
- Die vrou moer vir die inbreker toe met 'n hamer. ― The woman then whacked the burglar with a hammer.
Related terms[edit]
Baure[edit]
Noun[edit]
vir
Czech[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from modern European languages, English virus, French virus, German Virus, which are all from Latin virus.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
vir m
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- vir in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- vir in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- vir in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
Galician[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.
Verb[edit]
vir (first-person singular present veño, first-person singular preterite vin, past participle vido)
- to come
- Antonym: ir
- first-person and third-person singular personal infinitive of vir
Conjugation[edit]
infinitive | vir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | vindo | ||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||
masculine | vindo, vido | vindos, vidos | |||||
feminine | vinda, vida | vindas, vidas | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | eu | ti | el / ela | nós | vós | eles / elas | |
present | veño | vés | vén | vimos | vindes, vides | veñen | |
imperfect | viña | viñas | viña | viñamos | viñades | viñan | |
preterite | vin | viñeches | veu | viñemos | viñestes | viñeron | |
pluperfect | viñera | viñeras | viñera | viñeramos | viñerades | viñeran | |
future | virei | virás | virá | viremos | viredes | virán | |
conditional | viría | virías | viría | viriamos | viriades | virían | |
subjunctive | eu | ti | el / ela | nós | vós | eles / elas | |
present | veña | veñas | veña | veñamos | veñades | veñan | |
preterite | viñese | viñeses | viñese | viñésemos | viñésedes | viñesen | |
future | viñer | viñeres | viñer | viñermos | viñerdes | viñeren | |
imperative | eu | ti | el / ela | nós | vós | eles / elas | |
— | ven | — | — | vinde, vide | — | ||
personal infinitive | eu | ti | el / ela | nós | vós | eles / elas | |
vir | vires | vir | virmos | virdes | viren |
Related terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Inflected form of ver (“to see”).
Verb[edit]
vir
References[edit]
- “viir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
- “vir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
- “vir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “vir” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognates include Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Old Prussian wijrs, Lithuanian vyras, Latvian vīrs, Old Irish fer, Old Norse verr, Ossetian ир (ir, “Ossetians”) and Old English wer (English were-).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
vir m (genitive virī); second declension
- man in the sense of "adult male human"
- adult, mature, or grown man
- brave or courageous man, hero, warrior
- husband
- (military) foot soldier
Usage notes[edit]
The sense of "human being" is rendered by Latin homō, the sense of male human being by Latin mās, and the sense of adult male human being by Latin vir.
Declension[edit]
Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -r).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | vir | virī |
Genitive | virī | virōrum |
Dative | virō | virīs |
Accusative | virum | virōs |
Ablative | virō | virīs |
Vocative | vir | virī |
- The genitive plural may also be virum, virûm.
Hypernyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- vir in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- vir in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- vir in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles summus vir illius aetatis
- Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
- a man of considerable learning for those times: vir ut temporibus illis doctus
- a man of ability: vir magno ingenio, ingeniosus
- a man of ability: vir magno ingenio praeditus
- a man of learning; a scholar; a savant: vir or homo doctus, litteratus
- a great scholar: vir doctissimus
- a man of profound erudition: vir perfecte planeque eruditus
- a man perfect in all branches of learning: vir omni doctrina eruditus
- the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
- a man of character, with a strong personality: vir constans, gravis (opp. homo inconstans, levis)
- a man who has held every office (up to the consulship): vir defunctus honoribus
- a hero: vir fortissimus
- (ambiguous) many learned men; many scholars: multi viri docti, or multi et ii docti (not multi docti)
- (ambiguous) to separate (of the woman): repudium remittere viro (Dig. 24. 3)
- (ambiguous) statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
- (ambiguous) men of rank and dignity: viri clari et honorati (De Sen. 7. 22)
- Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles summus vir illius aetatis
Luxembourgish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
vir
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Northern Kurdish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
vir
Etymology 2[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
vir ?[1]
- lie
- vir kirin ― to lie
- vir kirin nav rûya ― to lie to one's eyes, lie blatantly
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Kurdojev, K. K. (1960) , “vir II”, in Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Gosudarstvennoje izdatelʹstvo inostrannyx i nacionalʹnyx slovarej, page 781b
Old Swedish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse vír, variant of vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz.
Pronoun[edit]
vīr
Declension[edit]
first person | second person | reflexive | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | ||||||
nominative | iak, iæk | þū | — | han | hōn | þæt |
accusative | mik | þik | sik | han | hana, hōna | þæt |
dative | mǣr, mik | þǣr, þik | sǣr, sik | hōnum, hānum | hænni | þȳ, þī |
genitive | mīn | þīn | sīn | hans | hænna(r) | þæs |
dual | ||||||
nominative | vit | it | — | — | — | — |
accusative | oker | *iker | sik | — | — | — |
dative | oker | *iker | sǣr, sik | — | — | — |
genitive | okar | *ikar | sīn | — | — | — |
plural | ||||||
nominative | vī(r) | ī(r) | — | þē(r) | þā(r) | þø̄n, þē(n) |
accusative | os, ōs | iþer | sik | þā | þā(r) | þø̄n, þē(n) |
dative | os, ōs | iþer | sǣr, sik | þēm, þø̄m, þom | þēm, þø̄m, þom | þēm, þø̄m, þom |
genitive | vār | iþar | sīn | þēra | þēra | þēra |
Descendants[edit]
- Swedish: vi
Picard[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old French veoir, veir, from earlier vedeir, from Latin vidēre, present active infinitive of videō.
Verb[edit]
vir
- to see
Piedmontese[edit]
Noun[edit]
vir m (plural vir)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Related terms[edit]
Portuguese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.
Related to Spanish venir, French venir, Italian venire, Romanian veni.
Verb[edit]
vir (first-person singular present indicative venho, past participle vindo)
- (intransitive) to come (to move towards the speaker or the agent)
- Ele veio me cumprimentar.
- He came to greet me.
- (intransitive) to come; to arrive (to reach a destination, especially where the speaker is)
- Venha antes das seis se quiser jantar.
- Come before six if you want to have dinner.
- Synonym: chegar
- (intransitive) to come (to manifest itself; to occur)
- Os meses vêm e vão.
- The months come and go.
- (intransitive) to come (to be located in a certain position in a sequence)
- A palavra coçar vem depois de cocar no dicionário.
- The word coçar comes after cocar in the dictionary.
- (transitive with de) to come from; to be from (to have as one’s place of origin)
- (transitive with de) to be caused by; to be due to
- Meu sofrimento vem das misérias da vida.
- My suffering is due to life’s miseries.
- (intransitive, or transitive with de) to come back (from); to return (from)
- (auxiliary, with a verb in the gerund) have/has been (forms the present perfect progressive aspect)
- Eu venho comendo pizza todos os dias.
- I have been eating pizza every day.
- (auxiliary with a and a verb in the infinitive) to end up (to eventually do)
- Meu irmão veio a se tornar padre.
- My brother ended up becoming a priest.
- Synonym: acabar
- (colloquial, intransitive, or transitive with com) to bitch; to whine (to complain, especially unnecessarily)
- Não venha com essa.
- Stop whining.
Conjugation[edit]
Notes:[edit]
| ||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | vir | |||||
Personal | vir | vires | vir | virmos | virdes | virem |
Gerund | ||||||
vindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | vindo | vindos | ||||
Feminine | vinda | vindas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | venho | vens | vem | vimos | vindes | vêm |
Imperfect | vinha | vinhas | vinha | vínhamos | vínheis | vinham |
Preterite | vim | vieste | veio | viemos | viestes | vieram |
Pluperfect | viera | vieras | viera | viéramos | viéreis | vieram |
Future | virei | virás | virá | viremos | vireis | virão |
Conditional | ||||||
viria | virias | viria | viríamos | viríeis | viriam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | venha | venhas | venha | venhamos | venhais | venham |
Imperfect | viesse | viesses | viesse | viéssemos | viésseis | viessem |
Future | vier | vieres | vier | viermos | vierdes | vierem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | - | vem | venha | venhamos | vinde | venham |
Negative (não) | - | venhas | venha | venhamos | venhais | venham |
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:vir.
Etymology 2[edit]
From the verb ver (“to see”).
Verb[edit]
vir
- first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of ver
- third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of ver
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ver.
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *virъ
Noun[edit]
vir m (Cyrillic spelling вир)
Declension[edit]
Slovene[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
vȋr m inan
Inflection[edit]
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | vír | ||
gen. sing. | víra | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | vír | víra | víri |
accusative | vír | víra | víre |
genitive | víra | vírov | vírov |
dative | víru | víroma | vírom |
locative | víru | vírih | vírih |
instrumental | vírom | víroma | víri |
Further reading[edit]
- “vir”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from German
- Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afrikaans terms with audio links
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans prepositions
- Afrikaans terms with usage examples
- Baure lemmas
- Baure nouns
- Czech terms derived from English
- Czech terms derived from French
- Czech terms derived from German
- Czech terms derived from Latin
- Czech 1-syllable words
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician terms inherited from Old Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ir
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Galician irregular verbs
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with audio links
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- la:Military
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin noun forms
- la:Male people
- Luxembourgish 1-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Luxembourgish terms with homophones
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish adverbs
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish pronouns
- Northern Kurdish nouns
- Northern Kurdish terms with usage examples
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish lemmas
- Old Swedish pronouns
- Old Swedish personal pronouns
- Picard terms inherited from Old French
- Picard terms derived from Old French
- Picard terms inherited from Latin
- Picard terms derived from Latin
- Picard lemmas
- Picard verbs
- Piedmontese lemmas
- Piedmontese nouns
- Piedmontese masculine nouns
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms with homophones
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese irregular verbs
- Portuguese intransitive verbs
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Portuguese auxiliary verbs
- Portuguese colloquialisms
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
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- Portuguese terms with multiple etymologies
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Regional Serbo-Croatian
- sh:Water
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene masculine nouns
- Slovene masculine inanimate nouns
- Slovene inanimate nouns
- Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns
- sl:Water