vir

See also: Vir, VIR, vír, -vir-, and вир

Afrikaans

Alternative forms

• ver (archaic)

Etymology

From Dutch voor (“for; before”) or rather the dialectal variant veur (compare deur vis-à-vis Dutch door). The Afrikaans distinction between vir (“for”) and voor (“before”) may have been influenced by corresponding German für and vor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fər/, [fɨr]

• audio

  (file)

Preposition

vir

1. for

   Dit is vir jou! ― It is for you!

2. Used to indicate the addressee of a communicative act.

   Sy roep vir haar sussie. ― She is calling to her little sister.

   Amen, sê ek vir julle. ― Amen, I say to you.

   Die ou man het gesein vir die motorbestuurder. ― The old man signalled to the car driver.

3. Direct object marker.

   Die vrou moer vir die inbreker toe met 'n hamer. ― The woman then whacked the burglar with a hammer.

Related terms

• voor

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Baure

Noun

vir

1. wind

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Czech

Alternative forms

• virus

Etymology

Borrowed from modern European languages, English virus, French virus, German Virus, which are all from Latin virus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɪr/

Noun

vir m

1. virus

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	vir	viry
genitive	viru	virů
dative	viru	virům
accusative	vir	viry
vocative	vire	viry
locative	viru	virech
instrumental	virem	viry

Derived terms

• antivir
• virový

Related terms

• virus

Further reading

• vir in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• vir in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• vir in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

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Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbiɾ]

Etymology 1

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Verb

vir (first-person singular present veño, first-person singular preterite vin, past participle vido)

1. to come

   Antonym: ir

2. first-person and third-person singular personal infinitive of vir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vir (irregular)

infinitive			vir
gerund			vindo
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		vindo, vido		vindos, vidos
		feminine		vinda, vida		vindas, vidas
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		eu	ti	el / ela	nós	vós	eles / elas
	present	veño	vés	vén	vimos	vindes, vides	veñen
	imperfect	viña	viñas	viña	viñamos	viñades	viñan
	preterite	vin	viñeches	veu	viñemos	viñestes	viñeron
	pluperfect	viñera	viñeras	viñera	viñeramos	viñerades	viñeran
	future	virei	virás	virá	viremos	viredes	virán
	conditional	viría	virías	viría	viriamos	viriades	virían
subjunctive		eu	ti	el / ela	nós	vós	eles / elas
	present	veña	veñas	veña	veñamos	veñades	veñan
	preterite	viñese	viñeses	viñese	viñésemos	viñésedes	viñesen
	future	viñer	viñeres	viñer	viñermos	viñerdes	viñeren
imperative		eu	ti	el / ela	nós	vós	eles / elas
		—	ven	—	—	vinde, vide	—
personal infinitive		eu	ti	el / ela	nós	vós	eles / elas
		vir	vires	vir	virmos	virdes	viren

Related terms

• advir
• avir
• contravir
• convir
• desavir
• desconvir
• devir
• intervir
• previr
• provir
• reconvir
• sobrevir

 

Etymology 2

Inflected form of ver (“to see”).

Verb

vir

1. first-person and third-person singular future subjunctive of ver

References

• “viir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “vir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “vir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “vir” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognates include Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Old Prussian wijrs, Lithuanian vyras, Latvian vīrs, Old Irish fer, Old Norse verr, Ossetian ир (ir, “Ossetians”) and Old English wer (English were-).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /wir/, [wɪr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /vir/

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Noun

vir m (genitive virī); second declension

1. man in the sense of "adult male human"
2. adult, mature, or grown man
3. brave or courageous man, hero, warrior
4. husband
5. (military) foot soldier

Usage notes

The sense of "human being" is rendered by Latin homō, the sense of male human being by Latin mās, and the sense of adult male human being by Latin vir.

Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -r).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vir	virī
Genitive	virī	virōrum
Dative	virō	virīs
Accusative	virum	virōs
Ablative	virō	virīs
Vocative	vir	virī

• The genitive plural may also be virum, virûm.

Hypernyms

• (human being): homō
• (man, male): mās

Derived terms

• centumvir
• decemvir
• duumvir
• octōvir
• quinquevir
• sēmivir
• septemvir
• sexvir
• triumvir
• vira
• viragō
• virātus
• virīlis
• virlupus
• virtūs

 

References

• vir in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vir in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vir in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles summus vir illius aetatis
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    
  • a man of considerable learning for those times: vir ut temporibus illis doctus
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio, ingeniosus
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio praeditus
    
  • a man of learning; a scholar; a savant: vir or homo doctus, litteratus
    
  • a great scholar: vir doctissimus
    
  • a man of profound erudition: vir perfecte planeque eruditus
    
  • a man perfect in all branches of learning: vir omni doctrina eruditus
    
  • the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
    
  • a man of character, with a strong personality: vir constans, gravis (opp. homo inconstans, levis)
    
  • a man who has held every office (up to the consulship): vir defunctus honoribus
    
  • a hero: vir fortissimus
    
  • (ambiguous) many learned men; many scholars: multi viri docti, or multi et ii docti (not multi docti)
    
  • (ambiguous) to separate (of the woman): repudium remittere viro (Dig. 24. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    
  • (ambiguous) men of rank and dignity: viri clari et honorati (De Sen. 7. 22)
    

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Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːʀ/, [ˈfiː.ɐ], [fiə̯]
• Homophone: fir

Adverb

vir

1. ahead, at the front, at the fore

Derived terms

• hannevir
• virun

Related terms

• vir-

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Northern Kurdish

Etymology 1

Pronoun

vir

1. here

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• virr

Noun

vir ?

1. lie

   vir kirin ― to lie

   vir kirin nav rûya ― to lie to one's eyes, lie blatantly

Derived terms

• virek (“lier”)
• virekî (“lie, lying”)
• viridîk

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Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• vī

Etymology

From Old Norse vír, variant of vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz.

Pronoun

vīr

1. we

Declension

Old Swedish personal pronouns

	first person	second person	reflexive	third person
				masculine	feminine	neuter
singular
nominative	iak, iæk	þū	—	han	hōn	þæt
accusative	mik	þik	sik	han	hana, hōna	þæt
dative	mǣr, mik	þǣr, þik	sǣr, sik	hōnum, hānum	hænni	þȳ, þī
genitive	mīn	þīn	sīn	hans	hænna(r)	þæs
dual
nominative	vit	it	—	—	—	—
accusative	oker	*iker	sik	—	—	—
dative	oker	*iker	sǣr, sik	—	—	—
genitive	okar	*ikar	sīn	—	—	—
plural
nominative	vī(r)	ī(r)	—	þē(r)	þā(r)	þø̄n, þē(n)
accusative	os, ōs	iþer	sik	þā	þā(r)	þø̄n, þē(n)
dative	os, ōs	iþer	sǣr, sik	þēm, þø̄m, þom	þēm, þø̄m, þom	þēm, þø̄m, þom
genitive	vār	iþar	sīn	þēra	þēra	þēra

Descendants

• Swedish: vi

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Picard

Etymology

From Old French veoir, veir, from earlier vedeir, from Latin vidēre, present active infinitive of videō.

Verb

vir

1. to see

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Piedmontese

Noun

vir m (plural vir)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Related terms

• viré

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈviɾ/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈviʁ/, [ˈviχ]
  • Homophone: vi (with -r dropping)
• Hyphenation: vir

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.

Related to Spanish venir, French venir, Italian venire, Romanian veni.

Verb

vir (first-person singular present indicative venho, past participle vindo)

2. (intransitive) to come (to move towards the speaker or the agent)

   Ele veio me cumprimentar.

   He came to greet me.

4. (intransitive) to come; to arrive (to reach a destination, especially where the speaker is)

   Venha antes das seis se quiser jantar.

   Come before six if you want to have dinner.

   Synonym: chegar

6. (intransitive) to come (to manifest itself; to occur)

   Os meses vêm e vão.

   The months come and go.

8. (intransitive) to come (to be located in a certain position in a sequence)

   A palavra coçar vem depois de cocar no dicionário.

   The word coçar comes after cocar in the dictionary.

10. (transitive with de) to come from; to be from (to have as one’s place of origin)

    Eles vêm de vários países.

    They come from various countries.

    Estas botas são porcarias e baratas porque vêm da China.

    These boots are crap and cheap because they are from China.

    Synonym: ser de

12. (transitive with de) to be caused by; to be due to

    Meu sofrimento vem das misérias da vida.

    My suffering is due to life’s miseries.

14. (intransitive, or transitive with de) to come back (from); to return (from)

    Quando que o pai vem das férias?

    When is dad coming back from his vacation?

    Synonyms: volta, retornar, tornar

16. (auxiliary, with a verb in the gerund) have/has been (forms the present perfect progressive aspect)

    Eu venho comendo pizza todos os dias.

    I have been eating pizza every day.

18. (auxiliary with a and a verb in the infinitive) to end up (to eventually do)

    Meu irmão veio a se tornar padre.

    My brother ended up becoming a priest.

    Synonym: acabar

20. (colloquial, intransitive, or transitive with com) to bitch; to whine (to complain, especially unnecessarily)

    Não venha com essa.

    Stop whining.

Conjugation

  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ir verb vir

Notes:[edit] This is an irregular verb of the -ir group. Verbs with this conjugation include: vir.
	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	vir
Personal	vir	vires	vir	virmos	virdes	virem
Gerund
	vindo
Past participle
Masculine	vindo			vindos
Feminine	vinda			vindas
Indicative
Present	venho	vens	vem	vimos	vindes	vêm
Imperfect	vinha	vinhas	vinha	vínhamos	vínheis	vinham
Preterite	vim	vieste	veio	viemos	viestes	vieram
Pluperfect	viera	vieras	viera	viéramos	viéreis	vieram
Future	virei	virás	virá	viremos	vireis	virão
Conditional
	viria	virias	viria	viríamos	viríeis	viriam
Subjunctive
Present	venha	venhas	venha	venhamos	venhais	venham
Imperfect	viesse	viesses	viesse	viéssemos	viésseis	viessem
Future	vier	vieres	vier	viermos	vierdes	vierem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	vem	venha	venhamos	vinde	venham
Negative (não)	-	venhas	venha	venhamos	venhais	venham

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:vir.

Etymology 2

From the verb ver (“to see”).

Verb

vir

1. first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of ver
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of ver

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ver.

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *virъ

Noun

vir m (Cyrillic spelling вир)

1. whirlpool
2. (regional) source

Declension

Declension of vir

	singular	plural
nominative	vir	virovi
genitive	vira	virova
dative	viru	virovima
accusative	vir	virove
vocative	viru	virovi
locative	viru	virovima
instrumental	virom	virovima

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Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋíːr/

Noun

vȋr m inan

1. source (of water; e.g. a spring or well)
2. source, origin

Inflection

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	vír
gen. sing.	víra
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	vír	víra	víri
accusative	vír	víra	víre
genitive	víra	vírov	vírov
dative	víru	víroma	vírom
locative	víru	vírih	vírih
instrumental	vírom	víroma	víri

Further reading

• “vir”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran