vér

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ver"

Hungarian

vér

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *were. Cognates include Northern Mansi вы̄гыр (vȳgyr), Finnish veri and Estonian veri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈveːr]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: vér
• Rhymes: -eːr

Noun

vér (usually uncountable, plural vérek)

1. blood
2. (figuratively) vigor, vitality, dynamism

   Synonyms: tetterő, életerő, mozgékonyság

3. blood sacrifice, bloodshed

   Synonyms: véráldozat, vérontás

4. (figuratively) temperament

   Synonyms: vérmérséklet, temperamentum

5. (construed with a  possessive suffix and -ben van) someone’s inclination, propensity, disposition, nature
6. (figuratively) state of mind, frame of mind, mood

   Synonym: lelkiállapot

7. (figuratively) sensuality, lust, passion

   Synonyms: testi vágy, szenvedély, érzékiség

8. (figuratively) clan, family

   Synonyms: nemzetség, család

9. (figuratively) offspring, descendant, issue, progeny or ancestor

   Synonyms: ivadék, leszármazott, ős

10. (figuratively) bloodline or strain of descent
11. (literary, folksy, with a possessive suffix) sibling

    Synonym: testvér

12. (literary, in the plural, with a possessive suffix) compatriot, countryman, or a person belonging to the same people, social class, or community

    Synonyms: honfitárs, hazánkfia, földi

13. (humorous) synonym of bor (“wine”), especially vörösbor (“red wine”).

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	vér	vérek
accusative	vért	véreket
dative	vérnek	véreknek
instrumental	vérrel	vérekkel
causal-final	vérért	vérekért
translative	vérré	vérekké
terminative	vérig	vérekig
essive-formal	vérként	vérekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	vérben	vérekben
superessive	véren	véreken
adessive	vérnél	véreknél
illative	vérbe	vérekbe
sublative	vérre	vérekre
allative	vérhez	vérekhez
elative	vérből	vérekből
delative	vérről	vérekről
ablative	vértől	vérektől
non-attributive possessive – singular	véré	véreké
non-attributive possessive – plural	véréi	vérekéi

Possessive forms of vér

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	vérem	véreim
2nd person sing.	véred	véreid
3rd person sing.	vére	vérei
1st person plural	vérünk	véreink
2nd person plural	véretek	véreitek
3rd person plural	vérük	véreik

Derived terms

• vércse
• véres
• vérű
• vérzik

Compound words

• fivér
• hidegvér
• hús-vér
• kékvér
• nővér
• testvér
• véradás
• véráram
• vérátömlesztés
• vércukor
• vércsepp
• vércsoport
• véreb
• vérellátás
• vérfagyasztó
• vérfertőzés
• vérfürdő
• vérkép
• vérnarancs
• vérnyomás
• vérontás
• vérplazma
• vérrokon
• vérrög
• vérsejt
• vérszag
• vérszegény
• vérszegénység
• vérszomjas
• vértanú
• vértest
• vérveszteség
• vérvizsgálat
• vérvörös

Expressions

• a vér nem válik vízzé
• a vérében van
• vér szerinti
• vérig sért

Further reading

• (blood): vér in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• ([dialectal, archaic] ver (“to beat”)): vér in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Anagrams

• érv, rév

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vjɛːr̥/

Pronoun

vér

1. (archaic, formal) first person plural pronoun; we
2. (archaic, formal) a formal term of self-reference used by a royal person; we

   Vér teljum þetta mál hið alvarlegasta. Kallið saman ríkisráðið undir eins.

   We deem this matter most grave. Assemble the privy council immediately.

Usage notes

This pronoun has mostly fallen out of use in favour of við, but lingers in biblical language in the raw plural sense, and finds occasional use elsewhere. As a majestic self-reference, it was used in royal decrees, and may find modern use e.g. in literature dealing with persons who refer to themselves in such a way.

Declension

Icelandic honorific pronouns

plural	first person	second person
nominative	vér	þér
accusative	oss	yður
dative	oss	yður
genitive	vor	yðar

See also personal pronouns.

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• vær, mér
• *wīʀ — Old East Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂. Cognate with Old English wē ( > English we), Old Frisian wī ( > West Frisian wy), Old Saxon wī ( > Low German wi), Old Dutch wī ( > Dutch wij), Old High German wir ( > German wir), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /veːr/

Pronoun

vér (singular ek, dual vit) (Old West Norse)

1. we (first person plural pronoun)

Declension

Old Norse personal pronouns

singular	first person	second person	reflexive	third person
				masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	ek	þú	—	hann	hon, hón, hǫ́n	þat
accusative	mik	þik	sik	hann	hana, hána	þat
dative	mér	þér	sér	hánum, hónum, hǫ́num	henni	því
genitive	mín	þín	sín	hans	hennar	þess
dual	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	vit	it, þit	—
accusative	okkr	ykkr	sik
dative	okkr	ykkr	sér
genitive	okkar	ykkar	sín
plural	first person	second person	reflexive	third person
				masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vér	ér, þér	—	þeir	þær	þau
accusative	oss	yðr	sik	þá	þær	þau
dative	oss	yðr	sér	þeim	þeim	þeim
genitive	vár	yðar, yðvar	sín	þeira, þeirra	þeira, þeirra	þeira, þeirra

Descendants

• Icelandic: vér, vær
• Faroese: vær
• Norwegian Nynorsk: me (< mér < erum vér)

Further reading

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)