Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wéy

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Pronoun

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*wéy

  1. we (more than two)

Inflection

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Andrew Sihler's reconstruction
nominative *we-i
accusative *n̥smé ~ *nō̆s
genitive *n̥sóm ~ *nō̆s
ablative *n̥sm-ét
dative *n̥sm-éy ~ *nō̆s
  • Oblique plural *n̥s- possibly continues earlier **m̥s- (same element of singular oblique stem with plural -s). This n was made common to the whole paradigm, with even enclitic *nos for *mos, but the verb endings *-me(dʰh₂), *-mos(dʰh₂) were not disturbed.[1]
Donald Ringe's reconstruction
nominative *wéy
accusative *n̥smé ~ *nos
genitive ? ~ *nos
dative ? ~ *nos
Alwin Kloekhorst's reconstruction
Proto-Nuclear-Indo-European
nominative *wey
accusative *n̥s ~ *nōs (?)
genitive ?
dative ?
oblique *n̥s- ~ *nos
Outer-Anatolian IE
nominative *wey
oblique *n̥s-
enclitic *nos
Proto-Indo-European
nominative ?
accusative ?
oblique ?
Robert Beekes' reconstruction
nominative *wey
accusative *n̥smé ~ *nōs
genitive *n̥s(er)o- ~ *nos
ablative *n̥smed
dative *n̥smey ~ *n̥s
locative *n̥smi
instrumental ?
poss. adj. *n̥sós
Frederik Kortlandt's reconstruction
nominative *we-
accusative *n̥sme
genitive *nos
ablative ?
dative ?
locative *n̥smi
Michiel de Vaan's reconstruction
nominative *wey(s)
accusative *nōs
genitive-locative *nos/*nes
ablative ?
dative ?
poss. adj. *ns-tero-s?

Derived terms

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  • *méy (Contamination with the first person plural verbal suffix and/or the 1st person singular object pronoun)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latgalian: mes
      • Latvian: mēs
      • Lithuanian: mẽs
      • Old Prussian: mes
      • Proto-Slavic: *my (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Armenian:
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Germanic: *wet, *wit (see there for further descendants)
    • Lithuanian: vedu
    • Proto-Slavic: *vě (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

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  • Proto-Anatolian: *wéyes (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *wīz (< *wéy-s) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wayám (< *weyóm) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *wes
    • Tocharian A: was
    • Tocharian B: wes

References

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  1. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 374

Further reading

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