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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swé

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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    This stem (and its substantive pronoun) was originally a reflexive element referring to all persons and numbers (as in Sanskrit and in Balto-Slavic). Its wider use can still be seen in Homer, when ὅς (hós) means "my own" or "your own" (e.g. Odyssey 11.142, 9.28).

    Pronoun

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    *swé[1]

    1. self (reflexive pronoun)

    Declension

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    To be cleaned up A user suggests that this Proto-Indo-European reconstruction entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “manual table should be moved to a template”.
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    Andrew Sihler's reconstruction
    singular
    nominative –
    accusative *s-wé ~ *se
    genitive *sé-we ~ *sos (adj.)
    ablative *sw-ét
    dative *sébʰi ~ *sey, *soy
    Donald Ringe's reconstruction
    singular
    nominative –
    accusative *swé ~ *se
    genitive *séwe ~ *soy
    dative *sébʰye ~ *soy
    Robert Beekes' reconstruction
    singular
    nominative –
    accusative *swé
    genitive *séwe ~ *soy
    dative *sebʰyo, *soy
    possessive adjective *swós
    Michiel de Vaan's reconstruction[2]
    singular
    nominative –
    accusative *s(w)é ~ *se
    genitive *sewe
    dative *sebʰyo
    poss. adj. *swós

    Alternative reconstructions

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    Coordinate terms

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    Derived terms

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    • *swe- (prefix) (see there for further descendants)
    • ? *swésōr
    • *sw-ó-s
    • *sew-ó-s (< genitive *séwe; or vriddhi derivative[1])
    • *swéd-yo-s (< ablative *swéd)
      • Proto-Hellenic: *hwédios[7]
    • ? *swe-to-s (“belonging to one's own tribe”)[1] (or with some other *-t- extension[8])
      • >? Proto-Albanian: *swetā
        • Albanian: vetë (“self”)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Hellenic:
    Unsorted formations

    Descendants

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    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *swé
    • Proto-Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: իւր (iwr) (from PIE gen. *sewe + element *-r- (probably taken from the other pronouns)[9])
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sin, *sen
      • Lithuanian: -s
      • Old Prussian: sien (“oneself”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *sę (acc.), *sebe (gen.)
    • Proto-Celtic: *swe (see there for further descendants)[10]
    • Proto-Germanic: *se- (< *se) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *hwe
    • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-swa (2sg. imperative middle ending)[1]
    • Proto-Italic: *sē,[2] *swē, *se (acc.), *sefei (dat.), *sed (abl.)

    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Dunkel, George E. (2014), “1.*su̯e-, 2.*se-, 2.*su- 'selbst; sich (selbst)'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems]‎[1] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 751-762
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sē”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 549
    3. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[2], 1st edition, Oxford: University Press, →ISBN, page 57
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἕ, ἑ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 365
    5. ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 214, 267
    6. ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 416–417
    7. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page ἴδιος of 577-578
    8. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἔτης”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 475
    9. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “iwr”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 303
    10. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*swe- ‘self, own’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 361

    Further reading

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    PIE pronouns view or edit this box
    *éǵh₂ · *wéy · *túh₂ · *yúHs · *swé · *só · *ís · *kʷís · *h₁énos · *Hyós
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swé&oldid=92151775"